Measuring filtration function in clinical practice

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension

Volumn 15, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 643-647

  Fawaz, Ahmad ^a   Badr, Kamal F ^a  

^a AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT   (Lebanon)

Author keywords

Chronic kidney disease; Creatinine clearance; GFR estimation prediction equations; Glomerular filtration rate; The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation

Indexed keywords

CREATININE;

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; CREATININE CLEARANCE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIET; DRUG EXCRETION; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HEART FAILURE; HUMAN; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; MEASUREMENT; PERFORMANCE; PHYSICIAN; POPULATION; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; VALIDATION PROCESS;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CREATINE; DIET; FEMALE; GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE; HUMANS; KIDNEY DISEASES; KIDNEY FUNCTION TESTS; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC; PROGNOSIS;

EID: 33750203490     PISSN: 10624821     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.mnh.0000247504.94785.98     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. El Nahas AM, Belo AK. Chronic kidney disease: the global challenge. Lancet 2005; 365:331-340. This important review article discusses epidemiology, mechanisms, and management of CKD.
2. Lysaght MJ. Maintenance dialysis population dynamics: current trends and long-term implications. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13:37-40.
3. King H, Auburt RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care 1998; 21:1414-1431.
4. Smith H. Comparative physiology of the kidney. In: Smith H, editor. The kidney: structure and function in health and disease. New York: Oxford University Press; 1951. pp. 520-574.
5. Levey AS, Coresh J, Balk E, et al. National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139:137-147.
6. National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39 (Suppl 1):S1-S266.
7. National Kidney Foundation. Clinical practice guidelines on hypertension and antihypertensive agents in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43 (Suppl 1):S1-S290.
8. Cameron JS. European best practice guidelines for the management of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14 (Suppl 2):61-65.
9. National Kidney Foundation. Clinical practice guidelines for nutrition in chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 35 (Suppl 2):S56-S64.
10. National Kidney Foundation. Clinical practice guidelines for bone metabolism and disease in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 42 (Suppl 3):S1-S202.
11. Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention. Hypertension 2003; 42:1050-1065.
12. Weiner DE, Tighiouart H, Amin MG, et al. Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a pooled analysis of community-based studies. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15:1307-1315.
13. Coresh J, Astor B, Sarnak M. Evidence for increased cardiovascular disease risk in patients with chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2004; 13:73-81.
14. Mohanram A, Toto R. Measurement of kidney function. In: Pereira BJG, Sayegh MH, Blake PG, editors. Chronic kidney disease, dialysis, and transplantation: a companion to Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2005. pp. 20-30.
15. Levey AS. Measurement of renal function in chronic renal disease. Kidney Int 1990; 38:167-184.
16. Jones CA, McQuillan GM, Kusek JW, et al. Serum creatinine levels in the US population: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 32:992-999.
17. Berglund F, Killander J, Pompeius R. Effect of trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole on the renal excretion of creatinine in man. J Urol 1975; 114:802-808.
18. Walser M. Assessing renal function from creatinine measurements in adults with chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney 1998; 32:23-31.
19. Cockcroft DW, Gault MH. Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron 1976; 16:31-41.
20. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, et al. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130:461-470.
21. Levey AS, Greene T, Kusek J, Beck G. A simplified equation to predict glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11:155A-1155A.
22. Lin J, Knight E, Hogan ML, Singh AK. A comparison of prediction equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate in adults without kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14:2573-2580.
23. Rule AD, Larson TS, Bergstralh EJ, et al. Using serum creatinine to estimate glomerular filtration rate: accuracy in good health and in chronic kidney disease. Ann Intern Med 2004; 141:929-937.
24. Berolatous JA, Goddard L. Evaluation of renal function in potential living kidney donors. Transplantation 2001; 71:256-260.
25. Vervoort G, Willems HL, Wetzels JF. Asssessment of glomerular filtration rate in healthy subjects and normoalbuminuric diabetic patients: validity of a new (MDRD) prediction equation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17:1909-1913.
26. Rule AD, Gussak HM, Pond GR, et al. Measured and estimated GFR in healthy potential kidney donors. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43:112-119.
27. Poggio ED, Wang X, Greene T, et al. Performance of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and Cockcroft-Gault equations in the estimation of GFR in health and in chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16:459-466. This important study about the performance of the MDRD equation in different patient populations validated its use in chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy and showed its limitations in healthy individuals.
28. Shik J, Parfrey PS. The clinical epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005; 14:550-557. This review article addresses the various aspects of cardiovascular disease in CKD including epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment.
29. Rigalleau V, Lasseur C, Perlemoine C, et al. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in diabetic subjects: Cockcroft formula or Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation? Diabetes Care 2005; 28:838-843. This study compared the performance of the MDRD equation and the Cockcroft-Gault formula in diabetic patients which showed better accuracy of the MDRD equation in diabetic patients with chronic renal failure.
30. Waller DG, Flemming JS, Ramsey B, Gray J. The accuracy of creatinine clearance with and without urine collection as a measure of glomerular filtration rate. Postgrad Med J 1991; 67:42-46.
31. Gault MH, Longerich LL, Harnett JD, Wesolowski C. Predicting glomerular function from adjusted serum creatinine. Nephron 1992; 62:249-256.
32. Rodrigo E, Fernandez-Fresnedo G, Ruiz JC, et al. Assessment of glomerular filtration rate in transplant recipients with severe renal insufficiency by Nakivell, Modification of Diet Renal Disease (MDRD), and Cockroft-Gault equations. Transplantation Proceedings 2003; 35:1671-1672.
33. Poge U, Gerhardt T, Palmedo H, et al. MDRD equations for estimation of GFR in renal transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2005; 5:1306-1311. This prospective study showed that the MDRD formula performs better than the Cockcroft-Gault equation in renal transplant recipients.
34. Mariat C, Alamartine E, Afiani A, et al. Predicting glomerular filtration rate in transplantation: are the K/DOQI guidelines applicable? Am J Transplant 2005; 5:2698-2703.
35. Anavekar NS, McMurray JJV, Velazquez EJ, et al. Relation between renal dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2004; 315:1285-1295.
36. McAlister FA, Ezekowitz J, Tonelli MR, Armstrong PW. Renal insufficiency and heart failure: prognostic and therapeutic implications from a prospective cohort study. Circulation 2004; 109:1004-1009.
37. O'Meara E, Chong KS, Gardner RS, et al. The Nodification of Diet in Renal Diaease (MDRD) equations provide valid estimations of glomerular filtration rates in patients with advanced heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2006; 8:63-67. This study of 45 patients with severe heart failure showed that the MDRD formula is more accurate than the Cockcroft-Gault equation in estimating GFR.
38. Coresh J, Astor BC, McQuillan G, et al. Calibration and randomvariation of the serum creatinine assay as critical elements of using equations to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39:920-929.
39. Stevens LA, Coresh J, Greene T, Levey AS. Assessing kidney function - Measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:2473-2483. This comprehensive review article discusses the various methods of estimating GFR and their clinical use.
40. Woodhouse S, Batten W, Hendrick H, Malek PA. The glomerular filtration rate: an important test for diagnosis, staging, and treatment of chronic kidney disease. Lab Med 2006; 37:244-247.
41. Go A, Chertow G, Fan D, et al. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:1296-1305.
42. Kinchen KS, Sadler J, Fink N, et al. The timing of specialist evaluation in chronic kidney disease and mortality. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137:479-486.
43. Obrador GT, Pereira BJG. Early referral to the nephrologist and timely initiation of renal replacement therapy: a paradigm shift in the management of patients with chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 31:398-417.
44. Bailie G, Uhlig K, Levey AS. Clinical practice guidelines in nephrology: Evaluation, classification, and stratification of chronic kidney disease. Pharmacotherapy 2005; 25:491-502. This is an important review article with a general overview summarizing the K/DOQI guidelines on CKD.