Soil characteristics and the accumulation of inorganic nitrogen in an arid urban ecosystem

Ecosystems

Volumn 9, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 711-724

  Zhu, Wei Xing ^a   Hope, Diane ^b   Gries, Corinna ^b   Grimm, Nancy B ^c  

^a BINGHAMTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Central Arizona Phoenix LTER; Land use; Nitrate; Nitrogen; Soil; Urban

Indexed keywords

ACCUMULATION RATE; BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; HUMAN ACTIVITY; IMMOBILIZATION; INORGANIC NITROGEN; SOIL NITROGEN; SOIL ORGANIC MATTER; SOIL WATER; URBAN ECOSYSTEM; URBANIZATION;

ARIZONA; NORTH AMERICA; PHOENIX; UNITED STATES;

EID: 33749139961     PISSN: 14329840     EISSN: 14350629     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10021-006-0078-1     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Aber J, McDowell W, Nadelhoffer K, Magill A, Berntson G, Kamakea M, McNulty S, Currie W, Rustad L, Fernandez I. 1998. Nitrogen saturation in temperate forest ecosystems: hypotheses revisited. Bioscience 48:921-34.
2. Baker LA, Hope D, Xu Y, Edmonds J, Lauver L. 2001. Nitrogen balance for the central Arizona-Phoenix (CAP) ecosystem. Ecosystems 4:582-602.
3. Boyle CA, Lavkulich L, Schreier H, Kiss E. 1997. Changes in land cover and subsequent effects on lower Fraser basin ecosystems from 1827 to 1990. Environ Manage 21:185-96.
4. Collins JP, Kinzig AP, Grimm NB, Fagan WB, Hope D, Wu J, Borer ET. 2000. A new urban ecology. Am Sci 88:416-25.
5. Effland WR, Pouyat RV. 1997. The genesis, classification, and mapping of soils in urban areas. Urban Ecosys 1:217-28.
6. Elliott ET, Heill JW, Kelly EF, Monger HC. 1999. Soil structural and other physical properties. In: Robertson GP, Coleman DC, Bledsoe CS, Sollins P, Eds. Standard soil methods for long-term ecological research. New York: Oxford University Press..
7. Ellis AW, Hildebrandt ML, Fernando HJS. 1999. Evidence of lower-atmospheric ozone "sloshing" in an urbanized valley. Phys Geogr 20:520-36.
8. Ellis BA, Verfaillie JR, Kummerow J. 1983. Nutrient gain from wet and dry atmospheric deposition and rainfall acidity in southern California chaparral. Oecologia 60:118-21.
9. Fenn ME, Haebuer R, Tonnesen GS, Baron JS, Grossman-Clarke S, Hope D, Jaffe DA, Copeland S, Geiser L, Rueth HM, Sickman JO. 2003a. Nitrogen emissions, deposition and monitoring in the Western United States. Bioscience 53:391-403.
10. Fenn ME, Baron JS, Allen EB, Rueth HM, Nydick KR, Geiser L, Bowman WD, Sickman JO, Meixner T, Johnson DW, Neitlich P. 2003b. Ecological effects of nitrogen deposition in the western United States. Bioscience 53:404-20.
11. Fisher SG, Grimm NB. 1985. Hydrologic and material budgets for a small Sonoran Desert watershed during three consecutive cloudburst floods. J Arid Environ 9:105-18.
12. Folke C, Jansson A, Larsson J, Costanza R. 1997. Ecosystem appropriation by cities. Ambio 26:167-72.
13. Grimm NB, Grove JM, Pickett STA, Redman CL. 2000. Integrated approaches to long-term studies of urban ecological systems. Bioscience 50:571-84.
14. Hope D, Gries C, Zhu W, Fagan WF, Redman CL, Grimm NB, Nelson AL, Martin C, Kinzig A. 2003. Socioeconomics drive urban plant diversity. Proc Nat Acad Sci 100:8788-92.
15. Hope D, Zhu W, Gries C, Oleson J, Kaye J, Grimm NB, Baker LA. 2005. Spatial variation in soil inorganic nitrogen across an arid urban ecosystem. Urban Ecosyst 8:251-273.
16. Howarth RW, Billen G, Swaney D, Townsend A, Jaworski N, Lajtha K, Downing JA, Elmgren R, Caroco N, Jordan T, Berendse F, Freney J, Kudeyarov V, Murdoch P, Zhu ZL. 1996. Regional nitrogen budget and riverine N & P fluxes for the drainages to the North Atlantic Ocean: natural and human influences. Biogeochemistry 35:75-139.
17. Lovett GM, Traynor MM, Pouyat RV, Carreiro MM, Zhu WX, Baxter JW. 2000. Atmospheric deposition to oak forests along an urban-rural gradient. Environ Sci Technol 34:4294-300.
18. Luck M, Wu JG. 2002. A gradient analysis of urban landscape pattern: a case study from the Phoenix metropolitan region, Arizona, USA. Lands Ecol 17:327-39.
19. Luck MA, Jenerette GD, Wu J, Grimm NB. 2001. The urban funnel model and the spatially heterogeneous ecological footprint. Ecosystems 4:782-96.
20. McDonnell MJ, Pickett STA. 1990. Ecosystem structure and function along urban-rural gradients: an unexploited opportunity for ecology. Ecology 71:1232-37.
21. McDonnell MJ, Pickett STA. 1993. Humans as components of ecosystems: the ecology of subtle human effects and populated areas. Berlin Heidelberg, New York: Springer.
22. McDonnell MJ, Pickett STA, Groffman P, Bohlen P, Pouyat RV, Zipperer WC, Parmelee RE, Carreiro MM, Medley K. 1997. Ecosystem processes along an urban-to-rural gradient. Urban Ecosyst 1:21-36.
23. Mun HT, Whitford WG. 1989. Effects of nitrogen amendment on annual plants in the Chihuahuan Desert. Plant Soil 120:225-31.
24. Padgett PE, Allen EB, Bytnerowicz A, Minich RA. 1999. Changes in soil inorganic nitrogen as related to atmospheric nitrogenous pollutants in southern California. Atmos Environ 33:769-81.
25. Paul EA, Clark FE. 1996. Soil microbiology and biochemistry. 2nd ed. New York: Academic.
26. Peterjohn WT, Schlesinger WH. 1990. Nitrogen loss from deserts in the southwestern United States. Biogeochemistry 10:67-79.
27. Peterjohn WT, Schlesinger WH. 1991. Factors controlling denitrification in a Chihuahuan desert ecosystem. Soil Sci Soc Am J 55:1694-701.
28. Peterson SA, Urquhart NS, Welch EB. 1999. Sample representativeness: a must for reliable regional lake condition estimates. Envrion Sci Technol 33:1559-65.
29. Pickett STA, Cadenasso ML, Grove JM, Nilon CH, Pouyat RV, Zipperer WC, Costanza R. 2001. Urban ecological systems: linking terrestrial ecological, physical, and socioeconomic components of Metropolitan areas. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 32:127-57.
30. Pouyat RV, Carreiro MM, McDonnell MJ, Pickett STA, Groffman PM, Parmelee RW, Medley KE, Zipperer WC. 1995. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in oak stands along an urban-rural gradient. In: McFee WW, Kelly JM, Eds. Carbon forms and function in forest soils. Madison (Wisconsin, USA): Soil Science Society America, pp 569-87.
31. Rebele F. 1994. Urban ecology and special features of urban ecosystems. Glob Ecol Biogeogr Lett 4:173-87.
32. Reynolds JF, Viginia RA, Kemp PR, de Soyza AG, Tremmel DC. 1999. Impact of drought on desert shrubs: effects of seasonality and degree of resource island development. Ecol Monogr 69:60-106.
33. Robertson GP, Wedin D, Groffman PM, Blair JM, Holland EA, Nadelhoffer KJ, Harris D. 1999. Soil carbon and nitrogen availability: nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, and soil respiration potentials. In: Robertson GP, Coleman DC, Bledsoe CS, Sollins P, Eds. Standard soil methods for long-term ecological research. New York: Oxford University Press.
34. Schlesinger WH, Gray JT, Gilliam FS. 1982. Atmospheric deposition processes and their importance as sources of nutrients in a chaparral ecosystem of southern California. Wat Res Res 18:623-29.
35. Schlesinger WH, Raikes JA, Hartley AE, Cross AF. 1996. On the spatial pattern of soil nutrients in desert ecosystems. Ecology 77:364-74.
36. Stevens DL Jr. 1997. Variable density grid-based sampling designs for continuous spatial populations. Environmetrics 8:167-95.
37. Townsend AR, Howarth RW, Bazzaz FA, Booth MS, Cleveland CC, Collinge SK, Dobson AP, Epstein PR, Keeney DR, Mallin MA, Rogers CA, Wayne P, Wolfe AH. 2003. Human health effects of a changing global nitrogen cycle. Front Ecol Environ 1:240-46.
38. Virginia RA, Jarrell WM, Franco-Vizcaino E. 1982. Direct measurement of denitrification in a Prosopis (Mesquite) dominated Sonoran desert ecosystem. Oecologia 53:120-22.
39. Vitousek PM, Mooney HA, Lubchenco J, Melillo JM. 1997. Human domination of earth's ecosystems. Science 277:494-9.
40. Walvoord MA, Phillips FM, Stonestrom DA, Evans RD, Hartsough PC, Newman BD, Striegl RG. 2003. A reservoir of nitrate beneath desert soils. Science 302:1021-24.
41. West NE, Klemmedson JO. 1978. Structural distribution of nitrogen in desert ecosystems. In: West NE, Skujins J, Eds. Nitrogen in desert ecosystems. Stroundsburg: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, pp 1-16.
42. Whitford WG. 2002. Ecology of desert systems. San Diego: Academic.
43. Zar JH. 1999. Biostatistical analysis. Upper Saddle River (New Jersey): Prentice Hall.
44. Zhu WX, Carriero MM. 2004. Temporal and spatial variations in nitrogen cycling in deciduous forest ecosystems along an urban-rural gradient. Soil Biol Biochem 36:267-78.
45. Zhu WX, Dillard ND, Grimm NB. 2004. Urban nitrogen biogeochemistry: status and processes in green retention basins. Biogeochemistry 71:177-96.
46. Zipperer WC, Wu J, Pouyat RV, Pickett STA. 2000. The application of ecological principles to urban and urbanization landscapes. Ecol Appl 10:685-88.