메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 143, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 877-889

Responses of American toad tadpoles to predation cues: Behavioural response thresholds, threat-sensitivity and acquired predation recognition

Author keywords

Alarm cues; Amphibians; Predator learning; Threat sensitivity

Indexed keywords

AMPHIBIA; ANAX; ANIMALIA; ANISOPTERA (DRAGONFLIES); ANURA; BUFO AMERICANUS;

EID: 33748939555     PISSN: 00057959     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/156853906778017926     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (102)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 0038241887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unsuccessful predation and learning of predator cues by crayfish
    • Acquistapace, P., Hazlett, B.A. & Gherardi, F. (2003). Unsuccessful predation and learning of predator cues by crayfish. - J. Crust. Biol. 23: 364-370.
    • (2003) J. Crust. Biol. , vol.23 , pp. 364-370
    • Acquistapace, P.1    Hazlett, B.A.2    Gherardi, F.3
  • 2
    • 0036193214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactions to potential predators in captive-born marmosets (Callithrix penicillata)
    • Barros, M., Boere, V., Mello, E.L. Jr. & Tomaz, C. (2002). Reactions to potential predators in captive-born marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) - Int. J. Primatol. 23: 443-454.
    • (2002) Int. J. Primatol. , vol.23 , pp. 443-454
    • Barros, M.1    Boere, V.2    Mello Jr., E.L.3    Tomaz, C.4
  • 3
    • 0032782170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical alarm signals and complex hatchery rearing habitats affect antipredator behavior and survival of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) juveniles
    • Berejikian, B.A., Smith, R.J.F., Tezak, E.P., Schroder, S.L. & Knudsen, C.M. (1999). Chemical alarm signals and complex hatchery rearing habitats affect antipredator behavior and survival of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) juveniles. - Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 56: 830-838.
    • (1999) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 830-838
    • Berejikian, B.A.1    Smith, R.J.F.2    Tezak, E.P.3    Schroder, S.L.4    Knudsen, C.M.5
  • 4
    • 0141727239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate and enhanced predator recognition in hatchery-reared chinook salmon
    • Berejikian, B.A., Tezak, E.P. & LaRae, A.L. (2003). Innate and enhanced predator recognition in hatchery-reared chinook salmon. - Environ. Biol. Fishes 67: 241-251.
    • (2003) Environ. Biol. Fishes , vol.67 , pp. 241-251
    • Berejikian, B.A.1    Tezak, E.P.2    Larae, A.L.3
  • 5
    • 33748930034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning as an adaptive response to predation
    • (Barbosa, P. & Castellanos, I., eds). Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Brown, G.E. & Chivers, D.P. (2005). Learning as an adaptive response to predation. In: Ecology of predator/prey interactions (Barbosa, P. & Castellanos, I., eds). Oxford University Press, Oxford, p. 34-54.
    • (2005) Ecology of Predator/prey Interactions , pp. 34-54
    • Brown, G.E.1    Chivers, D.P.2
  • 6
    • 0030303391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging trade-offs in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas, Osteichthyes, Cyprinidae): Acquired predator recognition in the absence of an alarm response
    • Brown, G.E. & Smith, R.J.F. (1996). Foraging trade-offs in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas, Osteichthyes, Cyprinidae): Acquired predator recognition in the absence of an alarm response. - Ethology 102: 776-785.
    • (1996) Ethology , vol.102 , pp. 776-785
    • Brown, G.E.1    Smith, R.J.F.2
  • 7
    • 0031875214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired predator recognition in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Conditioning hatchery-reared fish to recognize chemical cues of a predator
    • Brown, G.E. & Smith, R.J.F. (1998). Acquired predator recognition in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Conditioning hatchery-reared fish to recognize chemical cues of a predator. - Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55: 611-617.
    • (1998) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 611-617
    • Brown, G.E.1    Smith, R.J.F.2
  • 8
    • 0035721626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fathead minnows learn to recognize predator odour when exposed to concentrations of artificial alarm pheromone below their behavioural-response threshold
    • Brown, G.E., Adrian, J.C., Patton, T. & Chivers, D.P. (2001). Fathead minnows learn to recognize predator odour when exposed to concentrations of artificial alarm pheromone below their behavioural-response threshold. - Can. J. Zool. 79: 2239-2245.
    • (2001) Can. J. Zool. , vol.79 , pp. 2239-2245
    • Brown, G.E.1    Adrian, J.C.2    Patton, T.3    Chivers, D.P.4
  • 9
    • 0035079049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of predator-diet cues in the responses of larval woodfrogs to fish and invertebrate predators
    • Chivers, D.P. & Mirza, R.S. (2001). The importance of predator-diet cues in the responses of larval woodfrogs to fish and invertebrate predators. - J. Chem. Ecol. 27: 45-51.
    • (2001) J. Chem. Ecol. , vol.27 , pp. 45-51
    • Chivers, D.P.1    Mirza, R.S.2
  • 10
    • 0028161328 scopus 로고
    • The role of experience and chemical alarm signalling in predator recognition by fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas
    • Chivers, D.P. & Smith, R.J.F. (1994a). The role of experience and chemical alarm signalling in predator recognition by fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas. - J. Fish Biol. 44: 273-285.
    • (1994) J. Fish Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 273-285
    • Chivers, D.P.1    Smith, R.J.F.2
  • 11
    • 0028161333 scopus 로고
    • Fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, acquire predator recognition when alarm substance is associated with the sight of unfamiliar fish
    • Chivers, D.P. & Smith, R.J.F. (1994b). Fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, acquire predator recognition when alarm substance is associated with the sight of unfamiliar fish. - Anim. Behav. 48: 597-605.
    • (1994) Anim. Behav. , vol.48 , pp. 597-605
    • Chivers, D.P.1    Smith, R.J.F.2
  • 12
    • 0032415512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical alarm signalling in aquatic predator-prey systems: A review and prospectus
    • Chivers, D.P. & Smith, R.J.F. (1998). Chemical alarm signalling in aquatic predator-prey systems: a review and prospectus. - Écoscience 5: 338-352.
    • (1998) Écoscience , vol.5 , pp. 338-352
    • Chivers, D.P.1    Smith, R.J.F.2
  • 13
    • 0029124393 scopus 로고
    • Acquired recognition of chemical stimuli from pike, Esox lucius, by brook sticklebacks, Culaea inconstans (Osteichthyes, Gasterosteidae)
    • Chivers, D.P., Brown, G.E. & Smith, R.J.F. (1995). Acquired recognition of chemical stimuli from pike, Esox lucius, by brook sticklebacks, Culaea inconstans (Osteichthyes, Gasterosteidae). - Ethology 99: 234-242.
    • (1995) Ethology , vol.99 , pp. 234-242
    • Chivers, D.P.1    Brown, G.E.2    Smith, R.J.F.3
  • 14
    • 0034888343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threat-sensitive predator avoidance by slimy sculpins: Understanding the role of visual versus chemical information
    • Chivers, D.P., Mirza, R.S., Bryer, P.J. & Kiesecker, J.M. (2001). Threat-sensitive predator avoidance by slimy sculpins: understanding the role of visual versus chemical information. - Can. J. Zool. 79: 867-873.
    • (2001) Can. J. Zool. , vol.79 , pp. 867-873
    • Chivers, D.P.1    Mirza, R.S.2    Bryer, P.J.3    Kiesecker, J.M.4
  • 15
    • 3042784904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of northern redbelly dace, Phoxinus eos, to chemical alarm cues
    • Dupuch, A., Magnan, P. & Dill, L.M. (2004). Sensitivity of northern redbelly dace, Phoxinus eos, to chemical alarm cues. - Can. J. Zool. 82: 407-415.
    • (2004) Can. J. Zool. , vol.82 , pp. 407-415
    • Dupuch, A.1    Magnan, P.2    Dill, L.M.3
  • 16
    • 29444431615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning threat-sensitive predator avoidance: How do fathead minnows incorporate conflicting information?
    • Ferrari, M.C.O. & Chivers, D.P. (2006a). Learning threat-sensitive predator avoidance: how do fathead minnows incorporate conflicting information? - Anim. Behav. 71: 19-26.
    • (2006) Anim. Behav. , vol.71 , pp. 19-26
    • Ferrari, M.C.O.1    Chivers, D.P.2
  • 17
    • 33745907819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of latent inhibition in acquired predator recognition by fathead minnows
    • Ferrari, M.C.O. & Chivers, D.P. (2006b). The role of latent inhibition in acquired predator recognition by fathead minnows. - Can. J. Zool. 84: 505-509.
    • (2006) Can. J. Zool. , vol.84 , pp. 505-509
    • Ferrari, M.C.O.1    Chivers, D.P.2
  • 18
    • 26244434546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of leaning in the development of threat-sensitive predator avoidance in fathead minnows
    • Ferrari, M.C.O., Trowell, J.J., Brown, G.E. & Chivers, D.P. (2005). The role of leaning in the development of threat-sensitive predator avoidance in fathead minnows. - Anim. Behav. 70: 777-784.
    • (2005) Anim. Behav. , vol.70 , pp. 777-784
    • Ferrari, M.C.O.1    Trowell, J.J.2    Brown, G.E.3    Chivers, D.P.4
  • 19
    • 0000396128 scopus 로고
    • A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification
    • Gosner, K.L. (1960). A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification. - Herpetologica 16: 183-190.
    • (1960) Herpetologica , vol.16 , pp. 183-190
    • Gosner, K.L.1
  • 20
    • 0035587946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate predator-recognition in Australian brush-turkey (Alectura lathami, Megapodiidae) hatchlings
    • Goth, A. (2001). Innate predator-recognition in Australian brush-turkey (Alectura lathami, Megapodiidae) hatchlings. - Behaviour 138: 117-136.
    • (2001) Behaviour , vol.138 , pp. 117-136
    • Goth, A.1
  • 21
    • 0034807769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning specificity in acquired predator recognition
    • Griffin, A.S., Evans, C.S. & Blumstein, D.T. (2001). Learning specificity in acquired predator recognition. - Anim. Behav. 62: 577-589.
    • (2001) Anim. Behav. , vol.62 , pp. 577-589
    • Griffin, A.S.1    Evans, C.S.2    Blumstein, D.T.3
  • 22
    • 13244249841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate predator recognition in newly-hatched Atlantic salmon
    • Hawkins, L.A., Magurran, A.E. & Armstrong, J.D. (2004). Innate predator recognition in newly-hatched Atlantic salmon. - Behaviour 141: 1249-1262.
    • (2004) Behaviour , vol.141 , pp. 1249-1262
    • Hawkins, L.A.1    Magurran, A.E.2    Armstrong, J.D.3
  • 23
    • 0141615601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator recognition and learned irrelevance in the crayfish Orconectes virilis
    • Hazlett, B.A. (2003). Predator recognition and learned irrelevance in the crayfish Orconectes virilis. - Ethology 109: 765-780.
    • (2003) Ethology , vol.109 , pp. 765-780
    • Hazlett, B.A.1
  • 24
    • 0024567941 scopus 로고
    • Threat-sensitive predator avoidance in damselfish-trumpetfish interactions
    • Helfman, G.S. (1989). Threat-sensitive predator avoidance in damselfish-trumpetfish interactions. - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 24: 47-58.
    • (1989) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.24 , pp. 47-58
    • Helfman, G.S.1
  • 25
    • 0028176828 scopus 로고
    • Survival strategies of the salamander Desmognathus ochrophaeus: Interaction of predator-avoidance and anti-predator mechanisms
    • Hileman, K.S. & Brodie, E.D. Jr. (1994). Survival strategies of the salamander Desmognathus ochrophaeus: interaction of predator-avoidance and anti-predator mechanisms. - Anim. Behav. 47: 1-6.
    • (1994) Anim. Behav. , vol.47 , pp. 1-6
    • Hileman, K.S.1    Brodie Jr., E.D.2
  • 26
    • 0032418183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The scent of death: Chemosensory assessment of predation risk by prey animals
    • Kats, L.B. & Dill, L.M. (1998). The scent of death: Chemosensory assessment of predation risk by prey animals. - Ecoscience 5: 361-394.
    • (1998) Ecoscience , vol.5 , pp. 361-394
    • Kats, L.B.1    Dill, L.M.2
  • 27
    • 0024188355 scopus 로고
    • Antipredator defenses and the persistence of amphibian larvae with fishes
    • Kats, L.B., Petranka, J.W. & Sih, A. (1988). Antipredator defenses and the persistence of amphibian larvae with fishes. - Ecology 69: 1865-1870.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1865-1870
    • Kats, L.B.1    Petranka, J.W.2    Sih, A.3
  • 28
    • 0030613598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population differences in responses of red-legged frogs (Rana aurora) to introduced bullfrogs
    • Kiesecker, J.M. & Blaustein, A.R. (1997). Population differences in responses of red-legged frogs (Rana aurora) to introduced bullfrogs. - Ecology 78: 1752-1760.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 1752-1760
    • Kiesecker, J.M.1    Blaustein, A.R.2
  • 29
    • 0030303248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of chemical cues in predator recognition by western toad tadpoles
    • Kiesecker, J.M., Chivers, D.P. & Blaustein, A.R. (1996). The use of chemical cues in predator recognition by western toad tadpoles. - Anim. Behav. 52: 1237-1245.
    • (1996) Anim. Behav. , vol.52 , pp. 1237-1245
    • Kiesecker, J.M.1    Chivers, D.P.2    Blaustein, A.R.3
  • 30
    • 0025252617 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural decisions made under the risk of predation: A review and prospective
    • Lima, S.L. & Dill, L.M. (1990). Behavioural decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospective. - Can. J. Zool. 68: 619-640.
    • (1990) Can. J. Zool. , vol.68 , pp. 619-640
    • Lima, S.L.1    Dill, L.M.2
  • 31
    • 0033400471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of predator avoidance by salamanders using chemical cues: Diet and diel effects
    • Madison, D.M., Maerz, J.C. & McDarby, J.D. (1999). Optimization of predator avoidance by salamanders using chemical cues: diet and diel effects. - Ethology 105: 1073-1086.
    • (1999) Ethology , vol.105 , pp. 1073-1086
    • Madison, D.M.1    Maerz, J.C.2    McDarby, J.D.3
  • 32
    • 0028983275 scopus 로고
    • Historical and experimental learned predator recognition in free-living New Zealand robins
    • Maloney, R.F. & McLean, I.G. (1995). Historical and experimental learned predator recognition in free-living New Zealand robins. - Anim. Behav. 50: 1193-1201.
    • (1995) Anim. Behav. , vol.50 , pp. 1193-1201
    • Maloney, R.F.1    McLean, I.G.2
  • 33
    • 0345832091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of pumpkinseed sunfish to conspecific chemical alarm cues: An interaction between ontogeny and stimulus concentration
    • Marcus, J.M. & Brown, G.E. (2003). Response of pumpkinseed sunfish to conspecific chemical alarm cues: an interaction between ontogeny and stimulus concentration. - Can. J. Zool. 81: 1671-1677.
    • (2003) Can. J. Zool. , vol.81 , pp. 1671-1677
    • Marcus, J.M.1    Brown, G.E.2
  • 34
    • 0037319689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do experience and body size play a role in responses of larval ringed salamanders, Ambystoma annulatum, to predator kairomones? Laboratory and field assays
    • Mathis, A., Murray, K.L. & Hickman, C.R. (2003). Do experience and body size play a role in responses of larval ringed salamanders, Ambystoma annulatum, to predator kairomones? Laboratory and field assays. - Ethology 109: 159-170.
    • (2003) Ethology , vol.109 , pp. 159-170
    • Mathis, A.1    Murray, K.L.2    Hickman, C.R.3
  • 35
    • 0345698764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching predator-recognition to a naive bird: Implications for management
    • McLean, I.G., Holzer, C. & Studholme, B.J.S. (1999). Teaching predator-recognition to a naive bird: Implications for management. - Biol. Conserv. 87: 123-130.
    • (1999) Biol. Conserv. , vol.87 , pp. 123-130
    • McLean, I.G.1    Holzer, C.2    Studholme, B.J.S.3
  • 36
    • 0034551945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning for life: Training marsupials to recognize introduced predators
    • McLean, I.G., Schmitt, M.T., Jarmam, P.J., Duncan, C. & Wynne, C.D.L. (2000). Learning for life: training marsupials to recognize introduced predators. - Behaviour 137: 1361-1376.
    • (2000) Behaviour , vol.137 , pp. 1361-1376
    • McLean, I.G.1    Schmitt, M.T.2    Jarmam, P.J.3    Duncan, C.4    Wynne, C.D.L.5
  • 37
    • 0034488984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator-training enhances survival of brook trout: Evidence from laboratory and field enclosure studies
    • Mirza, R.S. & Chivers, D.P. (2000). Predator-training enhances survival of brook trout: evidence from laboratory and field enclosure studies. - Can. J. Zool. 78: 2198-2208.
    • (2000) Can. J. Zool. , vol.78 , pp. 2198-2208
    • Mirza, R.S.1    Chivers, D.P.2
  • 38
    • 0035205978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical alarm signals enhance survival of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) during encounters with chain pickerel (Esox niger)
    • Mirza, R.S. & Chivers, D.P. (2001). Chemical alarm signals enhance survival of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) during encounters with chain pickerel (Esox niger). - Ethology 107: 989-1006.
    • (2001) Ethology , vol.107 , pp. 989-1006
    • Mirza, R.S.1    Chivers, D.P.2
  • 39
    • 0033005648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived predation risk as a function of predator dietary cues in terrestrial salamanders
    • Murray, D.L. & Jenkins, C.L. (1999). Perceived predation risk as a function of predator dietary cues in terrestrial salamanders. - Anim. Behav. 57: 33-39.
    • (1999) Anim. Behav. , vol.57 , pp. 33-39
    • Murray, D.L.1    Jenkins, C.L.2
  • 40
    • 0033048983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threat-sensitive predator avoidance by larval Pacific treefrogs (Amphibia, Hylidae)
    • Puttlitz, M.H., Chivers, D.P., Kiesecker, J.M. & Blaustein, A.R. (1999). Threat-sensitive predator avoidance by larval Pacific treefrogs (Amphibia, Hylidae). - Ethology 105: 449-456.
    • (1999) Ethology , vol.105 , pp. 449-456
    • Puttlitz, M.H.1    Chivers, D.P.2    Kiesecker, J.M.3    Blaustein, A.R.4
  • 41
    • 0032414326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemically-mediated predator-recognition learning in a marine gastropod
    • Rochelte, R., Arsenault, D.J., Justome, B. & Himmelman, J.H. (1998). Chemically-mediated predator-recognition learning in a marine gastropod. - Ecoscience 5: 353-360.
    • (1998) Ecoscience , vol.5 , pp. 353-360
    • Rochelte, R.1    Arsenault, D.J.2    Justome, B.3    Himmelman, J.H.4
  • 42
    • 13244292535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality or quantity? the role of donor condition in the production of chemical alarm cues in juvenile convict cichlids
    • Roh, E., Mirza, R.S. & Brown, G.E. (2004). Quality or quantity? The role of donor condition in the production of chemical alarm cues in juvenile convict cichlids. - Behaviour 141: 1235-1248.
    • (2004) Behaviour , vol.141 , pp. 1235-1248
    • Roh, E.1    Mirza, R.S.2    Brown, G.E.3
  • 43
    • 0026592755 scopus 로고
    • Modification of anti-predator behaviour in tadpoles by environmental conditioning
    • Semlitsch, R.D. & Ryer, H-U. (1992). Modification of anti-predator behaviour in tadpoles by environmental conditioning. - J. Anim. Ecol. 61: 353-360.
    • (1992) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.61 , pp. 353-360
    • Semlitsch, R.D.1    Ryer, H.-U.2
  • 44
    • 0034098569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights on how temporal variation in predation risk shapes prey behaviour
    • Sih, A., Ziemba, R. & Harding, K.C. (2000). New insights on how temporal variation in predation risk shapes prey behaviour. - Trends Ecol. Evol. 15: 3-4.
    • (2000) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.15 , pp. 3-4
    • Sih, A.1    Ziemba, R.2    Harding, K.C.3
  • 45
    • 0025593675 scopus 로고
    • Alarm reaction in acquisition and social transmission of simulated predator recognition by zebra danio fish (Brachydanio rerio)
    • Suboski, M.D., Bain, S., Carty, A.E., McQuoid, L.M., Seelen, M.I. & Seifert, M. (1990). Alarm reaction in acquisition and social transmission of simulated predator recognition by zebra danio fish (Brachydanio rerio). - J. Comp. Psych. 104: 101-112.
    • (1990) J. Comp. Psych. , vol.104 , pp. 101-112
    • Suboski, M.D.1    Bain, S.2    Carty, A.E.3    McQuoid, L.M.4    Seelen, M.I.5    Seifert, M.6
  • 46
    • 10644252901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in the antipredator responses of three sympatric plethodontid salamanders to predator-diet cues
    • Sullivan, A.M., Madison, D.M. & Rohr, J.R. (2004). Variation in the antipredator responses of three sympatric plethodontid salamanders to predator-diet cues. - Herpetologica 60: 401-408.
    • (2004) Herpetologica , vol.60 , pp. 401-408
    • Sullivan, A.M.1    Madison, D.M.2    Rohr, J.R.3
  • 48
    • 0034703856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for innate predator recognition in the Seychelles warbler
    • Veen, T., Richardson, D.S., Blaakmeer, K. & Komdeur, J. (2000). Experimental evidence for innate predator recognition in the Seychelles warbler. - Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 267: 2253-2258.
    • (2000) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B , vol.267 , pp. 2253-2258
    • Veen, T.1    Richardson, D.S.2    Blaakmeer, K.3    Komdeur, J.4
  • 49
    • 0035043531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motion, not shape, facilitates association of predation risk with novel objects by fathead minnows Pimephales promelas
    • Wisenden, B.D. & Harter, K.R. (2001). Motion, not shape, facilitates association of predation risk with novel objects by fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). - Ethology 107: 357-364.
    • (2001) Ethology , vol.107 , pp. 357-364
    • Wisenden, B.D.1    Harter, K.R.2
  • 50
    • 0035179513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aquatic flatworms use chemical cues from injured conspecifics to assess predation risk and to associate risk with novel cues
    • Wisenden, B.D. & Millard, M.C. (2001). Aquatic flatworms use chemical cues from injured conspecifics to assess predation risk and to associate risk with novel cues. - Anim. Behav. 62: 761-766.
    • (2001) Anim. Behav. , vol.62 , pp. 761-766
    • Wisenden, B.D.1    Millard, M.C.2
  • 51
    • 0030951533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learned recognition of predation risk by Enallagma damselfly larvae (Odonata, Zygoptera) on the basis of chemical cues
    • Wisenden, B.D., Chivers, D.P. & Smith, R.J.F. (1997). Learned recognition of predation risk by Enallagma damselfly larvae (Odonata, Zygoptera) on the basis of chemical cues. J. Chem. Ecol. 23: 137-151.
    • (1997) J. Chem. Ecol. , vol.23 , pp. 137-151
    • Wisenden, B.D.1    Chivers, D.P.2    Smith, R.J.F.3
  • 52
    • 0032583485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired recognition of chemical stimuli from an unfamiliar predator: Associative learning by adult newts, Notophthalmus viridescens
    • Woody, D.R. & Mathis, A. (1998). Acquired recognition of chemical stimuli from an unfamiliar predator: Associative learning by adult newts, Notophthalmus viridescens. Copeia 1998: 1027-1031.
    • (1998) Copeia , vol.1998 , pp. 1027-1031
    • Woody, D.R.1    Mathis, A.2
  • 53
    • 29444434231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of juvenile goldfish (Carassius auratus) to chemical alarm cues: Relationship between response intensity, response duration and the level of predation risk
    • (Mason, R.T., LeMaster, M. & Müller-Schwarze, D., eds). Plenum Press, New York
    • Zhao, X. & Chivers, D.R (2005). Response of juvenile goldfish (Carassius auratus) to chemical alarm cues: relationship between response intensity, response duration and the level of predation risk. - Chemical signals in vertebrates, Volume 10 (Mason, R.T., LeMaster, M. & Müller-Schwarze, D., eds). Plenum Press, New York, p. 334-341.
    • (2005) Chemical Signals in Vertebrates , vol.10 , pp. 334-341
    • Zhao, X.1    Chivers, D.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.