The bacterial cell wall: The armor, artillery, and Achilles heel

Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice

Volumn 14, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 309-317

  Bower, Sam ^a   Rosenthal, Ken S ^b  

^a Geneva College   (United States)

^b NORTHEAST OHIO MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BACTERIUM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; COLISTIN; DAPTOMYCIN; MELITTIN; PEPTIDOGLYCAN; POLYMYXIN; TEICHOIC ACID; VIRULENCE FACTOR;

BACTERIAL CELL WALL; BACTERIAL GROWTH; BACTERIAL MEMBRANE; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; CELL COMPOSITION; CELL DISRUPTION; CELL INVASION; CELL STRUCTURE; GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIUM; IMMUNITY; INNATE IMMUNITY; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENICITY; REVIEW;

EID: 33748803904     PISSN: 10569103     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.idc.0000240862.74564.57     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. Graumann PL. Cytoskeletal elements in bacteria. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2004;7:565-571.
2. Izard J, McEwen BF, Barnard RM, et al. Tomographic reconstruction of treponemal cytoplasmic filaments reveals novel bridging and anchoring components. Mol Microbiol. 2003;51:609-618.
3. Lopez-Carballido R, Errington J. A dynamic bacterial cytoskeleton. Trends Cell Biol. 2003;13:11.
4. Herwald H, Morgelin M, Dahlback B, et al. Interactions between surface proteins for Streptococcus pyogenes and coagulation factors modulate clotting of human plasma. J Thromb Haemost. 2003;1:284-291.
5. Courtney HS, Hasty DL, Dale JB. Anti-phagocytic mechanisms of Streptococcus pyogenes: binding of fibrinogen to M-related protein. Mol Microbiol. 2006;59:936-947.
6. Giannakis E, Male DA, Ornmsby RJ, et al. Multiple ligand binding sites on domain seven of human complement factor H. Int Immunopharmacol. 2001;1:433-443.
7. Palmer T, Berks BC. Moving folded proteins across the bacterial cell membrane. Microbiology. 2003;149:547-556.
8. Walters M, Sperandio V. Quorum sensing in Escherichia coli and salmonella. Int J Med Microbiol. 2006;296:125-131.
9. Butler SM, Camilli A. Going against the grain: chemotaxis and infection in Vibrio cholerae. Nature Rev Microbiol. 2005;3:611-620.
10. Dhar SK, Soni RK, Das BK, et al. Molecular mechanisms of action of major Helicobacter pylori virulence factors. Mol Cell Biochem. 2003;253:207-215.
11. Rosenthal KS. Are microbial symptoms "self-inflicted"? The consequences of immunopathology. Infect Dis Clin Prac. 2005;13:306-311.
12. Pizarro-Cerda J, Cossart P. Bacterial adhesion and entry into host cells. Cell. 2006;124:715-727.
13. Banerjee A, Ghosh SK. The role of pilin glycan in neisserial pathogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem. 2003;253:179-190.
14. Bisno AL, Brito MO, Collins CM. Molecular basis of group A streptococcal virulence. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003;3:191-200.
15. Cameron CE, Brown EL, Kuroiwa JMY, et al. Treponema pallidum fibronectin-binding proteins. J Bacteriol. 2004;186:7019-7022.
16. Gotz F. Staphylococcus and biofilms. Mol Microbiol. 2002;46.6:1367-1378.
17. Raffa RB, Iannuzzo JR, Levine DR, et al. Bacterial communication ("quorum sensing") via ligands and receptors: a novel pharmacologic target for the design of antibiotic drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005;312:417-423.
18. van Wely HM, Swaving J, Freudl R, et al. Translocation of proteins across the cell envelope of gram positive bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2001;25:437-454.
19. Desvaux M, Parham NJ, Scott-Tucker A, et al. The general secretory pathway: a general misnomer? Trends Microbiol. 2004;12:7.
20. Delepelaire P. Type I secretion in gram-negative bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004;1694:149-161.
21. Johnson TL, Abendroth J, Hol WGJ, et al. Type II secretion: from structure to function. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2006;255:175-186.
22. Sandkvist M. Type II secretion and pathogenesis. Infect Immun. 2001;69(6):3523-3535.
23. Smith AM, Guzman CA, Walker MJ. The virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis: a matter of control. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2001;25:309-333.
24. Backert S, Meyer TF. Type IV secretion systems and their effectors in bacterial pathogenesis. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2006;9:207-217.
25. Desvaux M, Parham NJ, Henderson IR. The autotransporter secretion system. Res Microbiol. 2004;155:53-60.
26. Mota LJ, Sorg I, Cornelis GR. Type III secretion: the bacterialeukaryotic cell express. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2005;252:1-10.
27. Yip CK, Strynadka NCJ. New Insights into the bacterial type III secretion system. Trends Biochem Sci. 2006;31:4.
28. Journet L, Hughes KT, Cornelis GR. Type III secretion: a secretory pathway serving both motility and virulence. Mol Membr Biol. 2005;22:41-50.
29. Abe A, Matsuzawa T, Kuwae A. Type-III effectors: sophisticated bacterial virulence factors. CR Biologies. 2005;328:413-428.
30. Cornelis GR. Yersinia type III secretion: send in the effectors. J Cell Biol. 2002;158:401-408.
31. Zaharik ML, Gruenheid S, Perrin AJ, et al. Delivery of dangerous goods: type III secretion in enteric pathogens. Int J Med Microbiol. 2002;291:593-603.
32. Schlumberger MC, Hardt WD. Salmonella type III secretion effectors: pulling the host cell's strings. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2006;9:46-54.
33. Gouin E, Welch MD, Cossart P. Actin-based motility of intracellular pathogens. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2005;8(1):34-45.
34. Hernday Aaron, Braaten Bruce, Low David. The intricate workings of a bacterial epigenetic switch. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2004;547:83-89.
35. Hansen-Wester I, Hensel M. Salmonella pathogenicity islands encoding type III secretion systems. Microbes Infect. 2001;3:549-559.
36. Storm DR, Rosenthal KS, Swanson PE. The polymyxins and related peptide antibiotics. Ann Rev Biochem. 1977;46:723-763.
37. Ganz T. Defensins: antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003;3:710-720.
38. Oppenheim JJ, Biragyn A, Kwak LW, et al. Roles of antimicrobial peptides such as defensins in innate and adaptive immunity. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003;62:17-21.
39. Brogden KA. Antimicrobial peptides: pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria? Nat Microbiol Rev. 2005;3:238-250.
40. Price CTD, Singh VK, Jayaswal RK, et al. Pine oil cleaner-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and oxacillin and involvement of SigB. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002;68(11):5417-5421.
41. Davis AO, O'Leary JO, Muthaiyan A, et al. Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus mutants expressing reduced susceptibility to common house-cleaners. J Appl Microbiol. 2005;98:364-372.