Effects of perceptual load on startle reflex modification at a long lead interval

Psychophysiology

Volumn 43, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 498-503

  Thorne, Gary L ^a,c   Dawson, Michael E ^a   Schell, Anne M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b OCCIDENTAL COLLEGE   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Arousal; Attention; Attentional modulation; Perceptual load; Startle eyeblink; Task demand

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ACOUSTIC REFLEX; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; ATTENTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EYELID REFLEX; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; PERCEPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STARTLE REFLEX; TASK PERFORMANCE; VISUAL STIMULATION;

EID: 33748569464     PISSN: 00485772     EISSN: 14698986     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00420.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Anthony, B. J., Butler, G. H., & Putnam, L. E. (1978). Probe-startle inhibition during HR deceleration in a forewarned RT paradigm. Psychophysiology, 15(Suppl.), S285.
2. Anthony, B. J., & Graham, F. K. (1985). Blink reflex modification by selective attention: Evidence for the modulation of 'automatic' processing. Biological Psychology, 21, 43-59.
3. Berg, W. K., & Balaban, M. T. (1999). Startle elicitation: Stimulus parameters, recording techniques, and quantification. In M. E. Dawson, A. M. Schell, & A. H. Böhmelt (Eds.), Startle modification: Implications for neuroscience, cognitive science, and clinical science (pp. 21-50). New York: Cambridge University Press.
4. Bernstein, A. S., Taylor, K. W., Weinstein, E., & Riedel, J. (1985). The effect of stimulus significance on relatively sustained (tonic-like) and relatively transient (phasic-like) aspects of electrodermal, heart rate, and eyeblink response. Biological Psychology, 21, 183-228.
5. Blumenthal, T. D. (1999). Short lead interval startle modification. In M. E. Dawson, A. M. Schell, & A. H. Böhmelt (Eds.), Startle modification: Implications for neuroscience, cognitive science, and clinical science (pp. 51-71). New York: Cambridge University Press.
6. Blumenthal, T. D., Cuthbert, B. N., Filion, D. L., Hackley, S., Lipp, O. V., & Van Boxtel, A. (2005). Committee report: Guidelines for human startle eyeblink electromyographic studies. Psychophysiology, 42, 1-15.
7. Böhmelt, A. H., Schell, A. M., & Dawson, M. E. (1999). Attentional modulation of short- and long-lead-interval modification of the acoustic startle eyeblink response: Comparing auditory and visual prestimuli. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 32, 239-250.
8. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
9. Filion, D. L., Dawson, M. E., & Schell, A. M. (1993). Modification of the acoustic startle-reflex eyeblink: A tool for investigating early and late attentional processes. Biological Psychology, 35, 185-200.
10. Goldstein, R., Bauer, L. O., & Stern, J. A. (1992). Effect of task difficulty and interstimulus interval on blink parameters. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 13, 111-118.
11. Graham, F. K. (1975). The more or less startling effects of weak prestimulation. Psychophysiology, 12, 238-248.
12. Hazlett, E. A., Dawson, M. E., Schell, A. M., & Nuechterlein, K. H. (2001). Attentional stages of information processing during a continuous performance test: A startle modification analysis. Psychophysiology, 38, 669-677.
13. Jennings, P. D., Schell, A. M., Filion, D. L., & Dawson, M. E. (1996). Tracking early and late stages of information processing: Contributions of startle eyeblink reflex modification. Psychophysiology, 33, 148-155.
14. Kahneman, D., Tursky, B., Shapiro, D., & Crider, A. (1968). Pupillary, heart rate, and skin resistance changes during a mental task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 79, 164-167.
15. Kramer, A. F., & Weber, T. (2000). Applications of psychophysiology to human factors. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary, & G. G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of psychophysiology (2nd ed, pp. 784-814). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
16. Lavie, N. (1995). Perceptual load as a necessary condition for selective attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 21, 451-468.
17. Lavie, N., & De Fockert, J. W. (2003). Contrasting effects of sensory limits and capacity limits in visual selective attention. Perception and Psychophysics, 65, 202-212.
18. Lavie, N., & Tsal, Y. (1994). Perceptual load as a major determinant of the locus of selection in visual attention. Perception and Psychophysics, 56, 183-197.
19. Lipp, O. V., & Hardwick, S. A. (2003). Attentional blink modulation in a reaction time task: Performance feedback, warning stimulus modality, and task difficulty. Biological Psychology, 62, 115-132.
20. Lipp, O. V., & Neumann, D. L. (2004). Attentional blink reflex modulation in a continuous performance task is modality specific. Psychophysiology, 41, 417-425.
21. Lipp, O. V., Neumann, D. L., Pretorius, N. R., & McHugh, M. J. (2003). Attentional blink modulation during sustained and after discrete lead stimuli presented in three sensory modalities. Psychophysiology, 40, 285-290.
22. Lipp, O. V., Siddle, D. A. T., & Dall, P. J. (1997). The effect of emotional and attentional processes on blink startle modulation and on electrodermal responses. Psychophysiology, 34, 340-347.
23. Lipp, O. V., Siddle, D. A. T., & Dall, P. J. (1998). Effects of stimulus modality and task condition on blink startle modification and on electrodermal responses. Psychophysiology, 35, 452-461.
24. Lipp, O. V., Siddle, D. A. T., & Dall, P. J. (2000). The effect of warning stimulus modality on blink startle modification in reaction time tasks. Psychophysiology, 37, 55-64.
25. Neumann, D. L. (2002). Effect of varying levels of mental workload on startle eyeblink modulation. Ergonomics, 45, 583-602.
26. Neumann, D. L., Lipp, O. V., & McHugh, M. J. (2004). The effect of stimulus modality and task difficulty on attentional modulation of startle blink. Psychophysiology, 41, 407-416.
27. Putnam, L. E. (1990). Great expectations: Anticipatory responses of the heart and brain. In R. Johnson, J. W. Rohrbaugh, R. Parasuraman, & R. J. Johnson (Eds.), Event-related brain potentials: Basic issues and applications (pp. 109-129). New York: Oxford University Press.
28. Putnam, L. E., & Meiss, D. A. (1980). Reflex inhibition during HR deceleration: Selective attention or motor interference? Psychophysiology, 17(Suppl.), S324.
29. Putnam, L. E., & Vanman, E. J. (1999). Long lead interval startle modification. In M. E. Dawson, A. M. Schell, & A. H. Böhmelt (Eds.), Startle modification: Inplications for neuroscience, cognitive science, and clinical science (pp. 72-92). New York: Cambridge University Press.
30. Rissling, A. J., Dawson, M. E., Schell, A. M., & Nuechterlein, K. H. (2005). Effects of perceptual processing demands on startle eyeblink modification. Psychophysiology, 42, 440-446.
31. Simons, R. F., & Zelson, M. F. (1985). Engaging visual stimuli and reflex blink modification. Psychophysiology, 22, 44-49.
32. Van Boxtel, A., Damen, E. J. P., & Brunia, C. H. M. (1996). Anticipatory EMG responses of pericranial muscles in relation to heart rate during a warned simple reaction time task. Psychophysiology, 33, 576-583.
33. Vanman, E. J., Böhmelt, A. H., Dawson, M. E., & Schell, A. M. (1996). The varying time courses of attentional and affective modulation of the startle eyeblink reflex. Psychophysiology, 33, 691-697.
34. Wilcox, R. R. (2005). New methods for comparing groups: Strategies for increasing the probability of detecting true differences. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 272-275.
35. Zelson, M. F., & Simons, R. F. (1986). Sustained attention in type A and type B subjects: A blink reflex analysis. Psychophysiology, 23, 385-392.