Neuroethical responsibilities;Responsabilités neuroéthiques

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences

Volumn 33, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 260-277

  Racine, Eric ^a,b   Illes, Judy ^a,c  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b CLIN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MONTREAL   (Canada)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COGNITION; MEDICAL ETHICS; NEUROPHARMACOLOGY; NEUROSCIENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; TRAINING;

EID: 33748469501     PISSN: 03171671     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100005138     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Illes J, Racine E. Imaging or imagining? A neuroethics challenge informed by genetics. Am J of Bioeth. 2005; 5(2):5-18.
2. Abbott A. Deep in thought. Nature 2005; 436:18-9.
3. Ausman JI. I told you it was going to happen. Surg Neurol. 2004; 61:313-4.
4. Garland B. Neuroscience and the law: Brain, mind and the scales of justice. Washington, DC: The American Association for the Advancement of Science and The Dana Foundation; 2004.
5. Gura T. Big plans for little brains. Nature. 2005; 435:1156-8.
6. Editorial. Open your mind. The Economist; May 23, 2002.
7. Editorial. Sex, race and brain-scanning. The Economist; July 28, 2001.
8. Editorial. Brain scam? Nat Neurosci. 2004; 77:683.
9. Desmond JE, Chen SHA. Ethical issues in the clinical application of fMRI: factors affecting the validity and interpretation of activations. Brain Cogn. 2002; 50:482-97.
10. Illes J, Racine E, Kirschen MP. A picture is worth a thousand words, but which one thousand? In: Illes J, editor. Neuroethics: defining the issues in research, practice and policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2005. p.149-68.
11. Katzman GL, Dagher AP, Patronas NJ. Incidental findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging from 1000 asymptomatic volunteers. JAMA. 1999; 281:36-9.
12. Kim BS, Illes J, Kaplan RT, Reiss A, Atlas SW. Incidental findings on pediatric MR images of the brain. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2002; 23:1674-7.
13. Weber F, Knopf H. Incidental findings in magnetic resonance imaging of the brains of healthy young men. J Neurol Sci. 2006; 210:81-4.
14. Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States. Statistical report: Primary brain tumors in the United States, 1997-2001. Hinsdale, II: Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; 2004.
15. Illes J, Desmond JE, Huang LF, Raffin TA, Atlas SW. Ethical and practical considerations in managing incidental findings in functional magnetic resonance imaging. Brain Cogn. 2002; 50:358-65.
16. Mazziotta JC. Window on the brain. Archives of Neurology 2000; 57:1413-21.
17. Toga AW. Imaging databases and neuroscience. The Neuroscientist. 2002; 85:423-36.
18. Olson S. Brain scans raise privacy concerns. Science. 2005; 307:1548-50.
19. Editorial. Scanning the social brain. Nat Neurosci. 2003; 6:1239.
20. Pezawas L, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Drabant EM, Verchinski BA, Munoz KE, Kolachana BS, et al. 5-HTTLPR polymorphism impacts human cingulate-amygdala interactions: a genetic susceptibility mechanism for depression. Nat Neurosci. 2005; 8:828-34.
21. Hyman SE. Diagnosing disorders. Sci Am. 2003; Sep:96-103.
22. Rosen AC, Bodke ALW, Pearl A, Yesavage JA. Ethical, and practical issues in applying functional imaging to the clinical management of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Cogn. 2002; 50:498-519.
23. Illes J, Kann D, Karetsky K, Letourneau P, Raffin TA, Schraedley-Desmond P, et al. Advertising, patient decision making, and self-referral for computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging. Arch Intern Med. 2004; 164:2415-9.
24. Illes J, Fan E, Koenig B, Raffin TA, Kann D, Atlas SW. Self-referred whole-body CT imaging: current implications for health care consumers. Radiology. 2003; 228:346-51.
25. Health Canada. Whole body screening using MRI or CT technology; http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/iyh-vsv/med/mri-irm_e.html, accessed April 11, 2006.
26. US Food and Drug Administration. Whole body scanning using computer tomography (CT); http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/ct/, accessed April 11, 2006.
27. Cho MK. Conflicts of interest in magnetic resonance imaging: issues in clinical practice and research. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2002; 13:73-8.
28. Canadian Institute for Health Information. Medical Imaging in Canada 2004. Ottawa: Canadian Institute for Health Information; 2004.
29. Racine E, Bar-Ilan O, Illes J. fMRI in the public eye. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005; 6:159-64.
30. Check E. Ethicists urge caution over emotive power of brain scans. Nature. 2005; 435:254-5.
31. Bruer JT. The brain and child development: time for some critical thinking. Public Health Rep. 1998; 113:388-98.
32. Illes J. Neuroethics in a new era of neuroimaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2003; 24:1739-41.
33. Hilgenberg S. Formation, malformation, and transformation: my experience as medical student and patient. Stanford Med Student Clin J. 2005; 9:22-5.
34. Anonymous. How volunteering for an MRI scan changed my life. Nature. 2005; 434:17.
35. Greely H. Human genomics research: new challenges for research ethics. Perspect Biol and Med. 2001; 44:221-9.
36. Philips M. Coping with unsuspected findings in volunteers. Nature. 2005; 434:17.
37. Wendler D. Risk standards for pediatric research: rethinking the Grimes ruling. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2004; 14:187-98.
38. Illes J, Kirschen MP, Edwards E, Stanford LR, Bandettini P, Cho MK, et al. Incidental findings in brain imaging research. Science. 2006; 311:783-4.
39. Elliott C. Pursued by happiness and beaten senseless: Prozac and the American dream. Hastings Cent Rep. 2000; 30(2):7-12.
40. Chatterjee A. Cosmetic neurology: the controversy over enhancing movement, mentation, and mood. Neurology. 2004; 63:968-74.
41. Farah MJ, Illes J, Cook-Deegan R, Gardner H, Kandel E, King P, et al. Neurocognitive enhancement: what can we do and what should we do? Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004; 5:421-5.
42. Canadian Institute for Health Information. Drug Expenditure in Canada 1985 to 2004. Ottawa: Canadian Institute for Health Information; 2005.
43. Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec. Portrait quotidien de la consommation médicamenteuse des personnes de 64 ans ou moins. Québec: Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec; 2002.
44. Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec. Portrait quotidien de la consommation médicamenteuse des personnes âgées non hébergées. Québec: Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec; 2001.
45. Diller LH. The run on Ritalin: attention deficit disorder and stimulant treatment in the 1990s. Hastings Cent Rep. 1996; 26(2):12-8.
46. Elliott R, Sahakian BJ, Matthews K, Bannerjea A, Rimmer J, Robbins TW. Effects of methylphenidate on spatial working memory and planning in healthy young adults. Psychopharmacology. 1997; 131:196-206.
47. Mehta MA, Owen AM, Sahakian BJ, Mavaddat N, Pickard JD, Robbins TW. Methylphenidate enhances working memory by modulating discrete frontal and parietal lobe regions in the human brain. J Neurosci. 2000; 20:RC65.
48. Babcock Q, Byrne T. Student perceptions of methylphenidate abuse at a public liberal arts college. J Am Coll Health. 2000; 49(3):143-5.
49. Lynch G. Memory enhancement: the search for mechanism-based drugs. Nat Neurosci Supplement. 2002; 5:1035-8.
50. Rose SP. 'Smart drugs': Do they work? Are they ethical? Will they be legal? Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002; 3:975-9.
51. Yesavage JA, Mumenthaler MS, Taylor JL, Friedman L, O'Hara R, Sheikh J, et al. Donepezil and flight simulator performance: effects on retention of complex skills. Neurology. 2003; 59(1 of 2):123-5.
52. Pitman RK, Sanders KM, Zusman RM, Healy AR, Cheema F, Lasko NB, et al. Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol. Biol Psychiatry. 2002; 51:189-92.
53. Vastag B. Poised to challenge need for sleep, 'wakefulness enhancer' rouses concerns. JAMA. 2004; 291:167-70.
54. Foster RG, Wulff K. The rhythm of rest and excess. Nature Rev Neurosci. 2005; 6:407-44.
55. Blank RH. Brain policy: How the new neuroscience will change our lives and our politics. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press; 1999.
56. Racine E. Thérapie ou amélioration? Philosophie des neurosciences et éthique des neurotechnologies. Ethica. 2002; 14(1):70-100.
57. Nicolelis MA. Actions from thoughts. Nature 2001; 409:403-7.
58. Schwartz AB. Cortical neural prosthetics. Annu Review Neurosci. 2004; 27:487-507.
59. Nicolelis MA. Brain-machine interfaces to restore motor function and probe neural circuits. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2003; 4:417-22.
60. Hetling JR, Baig-Silva MS. Neural prostheses for vision: designing a functional interface with retinal neurons. Neurol Res. 2004; 26:21-34.
61. Walter B, Vitek JL. Surgical treatment for Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol. 2004; 3:719-28.
62. Mayberg HS, Lozano AM, Voon V, McNeely HE, Seminowicz D, Hamani C, et al. Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Neuron. 2005; 45:651-60.
63. Maguire GQ, McGee EM. Implantable brain chips? Time for debate. Hastings Cent Rep. 1999; 29(1):7-13.
64. Hoag H. Neuroengineering: remote control. Nature. 2003; 423:796-8.
65. Wickelgren I. Neuroscience. Tapping the mind. Science. 2003; 299:496-9.
66. Snyder AW, Mulcahy E, Taylor JL, Micthell JD, Sachdev P, Gandevia SC. Savant like skills exposed in normal people by suppressing the left fronto-temporal lobe. J Integr Neurosci. 2003; 22:149-58.
67. Carey B. Implantable device for depression. The New York Times, May 21, 2005:A1.
68. Hauser SL. The shape of things to come. Neurology. 2004; 63:948-50.
69. Flower R. Lifestyle drugs: pharmacology and the social agenda. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2004; 25:182-5.
70. Allen DB, Fost N. hGH for short stature: ethical issues raised by expanded access. The J Pediatr. 2004; 144:648-52.
71. Gostin LO. Ethical considerations of psychosurgery: the unhappy legacy of the prefrontal lobotomy. J Med Ethics. 1980; 6:149-56.
72. Diefenbach GJ, Diefenbach D, Baumeister A, West M. Portrayal of lobotomy in the popular press: 1935-1960. J Hist Neurosci. 1999; 8:60-9.
73. Hagner M, Borck C. Mindful practices: on the neurosciences in the twenthieth century. Sci Context. 2001; 14:507-10.
74. Lanteri-Laura G. Examen historique et critique de l'éthique en neuropsychiatrie, dans le domaine de la recherche sur le cerveau et les thérapies. In: Huber G, editor. Cerveau et psychisme humains: quelle éthique? Paris: John Libbey Eurotext; 1996: p. 63-82.
75. Borck C. Electricity as a medium of psychic life: Electrotechnological adventures into psychodiagnosis in Weimar Germany. Sei Context. 2001; 14:565-90.
76. Rauscher FH, Shaw GL, Ky KN. Listening to Mozart enhances spatial-temporal reasoning: towards a neurophysiological basis. Neurosci Lett. 1995; 185:44-7.
77. Herculano-Houzel S. Do you know your brain? A survey on public neuroscience literacy at the closing of the decade of the brain. Neuroscientist. 2002; 82:98-110.
78. Racine E. Éthique de la discussion et génomique des populations. Éthique publique 2002; 41:77-90.
79. Tyers M, Brown E, Andrews DW, Bergeron JJ, Boone C, Bremner R, et al. Problems with co-funding in Canada. Science. 2005; 308:1867.
80. Young SN. Universities, governments and industry: can the essential nature of universities survive the drive to commercialize? J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2005; 30:160-3.
81. Martinson BC, Anderson MS, de Vries R. Scientists behaving badly. Nature. 2005; 435:737-8.
82. Cho MK, McGee G, Magnus D. Lessons of the stem cell scandal. Science. 2006; 311:614-5.
83. Merali Z, Giles J. Databases in peril. Nature. 2005; 435:1010-1.
84. Illes J, Blakemore C, Hansson MG, Hensch TK, Leshner A, Maestro G, et al. International perspectives on engaging the public in neuroscience. Nature Rev Neurosci. 2005; 6:977-82.
85. Zardetto-Smith A, Mu K, Phelps CL, Houtz LE, Royeen CB. Brains rule! Fun = learning = neuroscience literacy. The Neuroscientist. 2002; 8:396-404.
86. People v. Weinstein. (591 N.Y.S. 2d 715). (Sup. Ct. 1992).
87. President's Council on Bioethics. Staff working paper: an overview of the impact of neuroscience evidence in criminal law; http://www.bioethics.gov/ background/neuroscience_evidence.ht ml, accessed August 18, 2005.
88. Shevell MI. Neurosciences in the Third Reich: from ivory tower to death camps. Can J Neurol Sci. 1999; 26:132-8.
89. Smith R. Representations of mind: C.S. Sherrington and scientific opinion, c. 1930-1950. Sci Context. 2001; 14:511-29.
90. Doucet H. Le développement des morales, des legislations et des codes, garder le dialogue ouvert et la conscience inquiète. In: Office des personnes handicappées du Québec, editor. Elargir les horizons: Perspectives scientifiques sur l'intégration sociale. Sainte Foy, Québec: Éditions Multimondes; 1994. p.135-41.