Poverty and youth violence exposure: Experiences in rural communities

Children and Schools

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 87-96

  Carlson, Karen Townsend ^a  

^a OHIO UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Community prevention; Poverty; Rural youths; Schools; Violence exposure

Indexed keywords

EID: 33748432087     PISSN: 15328759     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/cs/28.2.87     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Ackerman, B. P., Brown, E. D., & Izard, C. E. (2004). The relations between persistent poverty and contextual risk and children's behavior in elementary school. Developmental Psychology, 40, 367-377.
2. Albrecht, D. E., Albrecht, C. M., & Albrecht, S. L. (2000). Poverty in nonmetropolitan America: Impacts of industrial, employment, and family structure variables. Rural Sociology, 65, 87-103.
3. Arcus, D. (2002). School shooting fatalities and school corporal punishment: A look at the states. Aggressive Behavior, 28, 173-183.
4. Benbenishty, R., & Astor, R. A. (2005). School violence in context: Culture, neighborhood, family, school and gender. New York: Oxford University Press.
5. Bolland, J. M. (2003). Hopelessness risk behaviour among adolescents living in high-poverty inner-city neighbourhoods. Journal of Adolescence, 26, 145-158.
6. Bowen, L. K., Gwiasda, V., & Brown, M. M. (2004). Engaging community residents to prevent violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19, 356-367.
7. Briere, J. (1996). Professional manual for the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSC-C). Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
8. Cairns, R. B., & Cairns, B. D. (1994). Lifelines and risks: Pathways of youth in our time. New York: Cambridge University Press.
9. Caudill, M. H. (1993) School social work services in rural Appalachian systems: Identifying and closing the gaps. Social Work in Education, 15, 179-185. Retrieved June 20, 2005, from EBSCOhost database.
10. CNN.com - Food Central. (2000, November 15). Participation in school breakfast program doubles over decade. Retrieved December 14, 2004, from http://archives.cnn.com/2000/FOOD/news11/15/school.breakfast.ap/
11. Cochran, C., Skillman, G. D., Rathge, R. W., Moore, K., Johnston, J., & Lochner, A. (2002). A rural road: Exploring opportunities, networks, services, and supports that affect rural families. Child Welfare, 81, 838-848.
12. Dahlberg, L. L. (1998). Youth violence in the United States: Major trends, risk factors, and prevention approaches. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 259-272.
13. DeRolph v. State of Ohio, 83 Ohio St.3d (1998).
14. Duncan, C. M. (1996). Understanding persistent poverty: Social class context in rural communities. Rural Sociology, 61, 103-124.
15. Garbarino, J., Hammond, W. R., Mercy, J., &Yung, B. R. (2004). Community violence and children: Preventing exposure and reducing harm. In K. I. Maton, C. J. Schellenbach, B. J. Leadbeater, & A. L. Solarz (Eds.), Investing in children, youth, families, and communities: Strengths-based research and policy (pp. 303-320). Washington, DC:American Psychological Association.
16. Gelles, R. J. (1992). Poverty and violence toward children. American Behavioral Scientist, 35, 258-274.
17. Greene, M. B. (1993). Chronic exposure to violence and poverty: Interventions that work for youth. Crime & Delinquency, 39, 106-124.
18. Guterman, N. B., & Cameron, M. (1997). Assessing the impact of community violence on children and youths. Social Work, 42, 495-505.
19. Jensen, L., Findeis, J. L., Hsu, W., & Schachter, J. P. (1999). Slipping into and out of underemployment: Another disadvantage for nonmetropolitan workers? Rural Sociology, 64, 417-438.
20. Korbin, J. (2003). Children, childhoods, and violence. Annual Review of Anthropology, 32, 431-446.
21. Lai, D.W.L. (1999). Violence exposure and mental health of adolescents in small towns: An exploratory study. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 90(3), 181-185.
22. Males, M. (1996). Wild in deceit: Why "teen violence" is poverty violence in disguise. Retrieved September 7, 2004, from http://www.fair.org/extra/9603/teen-violence.html
23. Miley, K. K., O'Melia, M., & DuBois, B. (2004). Generalist social work practice: An empowering approach. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
24. Miller, T. R., Cohen, M. A., & Rossman, S. B. (1993). Victim costs of violent crime resulting injuries. Health Affairs, 12, 186-197.
25. Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W.J., Simons-Morton, B., & Scheldt, P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among US youth: Prevalence and association of psychosocial adjustment. JAMA, 285, 2094-2100.
26. National Center for Children in Poverty, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health. (2003). State profile: Ohio. Retrieved from http://nccp.org/state_detail_demographic_OH.html
27. National Conference of State Legislators. (2003). A different landscape: Rural poverty in America. State Legislatures, 29, 7.
28. Ohio Department of Education. (2003). Typology of Ohio school districts, revised 1996. Columbus: State of Ohio Department of Education.
29. The Ohio State University Fact Sheet: Family and Consumer Sciences. (1998). Rural poverty. Retrieved November 1, 2004, from http://ohioline.osu.edu/ hyg-fact/5000/5709.html
30. Osgood, M. H. (1977). Rural and urban attitudes toward welfare. Social Work, 22, 41-47.
31. Rausch, T., Sanddal, N., Remt, T., Sanddal, T., & Esposito, T. (1998). Changing epidemiology of injury-related pediatrie mortality in a rural state: Implications for injury control. Pediatric Emergency Care, 14, 388-392.
32. Shapiro, J. (2000). Attitudes towards Guns and Violence questionnaire manual. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.
33. Singer, M., Anglin, R., Song, L., & Lunghofer, L. (1995). Adolescents' exposure to violence and the association of psychological trauma. JAMA, 273, 477-482.
34. Slovak, K. (2002). Gun violence and children: Factors related to exposure and trauma. Health & Social Work, 27, 104-112.
35. Slovak, K., & Singer, M. I. (2001). Gun violence exposure and trauma among rural youth. Violence and Victims, 16, 389-400.
36. Slovak, K., & Singer, M. I. (2002). Children and violence: Findings and implications from a rural community. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 19, 36-56.
37. Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics. (1994). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
38. Weisheit, R., & Wells, L. (1996). Rural crime and rural policing: Implications for theory and research. Crime and Delinquency, 42, 379-397.