Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx: Advances in identification, understanding, and management

Oral Oncology

Volumn 42, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 770-788

  Ferlito, Alfio ^a   Devaney, Kenneth O ^b   Rinaldo, Alessandra ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UDINE   (Italy)

^b Foote Health System   (United States)

Author keywords

Atypical carcinoid tumour; Carcinoid tumour; Larynx; Neuroendocrine neoplasms; Paraganglioma; Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

Indexed keywords

CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOXORUBICIN; LOMUSTINE; METHOTREXATE; VINCRISTINE SULFATE;

CANCER SURVIVAL; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; HISTOCHEMISTRY; HISTOGENESIS; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LARYNX CANCER; NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW;

CARCINOID TUMOR; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; HUMANS; LARYNGEAL NEOPLASMS; NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS; PARAGANGLIOMA; PROGNOSIS;

EID: 33748111106     PISSN: 13688375     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2006.01.002     Document Type: Review

References (457)

1. Adlington P., and Woodhouse M.A. The ultrastructure of chemodectoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 86 (1972) 1219-1232
2. Aguila Artal A.F., Manos Pujol M., Gil Garces E., Soler T., Oncins R., Juan Prada A., et al. Carcinoma neuroendocrino de laringe. A propósito de dos casos. Nota previa. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 39 (1988) 407-409
3. Aguilar III E.A., Robbins K.T., Stephens J., Dimery I.W., and Batsakis J.G. Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Am J Clin Oncol 10 (1987) 26-32
4. Alegre J., Fernandez de Sevilla T., Falco V., Pumarola F., and Martinez Vazquez J.M. Enfermedad metastatica generalizada en el debut de un carcinoma indiferenciado de celula pequena de laringe. An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am 18 (1991) 439-441
5. Ali S., Aird D.W., and Bihari J. Pain-inducing laryngeal paragangliomas (non-chromaffin). J Laryngol Otol 97 (1983) 181-188
6. Alujevic A., Juric G., Šeparovic R., and Krušlin B. Unusual features of metastatic atypical carcinoid of the larynx. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 225 (1998) 318-321
7. Andrews A.H. Glomus tumors (nonchromaffin paragangliomas) of the larynx. Ann Otol 64 (1955) 1034-1036
8. Andrews T.M., and Myer III C.M. Malignant (atypical) carcinoid of the larynx occurring in a patient with laryngotracheal papillomatosis. Am J Otolaryngol 13 (1992) 238-242
9. Ani A.N., Junaid T.A., Martinson F.D., and Adeloye A.A. Chemodectoma: a review of 17 cases. Int Surg 64 (1979) 43-48
10. Arias-Stella J., and Valcarcel J. Chief cell hyperplasia in the human carotid body at high altitude. Physiologic and pathologic significance. Hum Pathol 7 (1976) 361-373
11. Aribas O.K., Kanat F., and Avunduk M.C. Inferior laryngeal paraganglioma presenting as plunging goiter. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 25 (2004) 655-657
12. Balderrama Caballero D.H., Dreier Spickernagel A.L., Guerrero Alonso C.J., Relea Calatayud M.F., and Campos de Orellana Gomez A.M. Carcinoma neuroendocrino de laringe. Presentacion de un caso clinico. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 46 (1995) 149-151
13. Bapat U., Mackinnon N.A., and Spencer M.G. Carcinoid tumours of the larynx. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 262 (2005) 194-197
14. Barbeaux A, Duck L, Weynand B, Desuter G, Hamoir M, Gregoire V, et al. Primary combined small cell carcinoma of the larynx: report of two cases and discussion of treatment modalities. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, in press.
15. Barker Jr. J.L., Glisson B.S., Garden A.S., El-Naggar A.K., Morrison W.H., Ang K.K., et al. Management of nonsinonasal neuroendocrine carcinomas of the head and neck. Cancer 98 (2003) 2322-2328
16. Barnes L. Paragangliomas of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 107 (1993) 664-666 [Letter to the Editor]
17. Barnes L. Paraganglioma of the larynx. A critical review of the literature. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spectr 53 (1991) 220-234
18. Barnes L. Neuroendocrine tumours. In: Barnes L., Eveson J.W., Reichart P., and Sidransky D. (Eds). Pathology and genetics. Head and neck tumours. World Health Organization classification of tumours (2005), IARC Press, Lyon 135-139
19. Barnes L., Ferlito A., and Wenig B.M. Laryngeal paragangliomas. A review and report of a single case. J Laryngol Otol 111 (1997) 197-198 [Letter to the Editor]
20. Basset J.M., Paraire F., Francois M., and Fleury P. Deux nouvelles tumeurs rares du larynx. Un lipome, un chémodectome. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 99 (1982) 151-158
21. Batsakis J.G. Tumors of the head and neck. Clinical and pathological considerations. 2nd ed. (1979), Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
22. Batsakis J.G., el-Naggar A.K., and Luna M.A. Neuroendocrine tumors of larynx. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 101 (1992) 710-714
23. Battifora H. Benign paraganglioma of the larynx. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 6 (1998) 113-114
24. Baugh R.F., Wolf G.T., and McClatchey K.D. Small cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Head Neck Surg 8 (1986) 343-354
25. Baugh R.F., McClatchey K.D., Sprik S.A., and Jones H. Laryngeal paraganglioma. J Otolaryngol 16 (1987) 167-168
26. Baugh R.F., Wolf G.T., Beals T., Krause C.J., and Forastiere A. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx: results of therapy. Laryngoscope 96 (1986) 1283-1290
27. Baugh R.F., Wolf G.T., Lloyd R.V., McClatchey K.D., and Evans D.A. Carcinoid (neuroendocrine carcinoma) of the larynx. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 96 (1987) 315-321
28. Baxter G.D. Glomus tumor (chemodectoma) of the larynx. Ann Otol 74 (1965) 813-820
29. Ben Othman M., Ben Nasr R., Jallouli M., Ellouze R., and Cammoun M. Les tumeurs carcinoïdes du larynx. Cah ORL 22 (1987) 569-574
30. Benevant R.G., Bru P., Bompoint J., and Boumehdi M. Un nouveau cas de chémodectome laryngé. Cah ORL 6 (1971) 659-664
31. Benisch B.M., Tawfik B., and Breitenbach E.E. Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx: an ultrastructural study. Cancer 36 (1975) 145-148
32. Bielawna E., Lubinski J., and Sowa J. Przyzwojak niechromochlonny krtani. Otolaryngol Pol 36 (1982) 261-264
33. Bishop J.W., Osamura R.Y., and Tsutsumi Y. Multiple hormone production in an oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Acta Pathol Jpn 35 (1985) 915-923
34. Bitiutskii P.G., Koshanov L.G., Baeva A.B., and Gnucheu E.U. Laryngeal carcinoid. Vestn Otorinolaringol 5 (1981) 70-71 [in Russian]
35. Bitterman P., Sherman M., and Lack E.E. Paragangliomas of the head and neck region. Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of 88 cases. Abstract. Proceedings of the XIXth international congress of the international academy of pathology, Madrid. Patologia 25 (1992) 148 [abstract no. 493]
36. Bitran J.D., Toledo-Pereyra L.H., and Matz G. Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Response to combined modality therapy. Cancer 42 (1978) 85-87
37. Blanchard Cl., and Saunders W.H. Chemodectoma of the larynx: case report. Arch Otolaryngol 61 (1955) 472-474
38. Blok P.H.H.M., Manni J.J., van den Broek P., van Haelst U.J.G.M., and Sloof J.L. Carcinoid of the larynx: a report of three cases and a review of the literature. Laryngoscope 95 (1985) 715-719
39. Boles R. Unusual tumors of the larynx. Can J Otolaryngol 4 (1975) 328-332
40. Bolla A., Cabassa N., and Scolari R. Metastasi solitaria al laringe da microcitoma polmonare. Arch Ital Otol 79 (1968) 74-82
41. Bone R.C., and Deer D. Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Laryngoscope 88 (1978) 1190-1195
42. Bootz F., Helliwell T.R., and Gärtner H.V. Chemodektom des Larynx (Zwei Fallberichte). HNO 36 (1988) 166-170
43. Brandwein M., Levi G., Som P., and Urken M.L. Paraganglioma of the inferior laryngeal paraganglia. A case report. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 118 (1992) 994-996
44. Brisigotti M., Fabbretti G., Lanzanova G., Russo Brugneri E., Presutti L., and Artoni S. Atypical carcinoid of the larynx: case report. Tumori 73 (1987) 417-421
45. Browne J.D. Management of nonepidermoid cancer of the larynx. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 30 (1997) 215-229
46. Brownlee R.E., and Shockley W.W. Thyroid paraganglioma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 101 (1992) 293-299
47. Bundi R.S. Chemodectomas. Clin Radiol 53 (1974) 410-415
48. Capella C., Riva C., Cornaggia M., Chiaravalli A.M., Frigerio B., and Solcia E. Histopathology, cytology and cytochemistry of pheocromocytomas and paragangliomas including chemodectomas. Path Res Pract 183 (1988) 176-187
49. Capella G. Paraganglioma laringeo. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 40 suppl2 (1989) 289-294
50. Capolunghi B., Bertolini G., Grillo della Berta L., Tinelli N., Cascio F., and Bertoletti F. Laryngeal paraganglioma: an endoscopic diode-laser-assisted surgical approach: a case report. B-ENT 2 (2005) 97-100
51. Capper J.W.R., Michaels L., and Gregor R.T. A malignant carcinoid tumour of the supraglottic larynx. J Laryngol Otol 95 (1981) 963-971
52. Carles D., Devars F., Traissac L., Darasse D., Rinaldo J.F., and Richir C. Carcinoïde primitif du larynx. Ann Pathol 3 (1983) 65-68
53. Casolino D., Caliceti U., and Sorrenti G. Carcinoid tumours of the larynx. Report of two cases. J Laryngol Otol 104 (1990) 264-266
54. Cefis F., Cattaneo M., Carnevale Ricci P.M., Frigerio B., Usellini L., and Capella C. Primary polypeptide hormones and mucin-producing malignant carcinoid of the larynx. Ultrastruct Pathol 5 (1983) 45-53
55. Cejas Méndez L., Cejas Méndez M., Fahim Halawa B., Alvarez Romero E., and Goralsky Filonov S. Neuroendocrine tumor of the larynx. Small cell carcinoma. An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am 27 (2000) 119-126 [in Spanish]
56. Chan J.K.C., Suster S., Wenig B.M., Tsang W.Y.W., Chan J.B.K., and Lau A.L.W. Cytokeratin 20 immunoreactivity distinguishes Merkel cell (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine) carcinomas and salivary gland small cell carcinomas from small cell carcinomas of various sites. Am J Surg Pathol 21 (1997) 226-234
57. 2 laser surgery for an atypical carcinoid tumor of the epiglottis masquerading as a supraglottic cyst. Head Neck 27 (2005) 1004-1007
58. Chen D.A., Mandell-Brown M., Moore S.F., and Johnson J.T. "Composite" tumor - Mixed squamous cell and small-cell anaplastic carcinoma of the larynx. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 95 (1986) 99-103
59. Chijiwa K., Mori K., Miyazima Y., Fukunaga H., Umeno H., and Nakashima T. Case reports and review: malignant tumors of the larynx other than squamous cell carcinomas. Larynx Jpn 10 (1998) 22-27 [in Japanese]
60. Chung J.H., Lee S.S., Shim Y.S., Kim S.Y., Nam S.Y., Kim D.H., et al. A study of moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx and an examination of non-neoplastic larynx tissue for neuroendocrine cells. Laryngoscope 114 (2004) 1264-1270
61. Coakley J.F. Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 99 (1985) 301-303
62. Contreras-Mejuto F., Baptista P., Garcia-Tapia R., and Pardo-Mindàn J. Paraganglioma of the larynx. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 119 (1993) 350-353
63. Cosby W.N., and Babin R.W. Simultaneous oat cell and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Mil Med 153 (1988) 196-198
64. Crissman J.D., and Rosenblatt A. Acinous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Arch Pathol Lab Med 102 (1978) 233-236
65. Crowther J.A., and Colman B.H. Chemodectoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 101 (1987) 1095-1098
66. Curran A.C., McDermott N., Leader M., and Walsh M. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Ir J Med Sci 166 (1997) 44-46
67. Cuzzourt J.C., Pezold J.C., and Dunn C.W. Typical carcinoid tumor of the larynx occurring with otalgia: a case report. Ear Nose Throat J 81 (2002) 40-43
68. D'Agnone N., and Ruscito P. Carcinoma a piccole cellule (microcitoma) primitivo della laringe: descrizione di un caso clinico e revisione della letteratura. Otorinolaringologia 39 (1989) 561-566
69. Dacic S., Finkelstein S.D., Baksh F.K., Swalsky P.A., Barnes L.E., and Yousem S.A. Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma displays unique profiles of tumor-suppressor gene loss in relationship to the primary site of formation. Hum Pathol 33 (2002) 927-932
70. da Mosto M.C., Boscolo-Rizzo P., Marchiori C., and Boccato P. Paraganglioma of the larynx. Case report and literature review. ORL Nova 12 (2002-2003) 314-316
71. Davidge-Pitts K.J. Laryngeal paraganglioma. S Afr Med J 68 (1985) 971-972
72. de Azevedo-Gamas A., and Gloor F. Un cas très rare de tumeur du larynx. Diagnostic anatomo-pathologique inattendu. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 85 (1968) 329-335
73. De Barros M.C. Neuralgia do laryngeu superior por tumor glomico da arytenoide. Neurobiologica 25 (1962) 68-76
74. Debry Ch., Rouyer N., Grandjean E., Gentine A., Stierle J.L., and Conraux C. Les épithéliomas neuroendocrines à grandes cellules. Description d'un cas clinique et revue de la littérature. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 109 (1992) 345-350
75. De la Torre-Rendòn F.E., Cisneros-Bernal E., Ochoa-Salas J.A., and Delfino-Reynoso H.A. Carcinoma indiferenciado de celulas pequenas de la laringe. Presentaciòn de un caso con metàstases masivas al higado. Patologia 17 (1979) 47-57
76. del Campo J.E., Blay L., Rosello E., Gimenez F., and Marco J. Paraganglioma laringeo: a proposito de un caso. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 46 (1995) 371-375
77. Del Gaudio J.M., and Muller S. Diagnosis and treatment of supraglottic laryngeal paraganglioma: report of a case. Head Neck 26 (2004) 94-98
78. DeLellis R.A. Formaldehyde-induced fluorescence technique for the demonstration of biogenic amines in diagnostic histopathology. Cancer 28 (1971) 1704-1710
79. Deleu D., and De Geeter F. Neurological manifestations of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 53 (1991) 250-258
80. Deleu D., DeGeeter F., Buisseret T., Goossens A., Caemaert J., and Ebinger G. Dural metastasis from laryngeal malignant carcinoid. Am J Med 86 (1989) 502-505
81. Dellagi K., Jaubert F., Micheau C., Brasnu D., and Laccoureye H. Carcinoïdes du larynx. Carcinomes neuroendocrines bien différenciés. A propos de 4 cas. Ann Pathol 9 (1989) 284-288
82. Dhom G., and Hohbach C. The value of electron microscopy in diagnostic pathology. Case 11. Ultrastruct Pathol 1 (1980) 133-139
83. Dictor M., Tennvall J., and Åkerman M. Moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (atypical carcinoid) of the supraglottic larynx. A report of two cases including immunohistochemistry and aspiration cytology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 116 (1992) 253-257
84. Dieler R., and Dämmrich J. Immunohistochemical and fine structural characterization of primary carcinoid tumors of the larynx. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 252 (1995) 229-235
85. Dietz R., and Wilhelm H.J. Therapie des primären "oat-cell" Karzinoms des Larynx. Laryngol Rhinol Otol 57 (1978) 1072-1076
86. Doglioni C., Ferlito A., Chiamenti C., Viale G., and Rosai J. Laryngeal carcinoma showing multidirectional epithelial, neuroendocrine and sarcomatous differentiation. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 52 (1990) 316-326
87. Duvall E., Johnston A., McLay K., and Piris J. Carcinoid tumour of the larynx. A report of two cases. J Laryngol Otol 97 (1983) 1073-1080
88. Eaton L.M., and Lambert E.H. Electromyography and electric stimulation of nerves in diseases of motor unit: observation on the myasthenic syndrome associated with malignant tumors. JAMA 163 (1957) 1117-1121
89. Ebeling B.J., and Straehler-Pohl H.J. Erschwerte Intubation bei endolaryngealem Paragangliom. Anaesthesist 41 (1992) 221-223
90. El-Naggar A.K. Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma. Victims of semantics. Arch Pathol Lab Med 116 (1992) 237-238
91. El-Naggar A.K., and Batsakis J.G. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx. A critical review of the literature. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 53 (1991) 188-193
92. El-Naggar A.K., Batsakis J.G., Vassilopoulou-Sellin R., Ordonez N.G., and Luna M.A. Medullary (thyroid) carcinoma-like carcinoids of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 105 (1991) 683-686
93. El-Silimy O. Paragangliomas of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 107 (1993) 664-666 [Letter to the Editor]
94. El-Silimy O., and Harvy L. A clinico-pathological classification of laryngeal paraganglioma. J Laryngol Otol 106 (1992) 635-639
95. Ereño C., Lopez J.I., and Sanchez J.M. Atypical carcinoid of larynx: presentation with scalp metastases. J Laryngol Otol 111 (1997) 89-91
96. Eusebi V., Betts C.M., and Giangaspero F. Primary oat-cell carcinoma of the larynx. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol 380 (1978) 349-354
97. Ewen S.W.B., Bussolati G., and Pearse A.G.E. Uptake of L-dopa and L-5-hydroxytryptophan by endocrine-like cells in the rat larynx. Histochem J 4 (1972) 103-110
98. Ezzat M.S., Mancuso A.A., and Stringer S.P. CT of submucosal and occult laryngeal masses. J Comput Assist Tomogr 16 (1992) 87-93
99. Faict M. Tumour carcinoïde du larynx. A propos d'une observation personnelle. J Fr Otorhinolaryngol 39 (1990) 279-282
100. Falk B., and Owman C. A detailed methodological description of the fluorescence method for the cellular demonstration of biogenic monoamines. Acta Univ Lund 7 (1965) 5-23
101. Fedorova E.N., Böikov V.P., and Filippova N.A. Carcinoid of the larynx. Arkh Patol 49 (1987) 69-73 [in Russian]
102. Feng Y., Xu G., Liu B., Wang H., and Su X. Four cases of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma in ear, nose, pharynx and larynx. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 17 (2003) 549-550 [in Chinese]
103. Fer F.M., Levenson Jr. R.M., Cohen M.H., and Greco F.A. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma. In: Greco F.A., Oldham R.K., and Bunn Jr. P.A. (Eds). Small cell lung cancer (1981), Grune and Stratton, New York 301-325
104. Ferlito A. Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Ann Otol 83 (1974) 254-256
105. Ferlito A. Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Ann Otol 83 (1974) 834 [Letter to the Editor]
106. Ferlito A. Histological classification of larynx and hypopharynx cancers and their clinical implications. Pathologic aspects of 2052 malignant neoplasms diagnosed at the ORL Department of Padua University from 1966 to 1976. Acta Otolaryngol 342 Suppl (1976) 1-88
107. Ferlito A. Primary oat-cell carcinoma of the larynx following supraglottic laryngectomy for squamous cell carcinoma. J Am Geriatr Soc 26 (1978) 278-283
108. Ferlito A. Malignant epithelial tumors of the larynx. In: Ferlito A. (Ed). Cancer of the larynx vol. I (1985), CRC Press, Boca Raton 91-195
109. Ferlito A. Diagnosis and treatment of small cell carcinoma of the larynx: a critical review. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 95 (1986) 590-600
110. Ferlito A. Malignant laryngeal epithelial tumors and lymph node involvement: therapeutic and prognostic considerations. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 96 (1987) 542-548
111. Ferlito A: cited by Woodruff JM, Senie RT. Atypical carcinoid tumor of the larynx. A critical review of the literature. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 1991;53:194-209.
112. Ferlito A. The World Health Organization's revised classification of tumours of the larynx, hypopharynx, and trachea. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 102 (1993) 666-669
113. Ferlito A. Unusual malignant neoplasm of the larynx. In: Silver C.E., and Ferlito A. (Eds). Surgery for cancer of the larynx and related structures. 2nd ed. (1996), Saunders, Philadelphia 43-64
114. Ferlito A., and Friedmann I. Review of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 98 (1989) 780-790
115. Ferlito A., and Friedmann I. Contribution of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 53 (1991) 235-244
116. Ferlito A., and Friedmann I. Neuroendocrine neoplasms. In: Ferlito A. (Ed). Neoplasms of the larynx (1993), Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh 169-205
117. Ferlito A., and Polidoro F. Simultaneous primary oat cell carcinoma (apudoma) and squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 42 (1980) 146-157
118. Ferlito A., and Recher G. Laryngeal involvement by mycosis fungoides. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 95 (1986) 275-277
119. Ferlito A., and Rinaldo A. Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 109 (2000) 109-117
120. Ferlito A., and Rinaldo A. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx: a preventable and frustrating disease with a highly aggressive lethal behavior. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 65 (2003) 131-133 [Editorial]
121. Ferlito A., and Rinaldo A. The spectrum of endocrinocarcinomas of the larynx. Oral Oncol 41 (2005) 878-883
122. Ferlito A., and Rosai J. Terminology and classification of neuro-endocrine neoplasms of the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 53 (1991) 185-187
123. Ferlito A., Barnes L., and Wenig B.M. Identification, classification, treatment, and prognosis of laryngeal paraganglioma. Review of the literature and eight new cases. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 103 (1994) 525-536
124. Ferlito A., Barnes L., and Wenig B.M. Identification, classification, treatment, and prognosis of laryngeal paraganglioma. Review of the literature and eight new cases. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 104 (1995) 84-85 [Letter to the Editor]
125. Ferlito A., Friedmann I., and Goldman N.C. Primary carcinoid tumour of the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 50 (1988) 129-149
126. Ferlito A., Milroy C.M., and Barnes L. Neuroendocrine neoplasms. In: Ferlito A. (Ed). Surgical pathology of laryngeal neoplasms (1996), Chapman & Hall, London 173-193
127. Ferlito A., Recher G., and Caruso G. Primary combined small cell carcinoma of the larynx. Am J Otolaryngol 6 (1985) 302-308
128. Ferlito A., Rinaldo A., and Devaney K.O. Malignant laryngeal tumors: phenotypic evaluation and clinical implications. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 104 (1995) 587-589
129. Ferlito A., Shaha A.R., and Rinaldo A. Paraneoplastic syndromes in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the head and neck: have they an impact on prognosis?. Acta Otolaryngol 121 (2001) 756-758
130. Ferlito A., Shaha A.R., and Rinaldo A. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx: diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 64 (2002) 108-113
131. Ferlito A., Barnes L., Rinaldo A., Gnepp D.R., and Milroy C.M. A review of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx: update on diagnosis and treatment. J Laryngol Otol 112 (1998) 827-834
132. Ferlito A., Caruso G., Nicolai P., Recher G., and Silvestri F. Primary small cell ("oat cell") carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx. A clinico-pathological study of 8 cases with a review of the literature. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 43 (1981) 204-222
133. Ferlito A., Milroy C.M., Wenig B.M., Barnes L., and Silver C.E. Laryngeal paraganglioma versus atypical carcinoid tumor. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 104 (1995) 78-83
134. Ferlito A., Pesavento G., Recher G., Caruso G., Dal Fior S., Montaguti A., et al. Long-term survival in response to combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy in laryngeal small cell carcinoma. Auris Nasus Larynx 13 (1986) 113-123
135. Fiaoni M., Colonna A., Leonardi Jr. M., and Passamonti G.L. Metastasi laringea solitaria di carcinoma a piccole cellule polmonari "cosiddetto microcitoma": Descrizione di un caso clinico. Valsalva 65 (1989) 203-209
136. Filippin S., Tanturri G., and Gribodo L. A proposito di un caso di paraganglioma cromaffine dell'ipofaringe. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 9 (1989) 95-97
137. Fishbein A.V., Borisov A.A., and Bariliak Iu.R. Malignant laryngeal paraganglioma. Zh Ushn Nos Gorl Bolezn 4 (1979) 71-73 [in Russian]
138. Fraidooni H. La chimiothèrapie dans un cas de chémodectome du larynx. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 93 (1976) 303-305
139. Franzen A., Schmid S., and Pfaltz M. Primary small cell carcinomas and metastatic disease in the head and neck. HNO 47 (1999) 912-917 [in German]
140. Friedmann I. Carcinoid vs. paraganglioma and adenoma vs. carcinoid. J Pathol 166 (1992) 419-420
141. Friedmann I., and Ferlito A. Granulomas and neoplasms of the larynx (1988), Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh p. 197-222
142. Galanis E., Frytak S., and Lloyd R.V. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma. Cancer 79 (1997) 1729-1736
143. Gallivan M.V.E., Chun B., Rowden G., and Lack E.E. Laryngeal paraganglioma: case report with ultrastructural analysis and literature review. Am J Surg Pathol 3 (1979) 85-92
144. Gapany-Gapanavicius V., and Kenan S. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx. Ann Otol 90 (1981) 42-47
145. Gassab A., Jawhar Sayadi S., Bouzouita J., Abdelhedi N., Zakhama A., Daabek B., et al. Les tumeurs neuro-endocrines du larynx: à propos d'un cas. Cah ORL 37 (2002) 268-271
146. Gehanno P., Lallemant Y., Groussard O., Blanchet F., Veber F., Guedon C., et al. Apudomes en O.R.L. à propos de 6 observations (dont 1 chémodectome et 1 carcinoïde du larynx); critique du concept d'apudome. J Fr Otorhinolaryngol 29 (1980) 7-18
147. Gelot R., Rhee T.R., and Lapidot A. Primary oat-cell carcinoma of head and neck. Ann Otol 84 (1975) 238-244
148. Gianoli G.J., Butcher R.B., and Martin III E.J. Composite tumor of the larynx. Ear Nose Throat J 71 (1992) 81-82 85-87
149. Giddins N.A., Kennedy T.L., and Vrabec D.P. Primary small cell carcinoma of the larynx: analysis of treatment. J Otolaryngol 16 (1987) 157-165
150. Gignoux M., Martin H., Feroldi J., and Lapicorey G. Paragangliome non chromaffine du larynx. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 82 (1964) 505-508
151. Gillenwater A., Lewin J., Roberts D., and El-Naggar A. Moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (atypical carcinoid) of the larynx: a clinically aggressive tumor. Laryngoscope 115 (2005) 1191-1195
152. Gladkii N.I. Chemodectoma of the larynx. Vestn Otorinolaryngol 17 (1988) 77-78 [in Russian]
153. Gnepp D.R. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. A critical review of the literature. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 53 (1991) 210-219
154. Gnepp D.R., Ferlito A., and Hyams V. Primary anaplastic small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the larynx. Review of the literature and report of 18 cases. Cancer 51 (1983) 1731-1745
155. Goldman N.C., Hood C.I., and Singleton G.T. Carcinoid of the larynx. Arch Otolaryngol 90 (1969) 91-93
156. Goldman N.C., Katibah G.M., and Medina J. Carcinoid tumors of the larynx. Ear Nose Throat J 64 (1985) 130-134
157. Googe P.B., Ferry J.A., Bhan A.K., Dickersin G.R., Pilch B.Z., and Goodman M. A comparison of paraganglioma, carcinoid tumor, and small-cell carcinoma of the larynx. Arch Pathol Lab Med 112 (1988) 809-815
158. Goubert J.L., Collignon G., Foucault C., Cannoni M., and Pech A. Chémodectomes laringés et tumeurs vasculaires du pharynx. In: Leroux-Robert J., and Pech A. (Eds). Les chémodectomes (paragangliomes) cervico-céphaliques (1984), Masson, Paris 126-130
159. Gould V.E. Neuroendocrine tumors in "miscellaneous" primary sites: clinical, pathologic, and histogenetic implications. In: Fenoglio C.M., and Wolff M. (Eds). Progress in surgical pathology vol. IV (1982), Masson, New York 181-198
160. Gould V.E., Banner B.F., and Baerwaldt M. Neuroendocrine neoplasms in unusual primary sites. Diagn Histopathol 4 (1981) 263-277
161. Govaerts P.J., van den Broek P., Corstens F.H.M., and Peters H.M. Clinical oncology: case presentations from oncology centres - 2. Carcinoid of the larynx. Eur J Cancer 28A (1992) 1755-1758
162. Greenberg E., Uri N., and Kelner J. Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma (carcinoid). Harefuah 119 (1990) 9-10 [in Hebrew]
163. Greene L., Brundage W., and Cooper K. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx: a case report and a review of the classification of this neoplasm. J Clin Pathol 58 (2005) 658-661
164. Greenway R.E., and Heeneman H. Chemodectoma of the larynx. Can J Otolaryngol 4 (1975) 499-504
165. Gregorio A., Sicurella F., Castellano F., and Brenna A. Il tumore carcinoide della laringe. A proposito di un caso. Otorinolaringologia 40 (1990) 59-62
166. Grignon D.J., Ayala A.G., Ro J.Y., and Chong C. Carcinoma of prostate metastasizing to vocal cord. Urology 36 (1990) 85-88
167. Gripp F.M., Risse E.K.J., Leverstein H., Snow G.B., and Meijer C.J.L.M. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. Importance of the correct diagnosis and differences between atypical carcinoid tumors and small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 252 (1995) 280-286
168. Guerrier Y., Lallemant J.G., Charlin B., and Pages A. Carcinoid tumors of the larynx. A case study. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 47 (1985) 113-118
169. Guerzider P., Fiche M., Beauvillain C., and Le Bodic M.F. Tumeur neuro-endocrine du larynx. A propos d'un cas. Ann Pathol 11 (1991) 253-256
170. Gupta S., Pathak K.A., and Sanghvi V. Transventricular paraganglioma of the larynx. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 260 (2003) 358-360
171. Hallaoui Y., El Kohen A., Sefiani S., Benchekroun L., Jazouli N., and Kzadri M. Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma: a case report. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) 125 (2004) 229-232 [in French]
172. Hamid O., El Fiky L., El Arab L.E., El Beltagy Y., and Amin R. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx: a case report. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 133 (2005) 647
173. Hamlyn P.J., O'Brien C.J., and Shaw H.J. Uncommon malignant tumours of the larynx. A 35 year review. J Laryngol Otol 100 (1986) 1163-1168
174. Hanna G.S., and Ali M.H. Chemodectoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 100 (1986) 1081-1087
175. Harrison D.F.N. Unusual tumors. In: Suen J.Y., and Myers E.N. (Eds). Cancer of the head and neck (1981), Churchill Livingstone, New York 650-698
176. Hartley C., Birzgalis A.R., Lyons T.J., and Farrington W.T. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. J R Coll Surg Edinb 41 (1996) 333-335
177. Hartmann E. Chemodectoma laryngis. Acta Otolaryngol 51 (1960) 528-532 [in German]
178. Hay J.H., and Busuttil A. Oat-cell carcinoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 95 (1981) 1081-1088
179. Helpap B., and Koch U. Uber ein Paraganglioma des Kehlkopfes. Laryngorhinootologie 53 (1974) 410-415
180. Higazi M.T. Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 93 (1979) 835-837
181. Hinojar A.G., Ramón Prieto J., Muñoz E., and Hinojar A.A. Relapsing paraganglioma of the inferior laryngeal paraganglion: case report and review of the literature. Head Neck 24 (2002) 95-102
182. Hirsch M.S., Faquin W.C., and Krane J.F. Thyroid transcription factor-1, but not p53, is helpful in distinguishing moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx from medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Mod Pathol 17 (2004) 631-636
183. Hodge K.M., Byers R.M., and Peters L.J. Paragangliomas of the head and neck. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 114 (1988) 872-877
184. Hoff M., and Kramp B. Neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx. Laryngorhinootologie 79 (2000) 573-578 [in German]
185. Hohbach C., and Mootz W. Chemodectoma of the larynx. A clinico-pathological study. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol 378 (1978) 161-172
186. Hooper R. Chemodectoma of the glomus laryngicum superior. Laryngoscope 82 (1972) 686-692
187. Horáková Z., and Golembiovská D. Laryngeální paragangliom. Head Neck Dis 13 (2004) 51-54
188. Hordijk G.J., Ruiter D.J., Bosman F.T., and Mauw B.J. Chemodectoma (paraganglioma) of the larynx. Clin Otolaryngol 6 (1981) 249-254
189. Horikawa T., and Matsubara F. A carcinoid tumor of the epiglottis. Otolaryngology 44 (1972) 437-440
190. Huang Y., Zhou S., Bai C., Zheng H., Wang C., Zhang S., et al. The clinical feature of laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasms. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 18 (2004) 132-133 159 [in Chinese]
191. Hung K.L., Tai S.K., Chang S.Y., and Li W.Y. An easily misinterpreted diagnosis of laryngeal tumor-atypical carcinoid. J Chin Med Assoc 66 (2003) 693-697
192. Hunsicker R.C., Koch T.J., and Folander H. Superselective embolization in two cases of laryngeal paraganglioma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 113 (1995) 126-130
193. Hussain S.S.M., Davis A.E., and Johnstone C.I. Chemodectoma of the larynx. Ear Nose Throat J 69 (1990) 627-629
194. Iarlykov S.A., Shagova V.S., and De-Zhorzh I.G. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx. Vestn Otorinolaringol 5 (1988) 77-78 [in Russian]
195. Ibrahim N.B.N., Briggs J.C., and Corbishley C.M. Extrapulmonary oat cell carcinoma. Cancer 54 (1984) 1645-1661
196. Insabato L., De Rosa G., Terracciano L.M., Lupoli G., Montedoro D., and Ravetto C. A calcitonin-producing neuroendocrine tumor of the larynx. A case report. Tumori 79 (1993) 227-230
197. Ishida M., Hasegawa S., Sato T., and Tateishi R. Glomus tumor (nonchromaffin-paraganglioma) of the larynx. Laryngoscope 81 (1971) 957-961
198. Jaiswal V.R., and Hoang M.P. Primary combined squamous and small cell carcinoma of the larynx: a case report and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med 128 (2004) 1279-1282
199. Johnson B.E., Linnoila R.I., Williams J.P., Venzon D.J., Okunieff P., Anderson G.B., et al. Risk of second aerodigestive cancers increases in patients who survive free of small-cell lung cancer for more than 2 years. J Clin Oncol 13 (1995) 101-111
200. Johnson G.D., Abt A.B., Mahataphongse V.P., and Conner G.H. Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the larynx. Ann Otol 88 (1979) 774-778
201. Johnson T.L., Zarbo R.J., Lloyd R.V., and Crissman J.D. Paragangliomas of the head and neck: immunohistochemical neuroendocrine and intermediate filament typing. Mod Pathol 1 (1988) 216-223
202. Jones S.R., Myers E.N., and Barnes L. Benign neoplasms of the larynx. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 17 (1984) 151-178
203. José B., Conley J.G., Tobin D.A., and Dorman D.W. Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx: a case history and literature review. J Surg Oncol 16 (1981) 43-47
204. Justrabo E., Michiels R., Calmettes C., Cabanne F., Bastein H., Horiot J.C., et al. An uncommon apudoma: a functional chemodectoma of the larynx. Report of a case and review of the literature. Acta Otolaryngol 89 (1980) 135-143
205. Kameya T. Spectrum of neuroendocrine marker substance production in carcinoid tumors revealed by immunohistochemistry. In: Lechago J., and Kameya T. (Eds). Endocrine pathology update vol. I (1990), Field & Wood, New York 151-169
206. Kamimura R., Miyata S., Matsui O., Takashima T., and Nonomura A. Carcinoid of the larynx: a case report. Gan No Rinsho 26 (1980) 1255-1258
207. Kasantikul V., Keelawat S., Maneesri S., and Panichabhongse V. Moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (atypical carcinoid) of the larynx. J Med Assoc Thai 80 (1997) 396-401
208. Kau R., and Arnold W. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and therapy of neuroendocrine (APUD) tumors of the head and neck. Acta Otolaryngol 116 (1996) 345-349
209. Kau R.J., Wagner-Manslau C., Saumweber D.M., and Arnold W. Nachweis von Somatostatinrezeptoren in Tumoren des Kopf-Hals-Bereiches und ihre klinische Bedeutung. Laryngorhinootologie 73 (1994) 21-26
210. Keberle M., Strobel P., and Dieler R. 2 cases of exclusively submucous atypical carcinoid of the supraglottic larynx. What is the value of sectional imaging?. Rofo 173 (2001) 668-670 [in German]
211. Khansur T., Subramoni C., and Balducci L. Small-cell carcinoma of the larynx. Ear Nose Throat J 7 (1988) 126-128 [Letter to the Editor]
212. Kim H.-J., and Hwang E.G. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx: imaging findings. Auris Nasus Larynx 24 (1997) 423-427
213. Kim J.H., Lee S.H., Park J., Kim H.Y., Lee S.I., Nam E.M., et al. Extrapulmonary small-cell carcinoma: a single-institution experience. Jpn J Clin Oncol 34 (2004) 250-254
214. Kim K.M., Choi E.C., Hong W.P., and Jeong H.J. Primary carcinoid tumor of the larynx. Yonsei Med J 30 (1989) 193-197
215. Kimmelman C.P., and Haller D.G. Small cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 91 (1983) 708-712
216. Kirkeby S., and Romert P. Argyrophilic cells in the larynx of the guinea pig demonstrated by the method of Grimelius. J Anat 123 (1977) 87-92
217. Klap P., Reizine D., Monteil J.P., Despreaux G., Hadjean E., Merland G.G., et al. Tumeurs et malformations vasculaires du larynx: aspects angiographiques et indications therapeutiques. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 101 (1984) 579-583
218. Kleinsasser O. Das Glomus laryngicum inferius. Ein bisher unbekanntes, nicht chromaffines Paraganglion vom Bau der sogenannten Carotisdrüse im menschlichen Kehlkopf. Arch Ohrenheilk 184 (1964) 214-224
219. Kleinsasser O. Tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx (1988), Thieme, Stuttgart p. 277-88
220. Kliewer K.E., Wen D.-R., Cancilla P.A., and Cochran A.J. Paragangliomas: assessment of prognosis by histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural techniques. Hum Pathol 20 (1989) 29-39
221. Klijanienko J., Vielh P., Duvillard P., and Luboinski B. True carcinosarcoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 106 (1992) 58-60
222. Klochikhin A.L., Markov G.I., Shilenkova V.V., and Mordvintseva M.I. Zlokachestvennaia paraganglioma (khemodektoma) gortani. Vestn Otorinolaringol 1 (1996) 53-54
223. Klussmann J.P., and Eckel H.E. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Ear Nose Throat J 78 (1999) 22-24
224. Konowitz P.M., Lawson W., Som P.M., Urken M.L., Breakstone B.A., and Biller H.F. Laryngeal paraganglioma: update on diagnosis and treatment. Laryngoscope 98 (1988) 40-49
225. Kos L.G., Spiro R.H., and Hajdu S. Small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of minor salivary gland origin. Cancer 30 (1972) 737-741
226. Koshii K., Hirabayashi H., Uno K., et al. A case of carcinoid tumor of the larynx. J Jpn Bronchoesophagol Soc 38 (1987) 452-456
227. Kozhanov L.G., Sergeev S.A., Belous T.A., and Kats V.A. Carcinoid of the larynx. Vestn Otorinolaringol 11 (1987) 76-78 [in Russian]
228. Kumai M., Arakawa T., Nakane T., Shinohara H., Uchida S., Yanai O., et al. Serum serotonin elevated carcinoid tumor of the larynx. Larynx Jpn 8 (1996) 53-55 [in Japanese]
229. Kyriakos M., Berlin B.P., and De Schryver-Kecskemeti K. Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Arch Otolaryngol 104 (1978) 168-176
230. Lablack A, Abdelouahab H. Chemodectomas of the larynx: a case of double localization. In: XIV world congr otorhinolaryngol head neck surg, Madrid, September 10-15, 1989. Abstract 862, p. 253.
231. Laccourreye O., Brasnu D., Carnot F., Fichaux P., and Laccourreye H. Carcinoid (neuroendocrine) tumor of the arytenoid. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 117 (1991) 1395-1399
232. Laccourreye O., Chabardes E., Weinstein G., Carnot F., Brasnu D., and Laccourreye H. Synchronous arytenoid and pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma. J Laryngol Otol 105 (1991) 373-375
233. Lack E. Tumors of the adrenal gland and extra-adrenal paraganglioma. Atlas of tumor pathology, series 3, fasc 19 (1997), Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC
234. Lack E.E., Cubilla A.L., and Woodruff J.M. Paragangliomas of the head and neck region. Hum Pathol 10 (1979) 191-218
235. Lack E.E., Cubilla A.L., Woodruff J.M., and Farr H.W. Paragangliomas of the head and neck region. A clinical study of 69 patients. Cancer 39 (1977) 397-409
236. Lahoz Zamarro M.T., Galve Royo A., and Lázaro Maisanava J.M. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 48 (1997) 667-670 [in Spanish]
237. Landry M.M., Sarma D.P., and Haindel C.J. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx. J La State Med Soc 142 (1990) 24-27
238. Larsen L.G., and Jacobsen G.K. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx. APMIS 97 (1989) 748-753
239. Laudadio P. Chemodectoma (paraganglioma non cromaffine) del glomo laringeo superiore. Otorinolaringol Ital 39 (1971) 19-31
240. Lawson N., and Zak F.G. The glomus bodies ("paraganglia") of the human larynx. Laryngoscope 84 (1974) 98-111
241. In: Lechago J., and Kameya T. (Eds). Endocrine pathology update vol. I (1990), Field & Wood, New York
242. Lehmann W, Widmann JJ, Pipard G, Peytremann R, Plattner H, Montandon P. Tumeur carcinoïde du larynx. In: XIV Congr Soc Franç Carcinol Cervico-fac, Lyon, 1981.
243. Leonardelli G.B., Cova P.L., Pignataro O., and Sambataro G. Carcinoma anaplastico a piccole cellule (cd. microcitoma) primitivo della laringe (1 caso e revisione della letteratura. Nuovo Arch Ital Otol 8 (1980) 175-184
244. Levenson R.M., Ihde D.C., Matthews M.J., Cohen M.H., Gazdar A.F., Bunn P.A., et al. Small cell carcinoma presenting as an extra-pulmonary neoplasm: sites of origin and response to chemotherapy. JNCI 67 (1981) 607-612
245. Lewis D.J., and Prentice D.E. The ultrastructure of rat laryngeal epithelia. J Anat 130 (1980) 617-632
246. Liang C.H. Pathology and biologic behavior of laryngeal carcinoid. Chin J Otorhinolaryngol 24 (1989) 98-100 [in Chinese]
247. Lindell Jr. M.M., Jing B., and Luna M.A. Glomus laryngicum superior: a case studied arteriographically. Am J Roentgenol 136 (1981) 618-619
248. Lindell Jr. M.M., and Jing B. Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Am J Roentgenol 107 (1981) 506-509
249. Lippi L., and Porzio P. Il carcinoide laringeo: revisione bibliografica e presentazione di un caso. Riv ORL Aud Fon 5 (1985) 137-140
250. Lloyd R.V. Endocrine pathology (1990), Springer-Verlag, New York
251. Logue J.P., Banerjee S.S., Slevin N.J., and Vasanthan S. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 105 (1991) 1031-1035
252. Lo Re G., Canzonieri V., Veronesi A., Dal Bo V., Barzan L., Zancanaro C., et al. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma: a single-institution experience and review of the literature. Ann Oncol 5 (1994) 909-913
253. Lorenz III S.A., and Arena S. Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. Penn Med 82 (1979) 41-42
254. Löwenheim H, Kröber SM, Polligkeit J, Dammann F, Simon C, Zenner H-P, et al. Atypical carcinoid of the larynx treated by laser surgery, submitted for publication.
255. Luboinski B., Bosq J.M., Marandas P., Domenge C., and Hayem M. Tumeurs neuroendocrines du larynx. A propos d'un cas. In: Leroux-Robert J., and Pech A. (Eds). Les chémodectomes (paragangliomes) cervico-céphaliques (1984), Masson, Paris 115-122
256. Machens A., Holzhausen H.J., and Dralle H. Minimally invasive surgery for recurrent neuroendocrine carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 256 (1999) 242-246
257. Mafee M.F., Langer B., Valvassori G.E., Soboroff B.J., and Friedman M. Radiologic diagnosis of nonsquamous tumors of the head and neck. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 19 (1986) 507-521
258. Maisel R., Schmidt D., and Pambuccian S. Subglottic laryngeal paraganglioma. Laryngoscope 113 (2003) 401-405
259. Marandas P., Lepajolec C., Bosq J., Schwaab G., Piekarski J.D., Lengrand D., et al. Etude clinique des paragangliomes cervico-céphaliques suivis à l'Institut Gustave-Roussy. A propos de 19 cas. In: Leroux-Robert J., and Pech A. (Eds). Les chémodectomes (paragangliomes) cervico-céfaliques (1984), Masson, Paris 27-36
260. Markel S.F., Magielski J.E., and Beals T.F. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx. Arch Otolaryngol 106 (1980) 777-778
261. Markowska A., Wojtala R., and Szydlo Z. Chemodectoma laryngis. Patol Polska 27 (1976) 75-78
262. Marks P.V., and Brookes G.B. Malignant paraganglioma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 97 (1983) 1183-1188
263. Markowski J., Gierek T., Kajor M., Kulesa L., Witkowska M., and Ciupinska-Kajor M. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx-review of literature and report of 2 own cases. Otolaryngol Pol 57 (2003) 291-294 [in Polish]
264. Martinez-Madrigal F., Bosq J., Micheau Ch., Nivet P., and Luboinski B. Paragangliomas of the head and neck. Immunohistochemical analysis of 16 cases in comparison with neuro-endocrine carcinomas. Pathol Res Pract 187 (1991) 814-823
265. Martinson F.D. Chemodectoma of the "glomus laryngicum inferior". Arch Otolaryngol 86 (1967) 70-73
266. Marzuoli L., Strunski V., Laurette F., and Goin M. Carcinoïdes primitifs du larynx. A Propos d'un cas. Revue de la littérature. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 110 (1993) 103-108
267. McBride L.C., Righi P.D., and Krakovitz P.R. Case study of well-differentiated carcinoid tumor of the larynx and review of laryngeal neuroendocrine tumors. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 120 (1999) 536-539
268. McCluggage W.G., Bharucha H., Cameron C.H.S., and Toner P.G. Amphicrine carcinoma of the larynx. Histopathology 24 (1994) 182-185
269. McCluggage W.G., Cameron C.H.S., Arthur K., and Toner P.G. Atypical carcinoid tumor of the larynx: an immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and flow cytometric analysis. Ultrastruct Pathol 21 (1997) 431-438
270. Medina J.E., Moran M., and Goepfert H. Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx and Eaton-Lambert syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol 110 (1984) 123-126
271. Michaels L. Neurogenic tumors, granular cell tumor, and paraganglioma. Can J Otolaryngol 4 (1975) 319-327
272. Michaels L. Pathology of the larynx (1984), Springer-Verlag, Berlin p. 285-300
273. Michaels L. Atlas of ear, nose and throat pathology. In: Gresham G.A. (Ed). Current histopathology vol. 16 (1990), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 108-116
274. Michaels L. Ear, nose, and throat histopathology. J Pathol 165 (1991) 263-267
275. Mills S.E., and Johns M.E. Atypical carcinoid tumor of the larynx. A light microscopic and ultrastructural study. Arch Otolaryngol 110 (1984) 58-62
276. Mills S.E. Neuroectodermal neoplasms of the head and neck with emphasis on neuroendocrine carcinomas. Mod Pathol 15 (2002) 264-278
277. Mills S.E., Gaffey M.J., and Frierson Jr. H.F. Atlas of tumor pathology: tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract and ear, 3rd series (2000), Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington
278. Mills S.E., Cooper P.H., Garland T.A., and Johns M.E. Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the larynx: report of two patients and review of 13 additional cases. Cancer 51 (1983) 116-120
279. Milroy C.M. Paragangliomas of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 107 (1993) 664-666 [Letter to the Editor]
280. Milroy C.M., and Ferlito A. Immunohistochemical markers in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the head and neck. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 104 (1995) 413-418
281. Milroy C.M., Robinson P.J., and Grant H.R. Primary composite squamous cell carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the hypopharynx. J Laryngol Otol 103 (1989) 1093-1096
282. Milroy C.M., Rode J., and Moss E. Laryngeal paragangliomas and neuroendocrine carcinomas. Histopathology 18 (1991) 201-209
283. Milroy C.M., Williams R.A., Charlton I.G., Moss E., and Rode J. DNA ploidy in laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas and paragangliomas. J Pathol 160 (1990) 156A
284. Milroy C.M., Williams R.A., Charlton I.G., Moss E., and Rode J. Nuclear ploidy in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 53 (1991) 245-249
285. Mineta H., Miura K., Takebayashi S., Araki K., Ueda Y., Harada H., et al. Immunohistochemical analysis of small cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a report of four patients and a review of sixteen patients in the literature with ectopic hormone production. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 110 (2001) 76-82
286. Mirejovsky P., and Hrobon M. Small-cell carcinoma of the larynx. Cesk Patol 11 (1975) 45-49 [in Czech]
287. Miyahara H., Sato T., Yoshino K., Umatani K., and Tsuruta Y. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx. Pract Otol 81 (1988) 1761-1767
288. Modlin I.M., and Sandor A. An analysis of 8305 cases of carcinoid tumors. Cancer 79 (1997) 813-829
289. Mohan H., Aggarwal R., and Abrol R. Laryngeal paraganglioma. J Otolaryngol 30 (2001) 357-358
290. Moisa I.I. Neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx. Head Neck 13 (1991) 498-508
291. Moisa I.I., and Silver C.E. Treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 53 (1991) 259-264
292. Molina Ruiz Del Portal J.M., Dávila A., Jiménez V., Fernández Crehuet M.J., Pérez Arcos J.A., and Urquiza R. Small-cell carcinoma of the larynx. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 51 (2000) 179-182 [in Spanish]
293. Morales C., Tomas Bezos J., Alvarez-Quinones Sanz M., Garcia Mantilla J., and Carrera F. Carcinoma neuroendocrino de laringe productor de calcitonina: tumor carcinoide atipico. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 47 (1996) 333-335
294. Morice W.G., and Ferreiro J.A. Distinction of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma from adenoid cystic and small cell undifferentiated carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Hum Pathol 29 (1998) 609-612
295. Morrison M.D., in discussion, and Ferlito A. Diagnosis and treatment of small cell carcinoma of the larynx: a critical review. Trans Am Laryngol Ass 107 (1986) 159-160
296. Mullins J.D., Newman R.K., and Coltman Jr. C.A. Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx: a case report and review of the literature. Cancer 43 (1979) 711-717
297. Murcia Puchades V., Dalmau Galofre J., Pons Rocher F., Mompo Romero L., Guallart Domenec F., and Serrano Badia F. Carcinoma indiferenciado de celulas pequenas (oat cell) de la laringe. A proposito de un caso. An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am 20 (1993) 167-172
298. Myerowitz R.L., Barnes E.L., and Myers E. Small cell anaplastic (oat cell) carcinoma of the larynx: report of a case and review of the literature. Laryngoscope 88 (1978) 1697-1702
299. Myers T.J., and Kessimian N. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx and ectopic antidiuretic hormone secretion. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 113 (1995) 301-304
300. Myssiorek D. Head and neck paragangliomas: an overview. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 34 (2001) 829-836
301. Myssiorek D., Halaas Y., and Silver C. Laryngeal and sinonasal paragangliomas. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 34 (2001) 971-982
302. Myssiorek D., Madnani D., and Delacure M.D. The external approach for submucosal lesions of the larynx. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 125 (2001) 370-373
303. Myssiorek D., Rinaldo A., Barnes L., and Ferlito A. Laryngeal paraganglioma: an updated critical review. Acta Otolaryngol 124 (2004) 995-999
304. Neto R.C. Quimiodectoma da laringe. Rev Ass Med Brasil 26 (1980) 61-62
305. Nikolaev M.P., and Antonova N.A. Khemodectoma gortani. Vestn Otorinolaringol 5 (1976) 104-105
306. Nirchio V., Bisceglia M., Bosman C., Magaldi L., Cimino G., and Pretto G. Microcitoma primitivo della laringe. Segnalazione di un caso, studio ultrastrutturale e rassegna della letteratura. Pathologica 87 (1995) 171-174
307. Nonomura A., Shintani T., Kono N., Kamimura R., and Ohta G. Primary carcinoid tumor of the larynx and review of the literature. Acta Pathol Jpn 33 (1983) 1041-1049
308. Ohsawa M., Kurita Y., Horie A., and Kurita K. Malignant chemodectoma (paraganglioma) of the larynx. A case report with electron microscopy and biochemical assay. Acta Pathol Jpn 33 (1983) 1279-1288
309. O'Leary T.G., Kotecha B., and Butterworth D. Carcinoid tumour of the larynx: a case report and clinico-pathological review. Ir J Med Sci 160 (1991) 109-111
310. Olofsson J., and van Nostrand A.W.P. Anaplastic small cell carcinoma of larynx. Case report. Ann Otol 81 (1972) 284-287
311. Olofsson J., Gröntoft O., Sökjer H., and Risberg B. Paraganglioma involving the larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 46 (1984) 57-65
312. Osuch-Wojcikiewicz E. Neuroendokrynne raki krtani. Otolaryngol Pol 47 (1993) 502-505
313. Ottinetti A., Colombo E., Dardano F., Migliora P., Picciotto F., Zaccagna A., et al. Cutaneous metastasis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx: report of a case. J Cutan Pathol 30 (2003) 512-515
314. Overholt S.M., Donovan D.T., Schwartz M.R., Laucirica R., Green L.K., and Alford B.R. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx. Laryngoscope 105 (1995) 789-794
315. Overholt SM, Donovan DT, Schwartz MR, Alford BR. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Am Laryngol Rhinol Otol Soc, La Jolla, California, 1994, Communication n 62.
316. Özünlü A., Dündar A., Satar B., and Günhan O. Laryngeal paraganglioma. A review and report of a single case. J Laryngol Otol 110 (1996) 519-526
317. Pages A., Pignodel C., and Ramos J. Carcinoïde du larynx. Etude ultra-structurelle et immunofluorescence. Ann Pathol 3 (1983) 59-64
318. Paladugu R.R., Nathwani B.N., Goodstein J., Dardi L.E., Memoli V.E., and Gould V.E. Carcinoma of the larynx with mucosubstance production and neuroendocrine differentiation: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study. Cancer 49 (1982) 343-349
319. Pardo Mindan F.J., Algarra S.M., Lozano B.R., and Tapia R.G. Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. A study of six new cases. Histopathology 14 (1989) 75-80
320. Patterson S.D., and Yarington Jr. C.T. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx: the role of conservative therapy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 96 (1987) 12-14
321. Pedrazzini A., Pedrinis E., Luscieti P., Losa G., and Cavalli F. Ein Fall von metastasierendem Paragangliom des Larynx. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 113 (1983) 1363-1366
322. Pellitteri P.K., Rinaldo A., Myssiorek D., Jackson C.G., Bradley P.J., Shaha A.R., et al. Paragangliomas of the head and neck. Oral Oncol 40 (2004) 563-575
323. Pérez Fernández F., Delgado Moreno F., Gandul Merchan A., Abrante Jimenez A., and Lopez Palomo J. Carcinoma neuroendocrino de la laringe. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 47 (1996) 484-486
324. Perrin C., Floquet J., Andre J.M., Plenat J.F., and Petit C. Reflexions à propos d'un chémodectome laryngé. Rev Otoneuroophtalmol 50 (1978) 173-179
325. Pesce C., Tobia-Galleli F., and Toncini C. APUD cells of the larynx. Acta Otolaryngol 98 (1984) 158-162
326. Peterson K.L., Fu Y.-S., and Calcaterra T. Subglottic paraganglioma. Head Neck 19 (1997) 54-56
327. 2 laser excision: case report. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 23 (2003) 43-46 [in Italian]
328. Piquet J.J., Dupont A., and Houcke M. Les paragangliomes non chromaffines du larynx. Etude clinique et au microscopie electronique. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 93 (1976) 255-262
329. Pizzi GB, Sotti G, Zorat PL, Tomio L, Calzavara F, Polidoro F, et al. Chemo-radiotherapy regimen in the treatment of the oat-cell carcinoma of the larynx. In: UICC conference on clinical oncology, Lausanne, Switzerland, 1981. Abstract 02-0104.
330. Polli G., Ciabatti P.G., and Salimbeni C. Su di un caso di paraganglioma branchiomerico non funzionale della laringe. Riv ORL Aud Fon 1 (1983) 123-126
331. Porto D.P., Wick M.R., Ewing S.L., and Adams G.L. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Am J Otolaryngol 9 (1987) 97-104
332. Posner M.R., Weichselbaum R.R., Carrol E., Fabian R.L., Miller D., and Ervin T.J. Small cell carcinomas of the larynx: results of combined modality treatments. Laryngoscope 93 (1983) 946-948
333. Pyd M., Chodynicki S., and Dzieciol J. Chemodectoma krtani. Otolaryngol Pol 50 (1996) 95-100
334. Radici M., Croce A., Leante M., and Bicciolo G. Metastasi alla laringe da neoplasie primitive sistemiche. Revisione critica. Valsalva 63 (1988) 105-110
335. Reddy G.N., Vrabec D.P., and Bernath A.M. Primary oat cell arcinoma of the larynx. Penn Med 83 (1980) 22
336. Reinfuss M., and Kowalska T. Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Two case reports. Strahlenther Onkol 170 (1994) 365-366
337. Remick S.C., Hafez G.R., and Carbone P.P. Extrapulmonary small-cell carcinoma. A review of the literature with emphasis on therapy and outcome. Medicine 66 (1987) 457-471
338. Remick S.C., and Ruckdeschel J.C. Extrapulmonary and pulmonary small-cell carcinoma: tumor biology, therapy, and outcome. Med Pediatr Oncol 20 (1992) 89-99
339. Richardson R.L., and Weiland L.H. Undifferentiated small cell carcinomas in extrapulmonary sites. Semin Oncol 9 (1982) 484-496
340. Rinaldo A., Devaney K.O., and Ferlito A. Immunohistochemical studies in support of a diagnosis of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Acta Otolaryngol 124 (2004) 638-641
341. Rinaldo A., Ferlito A., Myssiorek D., and Devaney K.O. Which paragangliomas of the head and neck have a higher rate of malignancy?. Oral Oncol 40 (2004) 458-460
342. Robinson S., Hains D., and Whyte A. Paraganglioma of the larynx. Aust J Otolaryngol 2 (1997) 494-496
343. Romero J.M., Bori M.A., Lacasa M., Escolán A., and Campos R. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Review of literature in reference to one case report. An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am 25 (1998) 105-111 [in Spanish]
344. Rubin A.D., Cheng S.S., and Bradford C.R. Laryngeal paraganglioma in a patient with multiple head and neck paragangliomas. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 132 (2005) 520-522
345. Rubin JS, Silver CE. Surgical approach to vascular tumors of the supraglottis. In: Proceedings of the second international conference on head and neck cancer, Boston, 1988. Abstract 285.
346. Rüfenacht H., Mihatsch M.J., Jundt K., Gächter A., Tanner K., and Heitz Ph.U. Gastric epithelioid leiomyomas, pulmonary chondroma, non-functioning metastasizing extra-adrenal paraganglioma and myxoma: a variant of Carney's triad. Report of a patient. Klin Wochenschr 63 (1985) 282-284 [in German]
347. Rzepecki W., and Reinfuss M. Drobnokomorkowy rak krtani. Analiza pismiennictwa i dwoch wlasnych przypadkow. Otolaryngol Pol 48 (1994) 83-85
348. Said J.W., Vimadalal S., Nash G., Shintaku I.P., Heusser R.C., Sassoon A.F., et al. Immunoreactive neuron-specific enolase, bombesin and chromogranin as markers for neuroendocrine lung tumours. Hum Pathol 16 (1985) 236-240
349. Saldana M.J., Salem L.E., and Travezan R. High altitude hypoxia and chemodectomas. Hum Pathol 4 (1973) 251-263
350. Saleh E.M., Mancuso A.A., and Stringer S.P. CT of submucosal and occult laryngeal masses. J Comput Assist Tomogr 16 (1992) 87-93
351. Salim S.A., Milroy C., Rode J., Corrin B., and Hamid Q. Immunocytochemical characterization of neuroendocrine tumours of the larynx. Histopathology 23 (1993) 69-73
352. Salvador Villalba I., Martinez Leandro E., Alemany Monraval P., Martorell cebollada M., and Basterra Alegre J. Carcinoma neuroendocrino medianamente diferenciado de laringe. A proposito de un caso. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 46 (1995) 377-380
353. Sanders K.W., Abreo F., Rivera E., Stucker F.J., and Nathan C.-A.O. A diagnostic and therapeutic approach to paragangliomas of the larynx. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 127 (2001) 565-569
354. Sano M., Kitahara N., and Toma M. Hypopharyngeal small cell carcinoma: a case report. Auris Nasus Larynx 32 (2005) 319-322
355. Sato K., Higaki Y., Sakaguki S., Hirano M., Tanimura A., and Sasaguri Y. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx. Auris Nasus Larynx 18 (1991) 39-53
356. Sato H., Watanabe M., Kano M., Ogawa H., Matsuzuka T., Suzuki M., et al. A case of laryngeal paraganglioma. Larynx Jpn 15 (2003) 132-135 [in Japanese]
357. Schaefer S.D., Blend B.L., and Denton J.G. Laryngeal paragangliomas: evaluation and treatment. Am J Otolaryngol 1 (1980) 451-455
358. Schall L.A. An extra laryngeal approach for certain benign lesions of the larynx. Trans Am Laryngol Assoc 80 (1959) 36-47
359. Schild J.A., and Cohen M.H. Laryngeal nonchromaffin paraganglioma. Trans Am Laryngol Assoc 106 (1985) 149-152
360. Schmidt U., Metz K.A., Schrader M., and Leder L.-D. Well-differentiated (oncocytoid) neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with multiple skin metastases: a brief report. J Laryngol Otol 108 (1994) 272-274
361. Schol D.J., Mooi W.J., van der Gugten A.A., Wagenaar S.S., and Hilgers J. Monoclonal antibody 123c3, identifying small cell lung carcinoma phenotype in lung tumours, recognizes mainly, but not exclusively, endocrine and neuron-supporting normal tissues. Int J Cancer 2 Suppl (1988) 34-40
362. Schurch W. Carcinoïde du larynx à comportement biologique agressif. Union Méd Can 112 (1983) 638-639
363. Sengoz M., Abacioglu U., Salepci T., Eren F., Yumuk F., and Turhal S. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma: multimodality treatment results. Tumori 89 (2003) 274-277
364. Sesi M, Dierks E, Burns D. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx. In: Proceedings of the second international conference on head and neck cancer, Boston, 1988. Abstract n. 138.
365. Sesterhenn A.M., Folz B.J., Lippert B.M., Janig U., and Werner J.A. Laser surgical treatment of laryngeal paraganglioma. J Laryngol Otol 117 (2003) 641-646
366. Shanmugaratnam K. World Health Organization. International histological classification of tumours. Histological typing of tumours of the upper respiratory tract and ear. 2nd ed. (1991), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
367. Shemen L., Petratos P., Patel S., and Horowitz L. Infiltrating, moderately differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of the larynx: a brief report. Ear Nose Throat J 82 (2003) 205-207
368. Scheuermann K., and Delank K.W. Paraneoplastic syndromes in ENT surgery. HNO 51 (2003) 332-336 [in German]
369. Shiotani A., Kawaura M., Fukuda H., Tanaka Y., Sako T., Sasaki S., et al. Primary small cell carcinoma of the larynx. Auris Nasus Larynx 21 (1994) 126-131
370. Shipton E.A., and van der Linde J.C. Paraganglioma of the larynx. S Afr Med J 65 (1984) 176-177
371. Sizeland A.M., Grey P.A., and Farrar D.T. Laryngeal carcinoid. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 101 (1989) 480-484
372. Sjulin D.H., Johansson S.L., Lydiatt D.D., and Foley J.F. Moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Pathologic quiz case 2. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 121 (1995) 695-697
373. Smets G., Warson F., Dehou M.F., Storme G., Sacrè R., van Belle S., Somers G., et al. Metastasizing neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with calcitonin and somatostatin secretion and CEA production, resembling medullary thyroid carcinoma. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol 416 (1990) 539-543
374. Smith O., Youngs R., Snell D., and van Nostrand P. Paraganglioma of the larynx. J Otolaryngol 17 (1988) 293-301
375. Sneige N., Mackay B., Ordonez N.G., and Batsakis J.G. Laryngeal paraganglioma. Report of two tumors with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis. Arch Otolaryngol 109 (1983) 113-117
376. Snyderman C., Johnson J.T., and Barnes L. Carcinoid tumor of the larynx: case report and review of the world literature. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 95 (1986) 158-164
377. Soga J., Ferlito A., and Rinaldo A. Endocrinocarcinomas (carcinoids and their variants) of the larynx: a comparative consideration with those of other sites. Oral Oncol 40 (2004) 668-672
378. Soga J., Osaka M., and Yakuwa Y. Laryngeal endocrinomas (carcinoids and relevant neoplasms): analysis of 278 reported cases. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 21 (2002) 5-13
379. Soga J. Carcinoids and their variant endocrinomas. An analysis of 11842 reported cases. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 22 (2003) 517-530
380. Solcia E., Rindi G., and Capella C. Neuroendocrine tumours and hyperplasias. In: Filipe M.I., and Lake B.D. (Eds). Histochemistry in pathology (1990), Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh 397-409
381. Solcia E., Capella C., Buffa R., Usellini L., Fiocca R., Sessa F., et al. The contribution of immunohistochemistry to the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol 1 (1984) 285-296
382. Sole J., Jurgens A., Musulen E., Lacasta A., Guedea F., Quer M., et al. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx: results of therapy. Bull Cancer Radiother 81 (1994) 45-48
383. Soussi A.C., Benghiat A., Holgate C.S., and Majumdar B. Neuro-endocrine tumours of the head and neck. J Laryngol Otol 104 (1990) 504-507
384. Soylu L., Özcan C., Çetik F., Paydas S., Kiroglu M., Aydogan B., et al. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx. Am J Otolaryngol 15 (1994) 375-378
385. Spagnolo D.V., and Paradinas F.J. Laryngeal neuroendocrine tumour with features of a paraganglioma, intracytoplasmic lumina and acinar formation. Histopathology 9 (1985) 117-131
386. Spiro R.H. Salivary neoplasms: overview of a 35-year experience with 2,807 patients. Head Neck Surg 8 (1986) 177-184
387. Springall D.R., Ibrahim N.B.N., Rode J., Sharpe M.S., Bloom S.R., and Polak J.M. Endocrine differentiation of extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma demonstrated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies to PGP 9.5, neuron-specific enolase and the C-flanking peptide of human pro-bombesin. J Pathol 150 (1986) 151-162
388. Squillaci S., and Gal A.A. Galanin immunoreactivity in a laryngeal paraganglioma: case report and literature review. Pathologica 96 (2004) 111-116 [in Italian]
389. Stanley R.J., DeSanto L.W., and Weiland L.H. Oncocytic and oncocytoid carcinoid tumors (well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas) of the larynx. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 112 (1986) 529-535
390. Stanley R.J., Weiland L.H., and Neel III H.B. Pain-inducing laryngeal paraganglioma: report of the ninth case and review of the literature. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 95 (1986) 107-112
391. Stanley R.J., Scheithauer B.W., Weiland L.H., and Neel III H.B. Neural and neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 96 (1987) 630-638
392. Stearns M.P. Chemodectoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 96 (1982) 1181-1185
393. Steinberg D.M., and Kashima H.K. Atypical carcinoid tumor (moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma) of the larynx. Pathologic quiz case 2. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 124 (1998) 219 221-2
394. Sterba J. Metastazujici achromafinni paraganliom. Plezn Lek Sborn 30 (1968) 81-84
395. Sun C.J., Hall-Craggs M., and Adler B. Oat cell carcinoma of larynx. Arch Otolaryngol 107 (1981) 506-509
396. Sweeney E.C., McDonnell L., and O'Brien C. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid presenting as tumours of the pharynx and larynx. Histopathology 5 (1981) 263-275
397. Sykes J.M., and Ossoff R.H. Paragangliomas of the head and neck. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 19 (1986) 755-767
398. Szwalski J., and Sporny T.S. Trudnosci rozpoznawcze w przypadku przyzwojaka niechromochlonnego krtani. Wiad Lek 39 (1986) 1568-1572
399. Szymczyk K., Szczurek Z., Bluszcz A., Czecior E., Kubik P., and Sabat D. Carcinoid of the larynx. Otolaryngol Pol 45 (1991) 354-358 [in Polish]
400. Tabbara I.A., and Levine P.A. Small-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. A novel treatment regimen. Am J Clin Oncol 14 (1991) 416-418
401. Tachi T., Tamori M., Kamimura R., Shintani T., and Fukushiro R. Laryngeal carcinoid tumor with skin metastasis. Jpn J Clin Dermatol 35 (1981) 581-586
402. Taira K. Endocrine-like cells in the laryngeal mucosa of adult rabbits demonstrated by electron microscopy and by the Grimelius silver-impregnation method. Biomed Res 6 (1985) 377-385
403. Takeuchi K., Nishii S., Jin C.S., Ukai K., and Sakakura Y. Anaplastic small cell carcinoma of the larynx. Auris Nasus Larynx 16 (1989) 127-132
404. Tamai S., Iri H., Maruyama T., Kasahara M., Akatsura S., Sakurai S., and Murakami Y. Laryngeal carcinoid tumor: light and electron microscopic studies. Cancer 48 (1981) 2256-2259
405. Tanaka M., Hasegawa T., Kin S., Tamaoki H., Kotou K., and Yoshida J. A case of atypical carcinoid of the larynx. Otolaryngology 59 (1987) 663-669
406. Tezel I, Onart S, Erisen L, Tolunay S. Laryngeal paraganglioma. Proceedings of 20th Turkish National Otorhinolaryngology Congress, Girne/Cyprus; 1997. p. 133-4.
407. Thirlwall A.S., Bailey C.M., Ramsay A.D., and Wyatt M. Laryngeal paraganglioma in five-year-old child - the youngest case ever recorded. J Laryngol Otol 113 (1999) 62-64
408. Thompson D.H., Kao Y.H., Klos J., Fay J., and Fetter T.W. Primary small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the larynx associated with IgD multiple myeloma. Laryngoscope 92 (1982) 1239-1244
409. Tobin H.A., and Harris H.H. Nonchromaffin paraganglioma of the larynx: case report and review of the literature. Arch Otolaryngol 96 (1972) 154-157
410. Torrico Roman P., Vega Cuadri A., Montero Garcia C., Pando Pinto J., Blasco Huelva A., and Gomez de Tejada R. Laryngeal paraganglioma. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 49 (1998) 75-77 [in Spanish]
411. Trabka-Zawicki P., Skladzien J., Zawilinski J., and Wierzchowski W. Diagnostic difficulties in neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Otolaryngol Pol 56 (2002) 433-435 [in Polish]
412. Triantafilidi J.G., and Nasyrov V.A. Chemodectomas with an outlet into the parapharyngeal space and larynx. Vestn Otorinolaringol 5 (1980) 83 [in Russian]
413. Trotoux J., Glickmanas M., Sterkers O., Trousset M., and Pinel J. Syndrome de Schwartz-Bartter: révélateur d'un cancer laryngé sous-glottique à petites cellules. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 96 (1979) 349-358
414. Ugumori T., Hyodo M., and Yomoto E. Primary small cell carcinoma of the larynx - A case report. Larynx Jpn 11 (1999) 68-71 [in Japanese]
415. Urso C., Messerini L., de Meester W., and Ferri G. Paraganglioma (chemodectoma). Presentazione di 2 casi. Pathologica 81 (1989) 611-616
416. Uvarov A.A., and Ogoltsova E.S. Zlokachestvennaia paraganglioma gortani. Vestn Otorinolaringol 1 (1983) 76-77
417. Vallejo Valdezate L.A., Menendez Arguelles M.E., Diaz Suarez I., Gil-Carcedo Sanudo E., Cuetos Azcona M., Gil-Carcedo Garcia L.M., et al. Small-cell laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma. A case report and review of literature. An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am 29 (2002) 505-514 [in Spanish]
418. van Vroonhoven T.J., Peutz W.H., and Tjan T.G. Presurgical devascularization of a laryngeal paraganglioma. Arch Otolaryngol 108 (1982) 600-602
419. Verzhbitskii G.V., and Darovskii B.G. Malignant chemodectoma of the larynx. Zh Ushn Nos Gorl Bolezn 3 (1975) 92-93 [in Russian]
420. Vetters J.M., and Toner P.G. Chemodectoma of larynx. J Pathol 101 (1970) 259-265
421. Vildé F., Arkwright S., Paoli C., Perichon I., Le Charpentier Y., and Le Bodic M.F. Carcinome neuroendocrine laryngé avec sécrétion de calcitonine: cancer primitif ou métastase d'un cancer médullaire de la thyroïde. Ann Pathol 16 (1996) 104-107
422. Vrabec D.P., and Bartels L.J. Small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the larynx: review of the literature and report of a case. Laryngoscope 90 (1980) 1720-1726
423. Wasniewska E., Wierzbicka M., Majewski P., and Szyfter W. Neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx. Otolaryngol Pol 58 (2004) 1097-1101 [in Polish]
424. Wasserman P.G., and Savargaonkar P. Paragangliomas: classification, pathology, and differential diagnosis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 34 (2001) 845-862
425. Watters G.W.R., and Molyneux A.J. Atypical carcinoid tumour of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol 109 (1995) 455-458
426. Watzka M. Über Paraganglien in der Plica ventricularis des menschlichen Kehlkopfes. Dtsch Med Forsch 1 (1963) 19-20
427. Weidauer H., Blobel G.A., Nemetschek-Gansler H., Gould V.E., and Mall G. Das neuro-endokrine Larynxkarzinom vom kleinzelligen (oat-cell) Typ. Morphologische und immunohistochemische Befunde und ihre Bedeutung fur die Therapie. Laryngorhinootologie 64 (1985) 121-127
428. Weighill J.S., Tankel J.W., and Mene A. Carcinoid tumour of the larynx (a case report and review of the literature). J Laryngol Otol 100 (1986) 1421-1426
429. Welkoborsky H.J., Sorger K., Moll R., and Collo D. Primäres Larynxkarzinoid. Fallvorstellung und Literaturübersicht. Laryngorhinootologie 67 (1988) 559-563
430. Wenig B.M. Neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx. Head Neck 14 (1992) 332-334 [Letter to the Editor]
431. Wenig B.M., and Gnepp D.R. The spectrum of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx. Semin Diagn Pathol 6 (1989) 329-350
432. Wenig B.M., Hyams V.J., and Heffner D.K. Moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx: a clinicopathologic study of 54 cases. Cancer 62 (1988) 2658-2676
433. Werner J.A., Hansmann M.-L., Lippert B.M., and Rudert H. Laryngeal paraganglioma and pregnancy. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 54 (1992) 163-167
434. Wetmore R.F., Tronzo R.D., Lane R.J., and Lowey L.D. Nonfunctional paraganglioma of the larynx: clinical and pathological considerations. Cancer 48 (1981) 2717-2723
435. Wick M.R. Immunohistology of neuroendocrine and neuroectodermal tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol 17 (2000) 194-203
436. Wick M.R., Abenoza P., and Manivel J.C. Diagnostic immunohistopathology. In: Gnepp D.R. (Ed). Pathology of the head (1988), Churchill Livingstone, New York 191-261
437. Wilhelm H.J., Dietz R., and Schondorf J. Diagnostik und Therapie seltener Tumoren im Larynx-Pharynx-Bereich. Laryngorhinootologie 59 (1980) 137-143
438. von Wöckel W., Rose K.-G., and Stanulla H. Zur Kenntnis der Chemodektome des Kehlkopfes. Z Laryngol Rhinol 44 (1965) 768-775
439. Woodruff J.M., and Senie R.T. Atypical carcinoid tumor of the larynx. A critical review of the literature. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 53 (1991) 194-209
440. Woodruff J.M., Huvos A.G., and Shah J.P. Endocrine carcinomas of the larynx: a study of 12 cases. Lab Invest 50 (1984) 68A
441. Woodruff J.M., Huvos A.G., Erlandson R.A., Shah J.P., and Gerold F.P. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx. A study of two types, one of which mimics thyroid medullary carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 9 (1985) 771-790
442. Yamanaka J., Yao K., and Kohno H. A case of primary laryngeal carcinoid with the carcinoid syndrome and rapid clinical course. Kitasato Med 27 (1997) 110-113 [in Japanese]
443. Yoshihara T., Kubota I., Narita N., and Ishii T. Primary small cell carcinoma of the larynx. Larynx Jpn 3 (1991) 103-109 [in Japanese]
444. Yu Y.C., Miyazaki J., and Shin T. Neuroendocrine cells in the cat laryngeal epithelium. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 253 (1996) 287-293
445. Yuan Y.G., Han D.M., Yang B.Q., and Yu Z.K. Laryngeal carcinoid tumours: report of three cases. J Otolaryngol 28 (1999) 54-56
446. Yucel O.T., Sokmensuer C., Gedikoglu G., and Ayas K. Combined small cell and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: short communication. Tumori 86 (2000) 434-436
447. Zachariah K.J., and Shah J.H. Chemodectoma of larynx. J Laryngol Otol 86 (1972) 1213-1218
448. Zalewski P., Szram S., Buczylko K., and Zielinska-Blizniewska H. Apudoma: a rare case of the laryngeal tumor. Otolaryngol Pol 47 (1993) 374-377 [in Polish]
449. Zambruno G., Bertazzoni M.G., Botticelli A., Manca V., and Giannetti A. Carcinome neuro-endocrine du larynx avec métastases cutanées. Ann Dermatol Venereol 116 (1989) 855-858
450. Zeitlhofer J. Ungewöhnlicher Tumor im Larynx (chromophobes Paragangliom. Mschr Ohrenheilk 89 (1955) 133-136
451. Zikk D., Samuel Y., Jossipohov J., Green I., and Bloom J. Paraganglioma of the subglottic larynx. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 49 (1987) 270-275
452. Zimmerman JM, Mao V, Keane WM. Subglottic paraganglioma: a presentation of two cases. Scientific Poster (no 78) presented to the Annual Meeting of the American academy of otolaryngology - head and neck surgery foundation, Inc.; Washington: 2000.
453. Brown S.M., and Myssiorek D. Lateral thyrotomy for excision of laryngeal paragangliomas. Laryngoscope 116 (2006) 157-159
454. Sone M., Uchida I., Tominaga M., Sugiura S., Nagasaka T., and Nakashima T. Small cell carcinoma of the larynx treated with irinotecan and cisplatin. Auris Nasus Larynx 33 (2006) 223-225
455. Gaba A., Mbaoma R., Breining D., Smith R.V., Beitler J.J., and Haigentz Jr. M. Unusual sites of malignancies. Case 1. Small-cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx. J Clin Oncol 23 (2005) 2094-2096
456. Procopio G., Ricotta R., Fusi A., Celio L., De Dosso S., Catena L., Ferrari L., Quattrone P., Verzoni E., and Bajetta E. Neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx: a clinical report and literature review. Tumori 92 (2006) 72-75
457. Forster U., Koch M., Tiling N., and Olze H. Neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx. Laryngorhinootologie 85 (2006) 348-353 [In German]