Diagnosis and treatment of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder at US ambulatory care visits from 1996 to 2003

Current Medical Research and Opinion

Volumn 22, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 1475-1491

  Sankaranarayanan, Jayashri ^a,c   Puumala, Susan E ^b   Kratochvil, Christopher J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

ADHD; Adult; Ambulatory care; Antidepressant; Behavioral treatment; Pharmacotherapy; Stimulant

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ATOMOXETINE; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT;

ADULT; AGED; AMBULATORY CARE; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; COMORBIDITY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MALE; MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; RISK;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AMBULATORY CARE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; ODDS RATIO; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; UNITED STATES;

EID: 33748069435     PISSN: 03007995     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1185/030079906X112615     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Wender PH, Wolf LE, Wasserstein J. Adults with ADHD. An overview. Ann NY Acad Sci 2001;931:1-16
2. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental-disorders, 4th edn., text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2002
3. Weiss M, Murray C. Assessment and management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. CMAJ 2003;168:715-22
4. Adler LA, Chua HC. Management of ADHD in adults. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(Suppl 12):29-35
5. Asherson P. Clinical assessment and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. Expert Rev Neurother 2005;5:525-39
6. Biederman J, Faraone SV, Monuteaux MC, et al. Gender effects on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, revisited. Biol Psychiatry 2004;55:692-700
7. Kratochvil CJ, Newcorn JH, Arnold LE, et al. Atomoxetine alone or combined with fluoxetine for treating ADHD with comorbid depressive or anxiety symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2005;44:915-24
8. Birnbaum HG, Kessler RC, Lowe SW, et al. Costs of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the US: excess costs of persons with ADHD and their family members in 2000. Curr Med Res Opin 2005;21:195-206
9. Hinnenthal JA, Perwien AR, Sterling KL. A comparison of service use and costs among adults with ADHD and adults with other chronic diseases. Psychiatr Serv 2005;56:1593-9
10. Secnik K, Swensen A, Lage MJ. Comorbidities and costs of adult patients diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pharmacoecon 2005;23:93-102
11. Kessler RC, Adler L, Ames M, et al. The prevalence and effects of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder on work performance in a nationally representative sample of workers. J Occup Environ Med 2005;47:565-72
12. Biederman J, Faraone SV. Economic impact of adult ADHD. Program and abstracts of the American Psychiatric Association 2005 Annual Meeting; May 21-26, 2005. Atlanta, Georgia [poster 289]
13. Treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Summary, evidence report/technology assessment: number 11. AHCPR publication no. 99-E017, December 1999. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Rockville, MD Available from http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/epcsums/adhdsum.htm [Last accessed January 15, 2006]
14. Lamberg L. ADHD often undiagnosed in adults: appropriate treatment may benefit work, family, social life. JAMA 2003;290:1565-7
15. Robison LM, Sclar DA, Skaer TL, et al. Treatment modalities among US children diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: 1995-99. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2004;19:17-22
16. Zito JM, Safer DJ, dosReis S, et al. Psychotherapeutic pharmacotherapy patterns for youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999;153:1257-63
17. Faraone SV, Spencer TJ, Montano CB, et al. Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in adults: a survey of current practice in psychiatry and primary care. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:1221-6
18. Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens T, et al. Is attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults a valid disorder? Harv Rev Psychiatry 1994;1:326-35
19. Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens TE, et al. Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a controversial diagnosis. J Clin Psychiatry 1998;59(Suppl 7):59-68
20. Conners CK. Overview of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Presented at the NIH consensus development conference on diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: William H. Natcher conference center, NIH Consensus Statement, November 1998;16:1-37
21. Wilens TE, Faraone SV, Biederman J. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. JAMA 2004;292:619-23
22. Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens T. Stimulant treatment of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2004;27:361-72
23. Woodwell DA, Cherry DK. National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2002 summary. Adv Data 2004;346:1-44
24. Gilchrist VJ, Stange KC, Flocke SA, et al. A comparison of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) measurement approach with direct observation of outpatient visits. Med Care 2004;42:276-80
25. Zell ER, McCaig LF, Kupronis BA, et al. A comparison of the National Disease and Therapeutic Index and the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey to evaluate antibiotic usage. In proceedings of the section on survey research methods. Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association, 2000. pp.840-5
26. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, public use data file documentation: National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 1992-2003
27. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Use Data File Documentation: National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 1992-2003
28. Fang MC, Stafford RS, Ruskin JN, et al. National trends in antiarrhythmic and antithrombotic medication use in atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:55-60
29. Stafford RS, Farhat JH, Misra B, et al. National patterns of physician activities related to obesity management. Arch Fam Med 2000;9:631-8
30. International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification. 6th edn. Washington, DC: Public Health Service, US Dept of Health and Human Services, 2005
31. Blanco C, Goodwin RD, Liebowitz MR, et al. Use of psychotropic pharmacotherapy for patients with office visits who receive a diagnosis of panic disorder. Med Care 2004;42:1242-6
32. Food and Drug Administration. National drug code directory. Vol. 2. Washington, DC: Public Health Service, 1995
33. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: National Center for Health Statistics: Reliability of survey estimates. Available from http://www.cdc.gov/ nchs/about/major/ahcd/reliability. htm [Last accessed 15 Jan 2006]
34. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: National Center for Health Statistics: Frequently Asked Questions. Available from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ about/maj or/ahcd/faq.htm [Last accessed 25 Feb 2006]
35. Potthoff RF, Woodbury MA, Manton KG. Equivalent sample size and equivalent degrees of freedom: refinements for inference using survey weights under superpopulation models. J Am Stat Soc 1992;87:382-96
36. McGough JJ, Smalley SL, McCracken JT, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: findings from multiplex families. Am J Psychiatry 2005;162:1621-7
37. McGough JJ, Barkley RA. Diagnostic controversies in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:1948-56
38. Biederman J. Impact of comorbidity in adults with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65 (Suppl 3):3-7
39. Montano B. Diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in adults in primary care. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65(Suppl 3):18-21
40. Pirraglia PA, Stafford RS, Singer DE. Trends in prescribing of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other newer antidepressant agents in adult primary care. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 2003;5:153-7
41. Toone B. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adulthood. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004;75:523-5
42. Raphaelson M. Stimulants and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JAMA 2004;292:2214
43. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;39:182-93