Raytran: a monte carlo raytracing model to compute light scattering in threedimensional heterogeneous media

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 493505-

  Govaerts, Yves M ^a   Verstraete, Michel M ^b  

^a EUMETSAT   (Germany)

^b JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Canopy reflectance modeling; Light scattering; Monte carlo; Radiation transfer; Ray tracing

Indexed keywords

EID: 33747899666     PISSN: 01962892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. D. S. Kimes and J. A. Kirchner, Radiative transfer model for heterogeneous 3D scenes, Appl. Opt., vol. 21, pp. 41191129, 1982.
2. S. Chandrasekhar, On the radiative equilibrium of a stellar atmosphere. II, Astrophys. J., vol. 100, pp. 7686, 1944.
3. R. B. Myneni, G. Asrar, and F. G. Hall, A threedimensional radiative transfer method for optical remote sensing of vegetated land surfaces, Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 41, pp. 105121, 1992.
4. J. K. Ross and A. L. Marshak, Calculation of canopy bidirectional reflectance using the Monte Carlo method, Remote Sens. Environ, vol. 24, pp. 213225, 1988.
5. N. S. Goel, I. Rozehnal, and R. L. Thompson, A computer graphics based model for scattering from objects of arbitrary shapes in the optical region, Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 36, pp. 73104, 1991.
6. C. C. Borel, S. A. W. Gerstl, and B. J. Powers, The radiosity method in optical remote sensing of structured 3D surfaces, Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 36, pp. 134, 1991.
7. B. Pinty and M. M. Verstraete, On the design and validation of bidirectional reflectance and albedo models, Remote Sens. Environ, vol. 41, pp. 155167, 1992.
8. M. M. Verstraete and Y. M. Govaerts, Modeling the scattering of light in arbitrarily complex media: Motivation for a ray tracing approach, Inst. Remote Sensing Applicat., CEC Joint Res. Centre, Ispra, Italy, Tech. Rep. EUR 15790 EN, 1994.
9. J. M. Hammersley and D. C. Handscomb, Monte Carlo Methods. London, U.K.: Methuen, 1964.
10. P. Shirley, C. Y. Wang, and K. Zimmerman, Monte Carlo techniques for direct lighting calculations, ACM Trans. Graph., vol. 15, pp. 136, 1996.
11. Y. M. Govaerts and M. M. Verstraete, Development and parallelization of a Monte Carlo ray tracing code for radiative transfer modeling: Initial lessons from using the Cenju3 machine, Speedup J., vol. 10, pp. 6267, 1996.
12. Y. M. Govaerts, S. Jacquemoud, M. M. Verstraete, and S. L. Ustin, Threedimensional radiation transfer modeling in a dicotyledon leaf, Appl. Opt., vol. 35, pp. 65856598, 1996.
13. M. E. Mortenson, Geometric Modeling. New York: Wiley, 1985.
14. J. Arvo and D. Kirk, A survey of ray tracing acceleration techniques, in An Introduction to Ray Tracing, A. S. Glassner, Ed. London, U.K.: Academic, 1989, pp. 201262.
15. V. S. Antyufeev and A. L. Marshak, Monte Carlo method and transport equation in plant canopies, Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 31, pp. 183191, 1990.
16. A. S. Glassner, Surface physics for ray tracing, in An Introduction to Ray Tracing, A. S. Glassner, Ed. London, U.K.: Academic, 1989, pp. 121160.
17. J. K. Ross and A. L. Marshak, The influence of leaf orientation and the specular component of leaf reflectance on the canopy bidirectional reflectance, Remote Sens. Environ, vol. 27, pp. 251260, 1989.
18. N. Oreskes, K. ShraderFrechette, and K. Belitz, Verification, validation, and confirmation of numerical models in Earth sciences, Science, vol. 263, pp. 641646, 1994.
19. S. Liang and A. H. Strahler, An analytical BRDF model of canopy radiative transfer and its inversion, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 31, pp. 10811092, Sept. 1993.
20. J. laquinta, Champs de rayonnement émergeant des surfaces terrestres: Modélisation et inversion dans le cas de milieux optiquement finis et couplés avec une couche atmosphérique, Ph.D. dissertation, Biaise Pascal Univ., 1995.
21. M. M. Verstraete, B. Pinty, and R. E. Dickinson, A physical model of the bidirectional reflectance of vegetation canopies; Part 1: Theory, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 95, pp. 1177511765, 1990.
22. C. Koechler, B. Hosgood, G. Andreoli, G. Schmuck, J. Verdebout, A. Pegoraro, J. Hill, W. Mehl, D. Roberts, and M. Smith, The European optical goniometric facility: Technical description and first experiments on spectral unmixing, in IGARSS'94, Pasadena, CA, pp. 23752377.
23. K. E. Torrance and E. M. Sparrow, Theory for offspecular reflection from roughened surfaces, J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol. 57, pp. 11051114, 1967.
24. R. L. Cook and K. E. Torrance, A reflectance model for computer graphics, Comput. Graph., vol. 15, pp. 307316, 1981.
25. J. F. Blinn, Models of light reflection for computer synthesized pictures, Comput. Graph., vol. 11, pp. 192198, 1977.
26. J. M. Renders and S. P. Fiasse, Hybrid methods using genetic algorithms for global optimization, IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern., vol. 26, pp. 243258, 1996.
27. L. Devroye, NonUniform Random Variate Generation. New York: SpringerVerlag, 1986.
28. B. H. Hapke, R. M. Nelson, and W. D. Smythe, The opposition effect of the moon: The contribution of coherent backscatter, Science, vol. 260, pp. 509511, 1993.
29. S. P. Fiasse, M. M. Verstraete, B. Pinty, and C. J. Bruegge, Recent advances in sensors, radiometric calibration, and processing of remotely sensed data, in Proc. SPIE 1938, Orlando, FL, 1993, pp. 100108.
30. N. S. Goel, L. B. Knox, and J. M. Norman, From artificial life to real life: Computer simulation of plant growth, Int. J. General Syst., vol. 18, pp. 291319, 1991.
31. Y. M. Govaerts and M. M. Verstraete, Applications of the Lsystems to canopy reflectance modeling in a Monte Carlo ray tracing technique, in Fractals in Geoscience and Remote Sensing, G. G. Wilkinson, L. Kanellopoulos, and J. Mégier, Eds. Joint Res. Centre European Commission, Ispra, Italy, 1994, pp. 211236.
32. N. Gobron, B. Pinty, M. M. Verstraete, and Y. M. Govaerts, A semidiscrete model for the scattering of light by vegetation, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 102, pp. 94319446, Apr. 1997.
33. Y. M. Govaerts and M. M. Verstraete, Evaluation of the capability of BRDF models to retrieve structural information on the observed target as described by a tridimensional ray tracing code, in European Symp. Satellite Remote Sensing, Proc. SPIE 2314. E. Mougin, K. J. Ranson, and J. A. Smith, Eds. Rome, Italy, 1995, pp. 920.
34. D. J. Harding, J. B. Blair, E. Rodriguez, and T. Michel, Airborne laser altimetry and interferometric SAR measurements of canopy structure and subcanopy topography in the Pacific Northwest, in 2nd Topical Symp. Combined Opt.Microwave Earth Atmos. Sensing (COMEAS'95), Atlanta, GA, pp. 2224.
35. Y. M. Govaerts, A model of light scattering in threedimensional plant canopies: A Monte Carlo ray tracing approach, Space Applicat. Inst., JRC, Tech. Rep. EUR 16394 EN, 1996.
36. M. M. Verstraete, Radiation transfer in plant canopies: Transmission of direct solar radiation and the role of leaf orientation, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 92, pp. 1098510995, 1987.
37. J. Ross, The Radiation Regime and Architecture of Plant Stands. Boston, MA: Junk, 1981.