Three-dimensional radiation transfer modeling in a dicotyledon leaf

Applied Optics

Volumn 35, Issue 33, 1996, Pages 6585-6598

  Govaerts, Yves M ^a   Jacquemoud, Stéphane ^b   Verstraete, Michel M ^a   Ustin, Susan L ^c  

^a JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITÉ PARIS DESCARTES   (France)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Bidirectional reflectance; Leaf optical properties; Leaf spectrum, raytracing; Radiation transfer model; Three dimensional dicotyledon leaf structure

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000844370     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 21553165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.35.006585     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. T. C. Vogelmann and L. O. Bjorn, “Plants as light traps,” Physiol. Plant. 68, 704-708 (1986).
2. D. M. Gates, Biophysical Ecology (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1980).
3. S. Jacquemoud and F. Baret, “prospect: a model of leaf optical properties spectra,” Remote Sensing Environ. 34, 75-91 (1990).
4. M. M. Verstraete, B. Pinty, and R. Myneni, “Understanding the biosphere from space: strategies to exploit remote sens ing data,” in Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing (Val d’Isere, France, 1994), pp. 993-1004.
5. Y. M. Govaerts and M. M. Verstraete, “Evaluation of the capability of BRDF models to retrieve structural information on the observed target as described by a tridimensional ray tracing code,” in Multispectral and Microwave Sensing of Forestry, Hydrology, and Natural Resources, E. Mougin, K. J. Ranson, and J. A. Smith, eds. Proc. SPIE 2314, 9-20 (1994).
6. T. C. Vogelmann, “Plant tissue optics,” Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 44, 231-251 (1993).
7. J. Verdebout, S. Jacquemoud, and G. Schmuck, “Optical properties of leaves: modelling and experimental studies,” in Im\ging Spectrometry as a Tool for Environmental Observations, J. Hill and J. Megier, eds. (Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1994), pp. 169-191.
8. G. Haberlandt, “Optical sense-organs,” in Physiological Plant Anatomy, G. Haberlandt, ed. (Macmillan, London, 1914), pp. 613-631.
9. H. Gabrys-Mizera, “Model considerations of the light conditions in noncylindrical plant cells,” Photochem. Photobiol. 24, 453-461 (1976).
10. R. A. Bone, D. W. Lee, and J. M. Norman, “Epidermal cells functioning as lenses in leaves of tropical rain-forest shade plants,” Appl. Opt. 24, 1408-1412 (1985).
11. G. Martin, S. A. Josserand, J. F. Bornman, and T. C. Volge-mann, “Epidermal focussing and the light microenvironment within leaves of Medicago sativa,” Physiol. Plant. 76, 485-492 (1989).
12. W. A. Allen, H. W. Gausman, and A. J. Richardson, “Willstatter-Stoll theory of leaf reflectance evaluated by ray tracing,” Appl. Opt. 12, 2448-2452 (1973).
13. R. Kumar and L. Silva, “Light ray tracing through a leaf cross section,” Appl. Opt. 12, 2950-2954 (1973).
14. D. F. Parkhurst, “Internal leaf structure: a threedimensional perspective,” in On the Economy of Plant Form and Function, T. J. Givnish, ed. (Cambridge U. Press, Cambridge, U.K., 1986), pp. 215-249.
15. T. C. Vogelmann and G. Martin, “The functional significance of palisade tissue penetration of directional versus diffuse light,” Plant Cell Environ. 16, 65-72 (1993).
16. D. F. Parkhurst, “Stereological methods for measuring internal leaf structure variables,” Am. J. Bot. 69, 31-39 (1982).
17. L. J. Gibson and M. F. Ashby, Cellular Solids, Structure and Properties (Pergamon, Oxford, 1988).
18. H. Mohr and P. Schopfer, Plant Physiology (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1995).
19. D. M. Gates, H. J. Keegan, J. C. Schleter, and V. R. Weiner, “Spectral properties of plants,” Appl. Opt. 4, 11-20 (1965).
20. T. R. Sinclair, M. M. Schreiber, and R. M. Hoffer, “Diffuse reflectance hypothesis for the pathway of solar radiation through leaves,” Agron. J. 65, 276-283 (1973).
21. H. K. Lichtenthaler, “Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes,” Methods Enzymol. 148, 350-382 (1987).
22. R. L. Hulbary, “The influence of air spaces on the threedimensional shapes of cells in Elodea stems, and a comparison with pith cells of Ailanthus,” Am. J. Bot. 31, 561-580 (1944).
23. D. W. Thompson, On Growth and Form (Cambridge U. Press, Cambridge, U.K., 1961).
24. J. A. Romberger, Z. Hejnowicz, and J. F. Hill, Plant Structure: Function and Development (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1993).
25. M. E. Mortenson, Geometric Modeling (Wiley, New York, 1985).
26. H. T. Breece and R. A. Holmes, “Bidirectional scattering characteristics of healthy green soybeans and corn leaves in vivo,” Appl. Opt. 10, 119-127 (1971).
27. T. W. Brakke, J. A. Smith, and J. M. Harnden, “Bidirectional scattering of light from tree leaves,” Remote Sensing Environ. 29, 175-183 (1989).
28. E. A. Walter-Shea, J. M. Norman, and B. L. Blad, “Leaf bidirectional reflectance and transmittance in corn and soybean,” Remote Sensing Environ. 29, 161-174 (1989).
29. L. Grant, C. S. T. Daughtry, and V. C. Vanderbilt, “Polarized and specular reflectance variation with leaf surface features,” Physiol. Plant. 88, 1-9 (1993).
30. S. Jacquemoud, S. L. Ustin, J. Verdebout, G. Schmuck, G. Andreoli, and B. Hosgood, “Estimating leaf biochemistry using the prospect leaf optical properties model,” Remote Sensing Environ. 56, 194-202 (1996).
31. J. A. Curcio and C. C. Petty, “The near infrared absorption spectrum of liquid water,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 41, 302-304 (1951).
32. K. F. Palmer and D. Williams, “Optical properties of water in the near infrared,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 64, 1107-1110 (1974).
33. T. Richter and L. Fukshansky, “Authentic in vivo absorption spectra for chlorophyll in leaves as derived from in situ and in vitro measurements,” Photochem. Photobiol. 59, 237-247 (1994).
34. Q. Ma, A. Ishimaru, P. Phu, and Y. Kuga, “Transmission, reflection and depolarization of an optical wave for a single leaf,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing 28, 865-872 (1990).
35. K. J. Niklas, Plant Biomechanics: an Engineering Approach to Plant Form and Function (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1992).
36. K. Esau, Plant Anatomy (Wiley, New York, 1965).
37. L. Fukshansky, V. Martinez, A. Remisowsky, J. McClendon, A. Ritterbush, T. Richter, and H. Mohr, “Absorption spectra of leaves corrected for scattering and distributional error: a radiative transfer and absorption statistics treatment,” Photo-chem. Photobiol. 57, 538-555 (1993).
38. P. N. Schurhoff, “Die Plastiden,” in Handbuch der Pflanzenanatomie (Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin, 1924).
39. B. Hosgood, S. Jacquemoud, G. Andreoli, J. Verdebout, G. Pedrini, and G. Schmuck, “Leaf optical properties experiment 93 (LOPEX93),” Technical Report EUR 16095 EN (European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Remote Sensing Applications, Ispra, Italy, 1995).
40. A. J. Stamm and H. T. Sanders, “Specific gravity of the wood substance of loblolly pine as affected by chemical composition,” Tappi 49, 397-400 (1966).
41. Y. M. Govaerts and M. M. Verstraete, “Applications of the L-systems to canopy reflectance modeling in a Monte Carlo ray tracing technique,” in Fractals in Geoscience and Remote Sensing, G. G. Wilkinson, L. Kanellopoulos, and J. Megier, eds. (Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra, Italy, 1994), pp. 211-236.
42. M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics, 2nd ed. (Pergamon, Oxford, 1964).
43. A. S. Glassner, “Surface physics for ray tracing,” in Introduc-tion to Ray Tracing, A. S. Glassner, ed. (Academic, London, 1989), pp. 121-160.
44. J. K. Ross and A. L. Marshak, “The influence of leaf orientation and the specular component of leaf reflectance on the canopy bidirectional reflectance,” Remote Sensing Environ. 27, 251-260 (1989).
45. D. W. Lee, “Unusual strategies of light absorption in rainforest herbs,” in On the Economy of Plant Form and Function, T. J. Givnish, ed. (Cambridge U. Press, Cambridge, U.K., 1986), pp. 105-131.
46. M. E. Poulson and T. C. Vogelmann, “Epidermal focussing and effects upon photosynthetic light-harvesting in leaves of oxa-lis,” Plant Cell Environ. 13, 803-811 (1990).
47. T. C. Vogelmann, J. F. Bornman, and S. Josserand, “Photosynthetic light gradients and spectral regime within leaves of Medicago sativa,” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B 323, 411-421 (1989).
48. T. W. Brakke, “Specular and diffuse components of radiation scattered by leaves,” Agri. Forest Meteorol. 71, 283-295 (1994).
49. W. A. Allen, “Transmission of isotropic light across a dielectric surface in two and three dimensions,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 63, 664-666 (1973).
50. J. H. McClendon, “The micro-optics of leaves. I. Patterns of reflection from the epidermis,” Am. J. Bot. 71, 1391-1397 (1984).
51. T. W. Brakke, “Goniometric measurements of light scattered in the principal plane from leaves,” in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IEEE, New York, 1992), pp. 508-510.
52. T. W. Brakke, W. P. Wergin, E. F. Erbe, and J. M. Harnden, “Seasonal variation in the structure and red reflectance of leaves from yellow poplar, red oak, and red maple,” Remote Sensing Environ. 43, 115-130 (1993).
53. K. E. Torrance and E. M. Sparrow, “Theory for off-specular reflection from roughened surfaces,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 57,1105-1114 (1967).
54. F. Baret, S. Jacquemoud, G. Guyot, and C. Leprieur, “Modeled analysis of the biophysical nature of spectral shifts and comparison with information content of broad bands,” Remote Sensing Environ. 41, 133-142 (1992).
55. F. M. Danson, M. D. Steven, T. J. Malthus, and J. A. Clark, “High-spectral resolution data for determining leaf water content,” Int. J. Remote Sensing 13, 461-470 (1992)