Sources of errors associated with the determination of PAH and PCB analytes in water samples

Analytical Letters

Volumn 39, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 2317-2331

  Rawa Adkonis, Magdalena ^a   Wolska, Lidia ^a   Przyjazny, Andrzej ^b   Namieśnik, Jacek ^a  

^a GDANSK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Poland)

^b KETTERING UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Environmental pollutants; PAHs; PCBs; Sample preparation; Trace analysis; Water analysis

Indexed keywords

EID: 33746826982     PISSN: 00032719     EISSN: 1532236X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00032710600755793     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Abbaccy, M.S., Ibrahim, H.Z., and Abdel-Kadar, H.M. 2003. Persistent organochlorine pollutants in the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Manzola, Egypt. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 70: 1158-1163.
2. Crozier, P.W., PlomLey, J.B., and Matchuk, L. 2001. Trace level analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface waters by solid phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography - ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-IPMS). Analyst, 126: 1974-1979.
3. Falandysz, J. 1999. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environment: chemistry, analysis, toxicity, concentration and risk assessment (in Polish). Fundacja Rozwoju Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego: Gdańsk.
4. Font, G., Manes, J., Molto, J.C., and Pico, Y. 1996. Current developments in the analysis of water pollution by polychlorinated biphenyls J. Chromatogr. A, 733: 449-471.
5. Fuoco, R. and Ceccarini, A. 2000. Methods for the determination of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in water. In Handbook of Water Analysis; Marcel Dekker Inc., 655.
6. Hilscherowa, K., Ansorgova, A., and Holoubek, J. 2001. Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among different compartments of river system. Toxicol. Environ. Chem., 80: 95-116.
7. Jiang, X., Martens, D., Schramm, K.W., Kettrup, A., Xu, S.F., and Wang, L.S. 2000. Polychlorinated organic compounds (PCOCs) in waters, suspended solids and sediments of the Yangtse River. Chemosphere, 41: 1337-1347.
8. Kirso, U., Paalme, L., Voll, N., Irha, N., and Urbas, E. 2001. Distribution of the persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, between water, sediments and biota. Aquatic Ecosystem Health Manag., 4: 151-163.
9. Law, R.J. and Biscaya, J.L. 1994. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) - problems and progress in sampling, analysis and interpretation. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 29: 235-241.
10. Majors, R.E. 1993. LC-GC Int., 6: 130-132.
11. Manoli, E. and Samara, C. 1999. PAHs in natural waters: sources, occurrence and analysis. Trends Anal. Chem., 18: 417-428.
12. Marce, R.M. and Borrull, F. 2000. Solid-phase extraction of polycyclic aromatic compounds. J. Chromatogr. A, 885: 273-290.
13. Namieśnik, J. and Jamrógiewicz, J. 1998. Physicochemical methods of controlling environmental pollution (in Polish). WNT: Warszawa, 241-260.
14. Namieśnik, J. 1999. Wykorzystanie dozymetrii pasywnej w analityce środowiskowej. Chem. Inz. Ekol., 12: 1215-1223.
15. Namieśnik, J. 2002. Trace analysis - challenges and problems. Chem. Inz. Ekol., 9: 991-998.
16. Petrick, G., Schulz-Bull, D.E., Martens, V., Scholz, K., and Duinker, J.C. 1996. An insitu filtration/extraction system for the recovery of trace organics in solution and on particles tested in deep ocean water. Mar. Chem., 54: 97-105.
17. Pino, V., Ayala, J.H., Afonso, A.M., and Gonzalez, V. 2002. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection following micelle-mediated preconcentration. J. Chromatogr. A, 949: 291-299.
18. Poerschman, J., Zhang, Z., Kopinke, F-D., and Pawliszyn, J. 1997. Solid phase micro-extraction for determining the distribution of chemicals in aqueous matrices. Anal. Chem., 69: 597-607.
19. Popp, P., Bauer, C., and Wennrich, L. 2001. Application of bar sorptive extraction in combination with column liquid chromatography for the determination of PAH in water samples. Anal. Chim. Acta., 436: 1-9.
20. Pujadas, E., Diaz-Ferrero, J., Marti, R., Broto - Puig, F., Comellas, L., and Rodriguez-Larana, M.C. 2001. Application of the new C18 speedisks to the analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in water and effluent sample. Chemosphere, 43: 449-454.
21. Rawa-Adkonis, M.. Determination of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples. Sources of errors: identification and estimation. PhD Thesis, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology: Gdańsk, Poland.
22. Schulz-Bull, D.E., Petrick, G., Bruhn, R., and Duinker, J.C. 1998. Chlorobiphenyls (PCB) and PAHs in water masses of the northern North Atlantic. Mar. Chem., 61: 101-114.
23. Sułkowski, W. and Rosińska, A. 1999. Comparison of efficiency of extraction methods for polychlorinated biphenyls from environmental wastes. J. Chromatogr. A, 845: 349-355.
24. Sun, C., Dong, Y., Xu, S., Yao, S., Dai, J., Han, S., and Wang, L. 2002. Trace analysis of dissolved polychlorinated organic compounds in the water of the Yangtse River (Nanjing, China). Environ. Pollut., 117: 9-14.
25. Yrieiex, C., Gonzales, C., Deroux, J.M., Lacoste, C., and Leybros, J. 1996. Countercurrent liquid/liquid extraction for analysis of organic water pollutants by GC/MS. Water Res., 30: 1791-1800.
26. Zappoli, S., Andracchio, A., and Morselli, L. 1997. Dissolved organic matter and pH affect the extraction efficiency of PCBs from aqueous samples. Chemosphere, 35: 1729-1737.
27. Zhirong, Z., Wenqui, L., and Linxian, S. 1999. A very thick open-tubular trap for headspace capillary gas chromatography. Chromatographi, 49: 321-326.
28. Zhou, J.L., Maskaoui, K., Qiu, Y.W., Hong, H.S., and Wang, Z.D. 2001. Polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and organochlorine insecticides in water column and sediments of Daya Bay. Environ. Pollut., 113: 373-391.