메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 163, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 1369-1398

A study of source parameters, site amplification functions and average effective shear wave quality factor Qseff from analysis of accelerograms of the 1999 Chamoli earthquake, Himalaya

Author keywords

Accelerogram; Fault plane solution; Quality factor; Site amplification; Source parameters

Indexed keywords

AFTERSHOCK; EARTHQUAKE EPICENTER; EARTHQUAKE EVENT; EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDE; EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS; FAULT; PLATE BOUNDARY; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; S-WAVE; SEISMIC MOMENT; SITE INVESTIGATION; SOURCE PARAMETERS;

EID: 33746515117     PISSN: 00334553     EISSN: 14209136     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00024-006-0078-2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (40)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 0027801699 scopus 로고
    • Source parameters of small earthquakes recorded at 2.5 km depth, Cajon Pass, southern California: Implications for earthquake scaling
    • Abercrombie, R. and Leary, P. (1993), Source parameters of small earthquakes recorded at 2.5 km depth, Cajon Pass, southern California: implications for earthquake scaling, Geophys. Res. Lett. 20, 1511-1514.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.20 , pp. 1511-1514
    • Abercrombie, R.1    Leary, P.2
  • 4
    • 0000621807 scopus 로고
    • A model for the shape of the Fourier amplitude spectrum of acceleration at high frequencies
    • Anderson, J.G. and Hough, S.E. (1984), A model for the shape of the Fourier amplitude spectrum of acceleration at high frequencies, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 74, 1969-1993.
    • (1984) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.74 , pp. 1969-1993
    • Anderson, J.G.1    Hough, S.E.2
  • 6
    • 0030620637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Project Idylhim Members GPS measurements of present day convergence across the Nepal Himalaya
    • Bilham, R., Larson, K., Freymuller, J., Project Idylhim Members (1997), GPS measurements of present day convergence across the Nepal Himalaya, Nature 386, 61-64.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.386 , pp. 61-64
    • Bilham, R.1    Larson, K.2    Freymuller, J.3
  • 7
    • 0014852450 scopus 로고
    • Tectonic stress and spectra of shear waves from earthquakes
    • Brune, J.N. (1970), Tectonic stress and spectra of shear waves from earthquakes, J. Gepphys. Res. 75, 4997-5009.
    • (1970) J. Gepphys. Res. , vol.75 , pp. 4997-5009
    • Brune, J.N.1
  • 9
    • 0019706902 scopus 로고
    • A scattering model to explain seismic Q observations in the lithosphere between 1 and 30 Hz
    • Dainty, A.M. (1981), A scattering model to explain seismic Q observations in the lithosphere between 1 and 30 Hz, Geophys. Res. Lett. 8, 1126-1128.
    • (1981) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.8 , pp. 1126-1128
    • Dainty, A.M.1
  • 10
    • 0000781774 scopus 로고
    • Seismic sources and attenuation properties at the Campi Flegrie Volcanic Area
    • De Natale, Iannaccone, G., Martini, M., and Zollo, A. (1987), Seismic sources and attenuation properties at the Campi Flegrie Volcanic Area, Pure Appl. Geophys. 125, 883-917.
    • (1987) Pure Appl. Geophys. , vol.125 , pp. 883-917
    • De Natale1    Iannaccone, G.2    Martini, M.3    Zollo, A.4
  • 11
    • 33746489474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new technique for simulating accelerograms: Applications to modeling of empirical accelerograms and evaluation of seismic hazard in Himalaya
    • Ph.D. thesis
    • Dinesh Kumar (2001), A new technique for simulating accelerograms: Applications to modeling of empirical accelerograms and evaluation of seismic hazard in Himalaya, Ph.D. thesis, 249 pp.
    • (2001) , pp. 249
    • Kumar, D.1
  • 12
    • 17544372952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β in the Ganga basin using teleseismic broad band SH waveforms for the 1988 Nepal-India border earthquake
    • β in the Ganga basin using teleseismic broad band SH waveforms for the 1988 Nepal-India border earthquake, J. Asian Earth Sci. 25, 69-75.
    • (2005) J. Asian Earth Sci. , vol.25 , pp. 69-75
    • Kumar, D.1
  • 13
    • 33746556092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Average intrinsic Qs in the crust and uppermost 8 km of mantle in the Ganga plains, Bihar
    • Dinesh Kumar and Khattri, K.N. (1999), Average intrinsic Qs in the crust and uppermost 8 km of mantle in the Ganga plains, Bihar, Current Science 77, 748-749.
    • (1999) Current Science , vol.77 , pp. 748-749
    • Kumar, D.1    Khattri, K.N.2
  • 14
    • 33746506725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of observed peak ground accelerations and prediction of accelerograms of 1999 Chamoli earthquake, Garhwal Himalaya
    • Dinesh Kumar and Khattri, K.N. (2002), A study of observed peak ground accelerations and prediction of accelerograms of 1999 Chamoli earthquake, Garhwal Himalaya, Himalayan Geology 23, 51-61.
    • (2002) Himalayan Geology , vol.23 , pp. 51-61
    • Kumar, D.1    Khattri, K.N.2
  • 15
    • 0001418518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The representability of attenuation characteristics of strong ground motions observed in 1986 Dharmsala and 1991 Uttarkashi earthquakes by available empirical relations
    • Dinesh Kumar, Teotia, S.S., and Khattri, K.N. (1997), The representability of attenuation characteristics of strong ground motions observed in 1986 Dharmsala and 1991 Uttarkashi earthquakes by available empirical relations, Current Science 73, 543-548.
    • (1997) Current Science , vol.73 , pp. 543-548
    • Kumar, D.1    Teotia, S.S.2    Khattri, K.N.3
  • 16
    • 0029473563 scopus 로고
    • Source parameters and crustal Q for four earthquakes in South Carolina
    • Fletcher, J.B. (1995), Source parameters and crustal Q for four earthquakes in South Carolina, Seism. Res. Lett. 66, 44-58.
    • (1995) Seism. Res. Lett. , vol.66 , pp. 44-58
    • Fletcher, J.B.1
  • 18
    • 0028846295 scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of coda waves in the Garhwal Himalaya, India
    • Gupta, S.C., Singh, V.N., and Kumar, A. (1995), Attenuation of coda waves in the Garhwal Himalaya, India, Phys. Earth and Planet. Inter. 87, 247-253.
    • (1995) Phys. Earth and Planet. Inter. , vol.87 , pp. 247-253
    • Gupta, S.C.1    Singh, V.N.2    Kumar, A.3
  • 19
    • 55949108775 scopus 로고
    • A moment magnitude scale
    • Hanks, T.C. and Kanamori, H. (1979), A moment magnitude scale, J. Geophys. Res. 84, 2348-2350.
    • (1979) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.84 , pp. 2348-2350
    • Hanks, T.C.1    Kanamori, H.2
  • 20
    • 0000667897 scopus 로고
    • The Character of High Frequency Strong Ground Motion
    • Hanks, T.C. and McGuire, R.K. (1981), The Character of High Frequency Strong Ground Motion, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 71, 2071-2095.
    • (1981) Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. , vol.71 , pp. 2071-2095
    • Hanks, T.C.1    McGuire, R.K.2
  • 22
    • 0000527466 scopus 로고
    • Crustal reflection of plane SH waves
    • Haskell, S. (1960), Crustal reflection of plane SH waves, J. Geophys. Res. 65, 4147-4150.
    • (1960) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.65 , pp. 4147-4150
    • Haskell, S.1
  • 23
    • 0000782581 scopus 로고
    • Total energy and energy spectral density of elastic wave radiation from propagating faults
    • Haskell, N. (1964), Total energy and energy spectral density of elastic wave radiation from propagating faults, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 54, 1811-1841.
    • (1964) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.54 , pp. 1811-1841
    • Haskell, N.1
  • 24
    • 0000254197 scopus 로고
    • Modelling some empirical vertical component Lg relations
    • Herrmann, R.B., and Kijko, A. (1983), Modelling some empirical vertical component Lg relations, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 75, 157-171.
    • (1983) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.75 , pp. 157-171
    • Herrmann, R.B.1    Kijko, A.2
  • 25
    • 0023691797 scopus 로고
    • High frequency spectra observed at Anza, California: Implications for Q structure
    • Hough, S.E. and Anderson, J.G. (1988), High frequency spectra observed at Anza, California: Implications for Q structure, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 78, 692-707.
    • (1988) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.78 , pp. 692-707
    • Hough, S.E.1    Anderson, J.G.2
  • 26
    • 0842272372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chamoli earthquake of March 29, 1999 and its aftershocks, a consolidated document
    • IMD Meteorological Monograph, India Meteorological Department, Government of India, New Delhi, Seismology No. 2/2000
    • IMD (2000), Chamoli earthquake of March 29, 1999 and its aftershocks, a consolidated document, Meteorological Monograph, India Meteorological Department, Government of India, New Delhi, Seismology No. 2/2000.
    • (2000)
  • 27
    • 0034755545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong motion envelope modelling of the source of the Chamoli earthquake of March 28, 1999 in the Garhwal Himalaya, India
    • Joshi, A. (2001), Strong motion envelope modelling of the source of the Chamoli earthquake of March 28, 1999 in the Garhwal Himalaya, India, J. Seismol. 5, 499-518.
    • (2001) J. Seismol. , vol.5 , pp. 499-518
    • Joshi, A.1
  • 28
    • 0000098011 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical basis of some empirical relations in Seismology
    • Kanamori, H. and Anderson, D.L. (1975), Theoretical basis of some empirical relations in Seismology, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 65, 1073-1095.
    • (1975) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.65 , pp. 1073-1095
    • Kanamori, H.1    Anderson, D.L.2
  • 29
    • 0002178718 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the mechanism of earthquakes
    • (English translation), American Geophys. U. Consultants Bureau, New York
    • Keilis-Borok, V.I. (1960), Investigation of the mechanism of earthquakes, Sov. Res. Geophys. 4 (English translation), 201 pp. American Geophys. U. Consultants Bureau, New York.
    • (1960) Sov. Res. Geophys. , vol.4 , pp. 201
    • Keilis-Borok, V.I.1
  • 30
    • 0020975161 scopus 로고
    • Seismicity patterns in the Himalayan plate boundary and identification of the areas of high seismic potential
    • Khattri, K.N. and Tyagi, A.K. (1983), Seismicity patterns in the Himalayan plate boundary and identification of the areas of high seismic potential, Tectonophysics 96, 281-297.
    • (1983) Tectonophysics , vol.96 , pp. 281-297
    • Khattri, K.N.1    Tyagi, A.K.2
  • 31
    • 0023517330 scopus 로고
    • Great earthquakes, seismicity gaps, and potential for earthquake disaster along the Himalaya plate boundary
    • Khattri, K.N. (1987), Great earthquakes, seismicity gaps, and potential for earthquake disaster along the Himalaya plate boundary, Tectonophysics 138, 79-92.
    • (1987) Tectonophysics , vol.138 , pp. 79-92
    • Khattri, K.N.1
  • 32
    • 0018655886 scopus 로고
    • Constant Q-wave propagation and attenuation
    • Kjartansson, E. (1979), Constant Q-wave propagation and attenuation, J. Geophys. Res. 84, 4737-4748.
    • (1979) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.84 , pp. 4737-4748
    • Kjartansson, E.1
  • 33
    • 0028255123 scopus 로고
    • Frequency-dependent crustal scattering and absorption at 5-160 Hz from coda decay observed at 2.5 km depth
    • Leary, P. and Abecombie, R. (1993), Frequency-dependent crustal scattering and absorption at 5-160 Hz from coda decay observed at 2.5 km depth, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 971-974.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.21 , pp. 971-974
    • Leary, P.1    Abecombie, R.2
  • 34
    • 33746478162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroseismic observation of Chamoli earthquake of March 29, 1999 and its engineering aspects
    • Mahajan, A.K. and Pandey, H.C. (2002), Macroseismic observation of Chamoli earthquake of March 29, 1999 and its engineering aspects, Himalayan Geolgy 23, 1-6.
    • (2002) Himalayan Geolgy , vol.23 , pp. 1-6
    • Mahajan, A.K.1    Pandey, H.C.2
  • 36
    • 0020463109 scopus 로고
    • Objective estimation of source parameters and local Q values by simultaneous inversion method
    • Masuda, T. and Suzuki, Z. (1982), Objective estimation of source parameters and local Q values by simultaneous inversion method, Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 30, 197-208.
    • (1982) Phys. Earth Planet. Int. , vol.30 , pp. 197-208
    • Masuda, T.1    Suzuki, Z.2
  • 37
    • 0028888089 scopus 로고
    • Seismic attenuation in the crust at the mid-Atlantic plate boundary in south-west Iceland
    • Menke, W., Vadim, L., and Sethi, R. (1995), Seismic attenuation in the crust at the mid-Atlantic plate boundary in south-west Iceland, Geophys. J. Int. 122, 175-182.
    • (1995) Geophys. J. Int. , vol.122 , pp. 175-182
    • Menke, W.1    Vadim, L.2    Sethi, R.3
  • 38
    • 0027511089 scopus 로고
    • Semi-empirical estimation of peak ground acceleration from large earthquakes
    • Midorikawa, S. (1993), Semi-empirical estimation of peak ground acceleration from large earthquakes, Tectonophysics 218, 287-295.
    • (1993) Tectonophysics , vol.218 , pp. 287-295
    • Midorikawa, S.1
  • 39
    • 0001473710 scopus 로고
    • A review of seismicity and the rates of active underthrusting and deformation at the Himalaya
    • Molnar, P. (1990), A review of seismicity and the rates of active underthrusting and deformation at the Himalaya, J. Himalayan Geology 1, 131-154.
    • (1990) J. Himalayan Geology , vol.1 , pp. 131-154
    • Molnar, P.1
  • 40
    • 84879597716 scopus 로고
    • Active faults of the Himalaya of India and Nepal
    • spec. Paper 232
    • Nakata, T. (1989), Active faults of the Himalaya of India and Nepal, Geol. Soc. America, spec. Paper 232, 243-264.
    • (1989) Geol. Soc. America , pp. 243-264
    • Nakata, T.1
  • 41
    • 0021644457 scopus 로고
    • Seismotectonics of the Himalayan Collision zone: Geometry of the underthrusting Indian plate beneath the himalayas
    • Ni, J., and Barazangi, M. (1984), Seismotectonics of the Himalayan Collision zone: Geometry of the underthrusting Indian plate beneath the himalayas, J. Geophys. Res. 89, 1147-1163.
    • (1984) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.89 , pp. 1147-1163
    • Ni, J.1    Barazangi, M.2
  • 42
    • 0031845678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of source parameters and Q from acceleration recorded in the Vatnafjöll earthquake in south Iceland
    • Ólafson, S., Sigbjörnsson, R., and Einarsson, P. (1998), Estimation of source parameters and Q from acceleration recorded in the Vatnafjöll earthquake in south Iceland, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 88, 556-563.
    • (1998) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.88 , pp. 556-563
    • Ólafson, S.1    Sigbjörnsson, R.2    Einarsson, P.3
  • 43
    • 0030924573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic and scattering attenuation from observed seismic codas in the Almeria Basin (southeastern Iberian peninsula)
    • Pujades, L.G., Ugalde, A., Canas, J.A., Navarro, M., Badal, F.J., and Corchete, V. (1997), Intrinsic and scattering attenuation from observed seismic codas in the Almeria Basin (southeastern Iberian peninsula), Geophy. J. Int. 129, 281-291.
    • (1997) Geophy. J. Int. , vol.129 , pp. 281-291
    • Pujades, L.G.1    Ugalde, A.2    Canas, J.A.3    Navarro, M.4    Badal, F.J.5    Corchete, V.6
  • 44
    • 0001816112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Chamoli earthquake, Garhwal Himalaya: Field observations and implications for seismic Hazard
    • and S.K
    • Rajendran, K., Rajendran, C.P., Jain, and S.K., Murty, C.V.R., and Arlekar, N. (2000), The Chamoli earthquake, Garhwal Himalaya: Field observations and implications for seismic Hazard, Current Science 78, 45-51.
    • (2000) Current Science , vol.78 , pp. 45-51
    • Rajendran, K.1    Rajendran, C.P.2    Jain3    Murty, C.V.R.4    Arlekar, N.5
  • 45
    • 21644436962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rupture parameters of 1999 Chamoli earthquake, India: Constraints from aftershocks and change in failure stress
    • Rajput, S., Gahalaut, V.K., Raju, P.S. and Kayal, J.R., (2005), Rupture parameters of 1999 Chamoli earthquake, India: Constraints from aftershocks and change in failure stress, Tectonophysics 404, 23-32.
    • (2005) Tectonophysics , vol.404 , pp. 23-32
    • Rajput, S.1    Gahalaut, V.K.2    Raju, P.S.3    Kayal, J.R.4
  • 46
    • 0034190449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chamoli earthquake of magnitude 6.6 on 29 March 1999
    • Rastogi, B.K. (2000), Chamoli earthquake of magnitude 6.6 on 29 March 1999, J. Geol. Soc. India 55, 505-514.
    • (2000) J. Geol. Soc. India , vol.55 , pp. 505-514
    • Rastogi, B.K.1
  • 47
    • 17644387321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping of 29 March 1999 Chamoli earthquake induced landslides using IRS-1C/ID data
    • Ravindran, K.V. and Philip, G. (2002), Mapping of 29 March 1999 Chamoli earthquake induced landslides using IRS-1C/ID data, Himalayan Geology 23, 69-76.
    • (2002) Himalayan Geology , vol.23 , pp. 69-76
    • Ravindran, K.V.1    Philip, G.2
  • 48
    • 0030265272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of coda waves in southern Tibet
    • Reese, C.C. and NI, J.F. (1996), Attenuation of coda waves in southern Tibet, Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 3015-3018.
    • (1996) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.23 , pp. 3015-3018
    • Reese, C.C.1    Ni, J.F.2
  • 49
    • 6644228168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the damaga caused by the Chamoli earthquake of March 29, 1999
    • Sarkar, I., Pachauri, A.K. and Israil, M. (2001), On the damaga caused by the Chamoli earthquake of March 29, 1999, J. Asian Earth Sciences 19, 129-133.
    • (2001) J. Asian Earth Sciences , vol.19 , pp. 129-133
    • Sarkar, I.1    Pachauri, A.K.2    Israil, M.3
  • 50
    • 0037468857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of causative fault parameters of the Rudbar earthquake of June 20, 1990 from near field SH-wave data
    • Sarkar, I., Hamzehloo, H., and Khattri, K.N. (2003), Estimation of causative fault parameters of the Rudbar earthquake of June 20, 1990 from near field SH-wave data, Tectonophysics 364, 55-70.
    • (2003) Tectonophysics , vol.364 , pp. 55-70
    • Sarkar, I.1    Hamzehloo, H.2    Khattri, K.N.3
  • 51
    • 18844424994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subevent analysis for the Tabas earthquake of September 16, 1978 using near-field accelerograms
    • Sarkar, I., Sriram, V., Hamzehloo, H., and Khattri, K.N. (2005), Subevent analysis for the Tabas earthquake of September 16, 1978 using near-field accelerograms, Phys. Earth Plan. Int. 151, 53-76.
    • (2005) Phys. Earth Plan. Int. , vol.151 , pp. 53-76
    • Sarkar, I.1    Sriram, V.2    Hamzehloo, H.3    Khattri, K.N.4
  • 52
    • 0018715907 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical basis on relationships between focal parameters and earthquake magnitude
    • Sato, R. (1979), Theoretical basis on relationships between focal parameters and earthquake magnitude, J. Phys. Earth 27, 353-372.
    • (1979) J. Phys. Earth , vol.27 , pp. 353-372
    • Sato, R.1
  • 53
    • 0000396773 scopus 로고
    • Seismicity and continental subduction in the Himalayan Arc
    • In (eds. Gupta, H.K. and Delany, F.M.) (Geodyn. Ser. 3, Am. Geophys. Union)
    • Seeber, L., Armbruster, J., and Quittmeyer, R., Seismicity and continental subduction in the Himalayan Arc. In Hindu Kush Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution (eds. Gupta, H.K. and Delany, F.M.) (Geodyn. Ser. 3, Am. Geophys. Union 1981) pp. 215-242.
    • (1981) Hindu Kush Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution , pp. 215-242
    • Seeber, L.1    Armbruster, J.2    Quittmeyer, R.3
  • 54
    • 0033510168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A spectral analysis of the 21 May 1997, Jabalpur, India, earthquake (Mw = 5.8) and estimation of ground motion from future earthquakes in the Indian shield region
    • Singh, S.K., Ordaz, M., Dattatrayam, R.S., and Gupta, H.K. (1999), A spectral analysis of the 21 May 1997, Jabalpur, India, earthquake (Mw = 5.8) and estimation of ground motion from future earthquakes in the Indian shield region, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 89, 1-11.
    • (1999) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.89 , pp. 1-11
    • Singh, S.K.1    Ordaz, M.2    Dattatrayam, R.S.3    Gupta, H.K.4
  • 55
    • 0036507631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ground motion in Delhi from future large/great earthquakes in central seismic gaps of the Himalayan arc
    • Singh, S.K., Mohanty, V., Bansal, B.K., and Roonwal, G.S. (2002), Ground motion in Delhi from future large/great earthquakes in central seismic gaps of the Himalayan arc, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 92, 555-569.
    • (2002) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.92 , pp. 555-569
    • Singh, S.K.1    Mohanty, V.2    Bansal, B.K.3    Roonwal, G.S.4
  • 57
    • 33746564129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A note on modeling earthquake source spectrum using Brune's model
    • manuscript
    • Sriram, V. (2004), A note on modeling earthquake source spectrum using Brune's model, manuscript.
    • (2004)
    • Sriram, V.1
  • 59
    • 33746534363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compressional and shear wave velocities in the crust beneath the Garhwal Himalaya, North India
    • Sushil Kumar and Sato, T. (2003), Compressional and shear wave velocities in the crust beneath the Garhwal Himalaya, North India, Himalayan Geology 24, 77-86.
    • (2003) Himalayan Geology , vol.24 , pp. 77-86
    • Kumar, S.1    Sato, T.2
  • 60
    • 4544296262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seismotectonic of Chamoli earthquake of March 29, 1999 and earthquake hazard assessment of Garhwal-Kumaon region, NW Himalaya
    • Thakur, V.C. and Kumar, S. (2002), Seismotectonic of Chamoli earthquake of March 29, 1999 and earthquake hazard assessment of Garhwal-Kumaon region, NW Himalaya, Himalayan Geology 23, 113-120.
    • (2002) Himalayan Geology , vol.23 , pp. 113-120
    • Thakur, V.C.1    Kumar, S.2
  • 61
    • 0000718852 scopus 로고
    • A relation between the area of aftershock region and the energy of main shock
    • Utsu, T. and Seiki, A. (1954), A relation between the area of aftershock region and the energy of main shock, J. Seismol. Soc. Japan 7, 233-240.
    • (1954) J. Seismol. Soc. Japan , vol.7 , pp. 233-240
    • Utsu, T.1    Seiki, A.2
  • 62
    • 0002060778 scopus 로고
    • Tectonics of the central sector of the Himalaya
    • In (eds. Delani, F.M. and Gupta, H.K.) (Geodynamic series 3, Am. Geophy. Union)
    • Valdiya, K.S. (1981), Tectonics of the central sector of the Himalaya. In Zargos-Hindukush-Himalaya: Geodynamic Evaluation (eds. Delani, F.M. and Gupta, H.K.) (Geodynamic series 3, Am. Geophy. Union 1981) pp. 87-110.
    • (1981) Zargos-Hindukush-Himalaya: Geodynamic Evaluation , pp. 87-110
    • Valdiya, K.S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.