Cognitive function in unaffected twins discordant for affective disorder

Psychological Medicine

Volumn 36, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 1119-1129

  Christensen, Maj Vinberg ^a   Kyvik, Kirsten Ohm ^b   Kessing, Lars Vedel ^a  

^a Rigshospitalet   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN DENMARK   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CASE CONTROL STUDY; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DIZYGOTIC TWINS; FEMALE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; LANGUAGE PROCESSING; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS; MOOD DISORDER; PHENOTYPE; SCORING SYSTEM; SYMPTOM; TWIN DISCORDANCE; WORKING MEMORY;

ADULT; AGED; BIPOLAR DISORDER; COGNITION DISORDERS; DENMARK; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DISEASES IN TWINS; FEMALE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALITY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PHENOTYPE; PSYCHOMETRICS; RISK; TWINS, DIZYGOTIC; TWINS, MONOZYGOTIC;

EID: 33746176447     PISSN: 00332917     EISSN: 14698978     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291706007896     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Akiskal, H. S., Maser, J. D., Zeller, P. J., Endicott, J., Coryell, W., Keller, M., Warshaw, M., Clayton, P. & Goodwin, F. (1995). Switching from 'unipolar' to bipolar II. An 11-year prospective study of clinical and temperamental predictors in 559 patients. Archives of General Psychiatry 52, 114-123.
2. Angst, J., Gamma, A., Gastpar, M., Lepine, J. P., Mendlewicz, J. & Tylee, A. (2002). Gender differences in depression. Epidemiological findings from the European DEPRES I and II studies. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 252, 201-209.
3. Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G. & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 56, 893-897.
4. Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelsohn, M., Mock, J. & Erbaugh, J. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 4, 561-571.
5. Bertelsen, A., Harvald, B. & Hauge, M. (1977). A Danish twin study of manic-depressive disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry 130, 330-351.
6. Butters, M. A., Whyte, E. M., Nebes, R. D., Begley, A. E., Dew, M. A., Mulsant, B. H., Zmuda, M. D., Bhalla, R., Meltzer, C. C., Pollock, B. G., Reynolds, C. F., III & Becker, J. T. (2004). The nature and determinants of neuropsychological functioning in late-life depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 61, 587-595.
7. Christensen, M. V., Kyvik, K. O. & Kessing, L. V. (2006). Subclinical psychopathology and socioeconomic status in unaffected twins discordant for affective disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research. doi: 10.1016/ j.jpsychires.2006.02.004.
8. Clark, L., Kempton, M. J., Scarna, A., Grasby, P. M. & Goodwin, G. M. (2005a). Sustained attention-deficit confirmed in euthymic bipolar disorder but not in first-degree relatives of bipolar patients or euthymic unipolar depression. Biological Psychiatry 57, 183-187.
9. Clark, L., Sarna, A. & Goodwin, G. M. (2005b). Impairment of executive function but not memory in first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar I disorder and in euthymic patients with unipolar depression. American Journal of Psychiatry 162, 1980-1982.
10. Egan, M. F., Kojima, M., Callicott, J. H, Goldberg, T. E., Kolachana, B. S., Bertolino, A., Zaitsev, E., Gold, B., Goldman, D., Dean, M., Lu, B. & Weinberger, D. R. (2003). The BDNF val66met polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and human memory and hippocampal function. Cell 112, 257-269.
11. Ferrier, I. N., Chowdhury, R., Thompson, J. M., Watson, S. & Young, A. H. (2004). Neurocognitive function in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder: A preliminary report. Bipolar Disorders 6, 319-322.
12. Ferrier, I. N. & Thompson, J. M. (2002). Cognitive impairment in bipolar affective disorder: Implications for the bipolar diathesis. British Journal of Psychiatry 180, 293-295.
13. Glahn, D. C., Bearden, C. E., Niendam, T. A. & Escamilla, M. A. (2004). The feasibility of neuropsychological endophenotypes in the search for genes associated with bipolar affective disorder. Bipolar Disorders 6, 171-182.
14. Golden, C. J. & Freshwater, S. M. (2002). The Stroop Color and Word Test: A Manual for Clinical and Experimental Uses. Stoelting: Wood Dale, IL.
15. Gourovitch, M. L., Torrey, E. F., Gold, J. M., Randolph, C., Weinberger, D. R. & Goldberg, T. E. (1999). Neuropsychological performance of monozygotic twins discordant for bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry 45, 639-646.
16. Hamilton, M. (1967). Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 6, 278-296.
17. Harvald, B, Hauge, G., Kyvik K. O., Christensen, K., Skytthe, A. & Holm, N. V. (2004). The Danish twin registry: Past and present. Twin Research 7, 318-335.
18. Hasin, D. S., Goodwin, R. D., Stinson, F. S. & Grant, B. F. (2005). Epidemiology of major depressive disorder: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcoholism and Related Conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry 62, 1097-1106.
19. Hasler, G., Drevets, W. C., Manji, H. K. & Charney, D. S. (2004). Discovering endophenotypes for major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 29, 1765-1781.
20. Hendrie, H. C., Hall, K. S., Brittain, H. M., Austrom, M. G., Farlow, M., Parker, J. & Kane, M. (1988). The CAMDEX: A standardized instrument for the diagnosis of mental disorder in the elderly: A replication with a US sample. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 36, 402-408.
21. Hirschfeld, R. M., Klerman, G. L., Lavori, P., Keller, M. B., Griffith, P. & Coryell, W. (1989). Premorbid personality assessments of first onset of major depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 46, 345-350.
22. Kendler, K. S., Kessler, R. C., Walters, E. E., MacLean, C., Neale, M. C., Heath, A. C. & Eaves, L. J. (1995). Stressful life events, genetic liability, and onset of an episode of major depression in women. American Journal of Psychiatry 152, 833-842.
23. Kendler, K. S., Pedersen, N., Johnson, L., Neale, M. C. & Mathe, A. A. (1993). A pilot Swedish twin study of affective illness, including hospital- and population-ascertained subsamples. Archives of General Psychiatry 50, 699-700.
24. Keri, S., Kelemen, O., Benedek, G. & Janka, Z. (2001). Different trait markers for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A neurocognitive approach. Psychological Medicine 31, 915-922.
25. Kessing, L. V. (1998). Cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of affective disorder. Psychological Medicine 28, 1027-1038.
26. Kieseppa, T., Partonen, T., Haukka, J., Kaprio, J. & Lonnqvist, J. (2004). High concordance of bipolar I disorder in a nationwide sample of twins. American Journal of Psychiatry 161, 1814-1821.
27. Kieseppa, T., Tuulio-Henriksson, A., Haukka, J., Van, E. T., Glahn, D., Cannon, T. D., Partonen, T., Kaprio, J. & Lonnqvist, J. (2005). Memory and verbal learning functions in twins with bipolar-I disorder, and the role of information-processing speed. Psychological Medicine 35, 205-215.
28. Kyvik, K. O., Christensen, K., Skytthe, A., Harvald, B. & Holm, N. V. (1996). The Danish Twin Register. Danish Medical Bulletin 4, 467-470.
29. MacQueen, G. M., Grof, P., Alda, M., Marriott, M., Young, L. T. & Duffy, A. (2004). A pilot study of visual backward masking performance among affected versus unaffected offspring of parents with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorders 6, 374-378.
30. Martinez-Aran, A., Vieta, E., Reinares, M., Colom, F., Torrent, C., Sanchez-Moreno, J., Benabarre, A., Goikolea, J. M., Comes, M. & Salamero, M. (2004). Cognitive function across manic or hypomanic, depressed, and euthymic states in bipolar disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 161, 262-270.
31. McDonald, C., Bullmore, E. T., Sham, P. C., Chitnis, X., Wickham, H., Bramon, E. & Murray, R. M. (2004). Association of genetic risks for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with specific and generic brain structural endophenotypes. Archives of General Psychiatry 61, 974-984.
32. McGuffin, P., Rijsdijk, F., Andrew, M., Sham, P., Katz, R. & Cardno, A. (2003). The heritability of bipolar affective disorder and the genetic relationship to unipolar depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 60, 497-502.
33. McIntosh, A. M., Harrison, L. K., Forrester, K., Lawrie, S. M. & Johnstone, E. C. (2005). Neuropsychological impairments in people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives. British Journal of Psychiatry 186, 378-385.
34. McIntosh, A. M., Job, D. E., Moorhead, W. J., Harrison, L. K., Whalley, H. C., Johnstone, E. C. & Lawrie, S. M. (2006). Genetic liability to schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and its relationship to brain structure. American Journal of Medical Genetics, Neuropsychiatric Genetics 141, 76-83.
35. Modell, S., Lauer, C. J., Schreiber, W., Huber, J., Krieg, J. C. & Holsboer, F. (1998). Hormonal response pattern in the combined DEX-CRH test is stable over time in subjects at high familial risk for affective disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 18, 253-262.
36. Munk-Jorgensen, P. & Mortensen, P. B. (1997). The Danish Psychiatric Central Register. Danish Medical Bulletin 44, 82-84.
37. Paykel, E. S., Brugha, T. & Fryers, T. (2005). Size and burden of depressive disorders in Europe. European Neuropsychopharmacology 15, 411-423.
38. Pezawas, L., Verchinski, B. A., Mattay, V. S., Callicott, J. H., Kolachana, B. S., Straub, R. E., Egan, M. F., Meyer-Lindenberg, A. & Weinberger, D. R. (2004). The brain-derived neurotrophic factor val66met polymorphism and variation in human cortical morphology. Journal of Neuroscience 24, 10099-10102.
39. Pini, S., de Queiroz, V., Pagnin, D., Pezawas, L., Angst, J., Cassano, G. B. & Wittchen, H. U. (2005). Prevalence and burden of bipolar disorders in European countries. European Neuropsychopharmacology 15, 425-434.
40. Quraishi, S. & Frangon, S. (2002). Neuropsychology of bipolar disorder: a review. Journal of Affective Disorders 72, 209-226.
41. Reitan, R. M. (1992). Trail Making Test: Manual for Administration and Scoring. Reitan Neuropsychology Laboratory: South Tucson, Arizona.
42. Roth, M. & Huppert, F. A. (2002). CAMDEX-R: The Cambridge Examination for the Elderly - Revised. Psykologisk forlag: Copenhagen.
43. Roth, M., Tym, E., Mountjoy, C. Q., Huppert, F. A., Hendrie, H., Verma, S. & Goddard, R. (1986). CAMDEX: A standardised instrument for the diagnosis of mental disorder in the elderly with special reference to the early detection of dementia. British Journal of Psychiatry 149, 698-709.
44. Sheline, Y. I., Barch, D. M., Garcia, K., Gersing, K., Pieper, C., Welsh-Bohmer, K., Steffens, D. C. & Doraiswamy, P. M. (2006). Cognitive function in late life depression: Relationships to depression severity, cerebrovascular risk factors and processing speed. Biological Psychiatry. Published online: 13 January 2006. PMID: 16414031.
45. Sheline, Y. I., Mittler, B. L. & Mintun, M. A. (2002). The hippocampus and depression. European Psychiatry 17 (Suppl. 3), 300-305.
46. Sobczak, S., Honig, A., Nicolson, N. A. & Riedel, W. J. (2000). Acute tryptophan depletion in bipolar disorders: Literature review and directives for further research. Acta Neropsychiatrica 12, 69-72.
47. Sobczak, S., Honig, A., Nicolson, N. A. & Riedel, W. J. (2002). Effects of acute tryptophan depletion on mood and cortisol release in first-degree relatives of type I and type II bipolar patients and healthy matched controls. Neuropsychopharmacology 27, 834-842.
48. Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology 18, 643-662.
49. Sullivan, P. F., Neale, M. C. & Kendler, K. S. (2000). Genetic epidemiology of major depression: Review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry 157, 1552-1562.
50. Thompson, J. M., Gallagher, P., Hughes, J. H., Watson, S., Gray, J. M., Ferrier, I. N. & Young, A. H. (2005). Neurocognitive impairment in euthymic patients with bipolar affective disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry 186, 32-10.
51. Weissman, M. M., Wickramaratne, P., Adams, P., Wolk, S., Verdeli, H. & Olfson, M. (2000). Brief screening for family psychiatric history: The family history screen. Archives of General Psychiatry 57, 675-682.
52. WHO (1967). International Classification of Diseases, Eighth Revision (ICD-8). World Health Organization: Geneva.
53. WHO (2005). International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). World Health Organization: Geneva.
54. Wing, J. K., Babor, T., Brugha, T., Burke, J., Cooper, J. E., Giel, R., Jablenski, A., Regier, D. & Sartorius, N. (1990). SCAN: Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Archives of General Psychiatry 47, 589-593.
55. Young, E. A. (1998). Sex differences and the HPA axis: Implications for psychiatric disease. Journal of Gender-specific Medicine 1, 21-27.
56. Zalla, T., Joyce, C., Szoke, A., Schurhoff, F., Pillon, B., Komano, O., Perez-Diaz, F., Bellivier, F., Alter, C., Dubois, B., Rouillon, F., Houde, O. & Leboyer, M. (2004). Executive dysfunctions as potential markers of familial vulnerability to bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research 121, 207-217.
57. Zobel, A. W., Yassouridis, A., Frieboes, R. M. & Holsboer, F. (1999). Prediction of medium-term outcome by cortisol response to the combined dexamethasone-CRH test in patients with remitted depression. American Journal of Psychiatry 156, 949-951.