Normative expectations in systems innovation

Technology Analysis and Strategic Management

Volumn 18, Issue 3-4, 2006, Pages 299-311

  Berkhout, Frans ^a  

^a INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INNOVATION; TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT;

EID: 33746129972     PISSN: 09537325     EISSN: 14653990     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09537320600777010     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. M. Michael, Futures of the present: From performativity to prehension, in: N. Brown, B. Rappert & A. Webster (Eds) Contested Futures: A Sociology of Prospective Techno-Science (Aldershot, UK, Ashgate, 2000).
2. R. Kemp & J. Rotmans, The management of the co-evolution of technical, environmental and social systems, Paper presented at the International Conference Towards Environmental Innovation Systems, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, September 2001.
3. B. Adam Time and Social Theory (Cambridge, UK, Polity Press).
4. U. Beck (1992) The Risk Society (London, Sage, 1990).
5. A. Giddens, Risk society: The context of British politics, in: J. Franklin (Ed.) The Politics of Risk Society (London, Polity Press/IPPR, 1998).
6. N. Brown & M. Michael, An analysis of changing expectations: Or 'retrospecting prospects and prospecting retrospects', Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 15, 2003, pp. 3-18.
7. W. Lippmann, Public Opinion (New York, Free Press, 1977).
8. K. Boulding, The Image: Knowledge in Life and Society (Ann Arbor, MI, University of Michigan Press, 1956), see p. 64.
9. G. Lakoff & M. Johnson, Metaphors We Live By (Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1980).
10. F. C. Bartlett, Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1932).
11. M. Minsky, A framework for representing knowledge, MIT-AI Lab Memo 306, June, 1974.
12. A. J. Greimas, The Social Science: A Semiotic View (Minneapolis, MN, University of Minneapolis Press, 1990).
13. M. A. K. Halliday & R. Hasan, Language, Context, and Text: Aspects of Language in a Social-Semiotic Perspective (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1989).
14. Cf. N. Brown, Hope against hype - accountability in biopasts, presents and futures, Science Studies 16 (2), 2003, pp. 3-21.
15. This is not to underestimate the embodiment of expectations in the material conditions of the present, or to argue that material representations of expectations, such as prototypes, are unimportant. It is merely to begin the analysis with a notion of expectations as cognitive structures and rhetorics.
16. F. Geels & W. A. Smit, Failed technology futures: Pitfalls and lessons from a historical survey, Futures 32, 2000, pp. 867-885.
17. S. Glynn, Constructing a selection environment: Competing expectations for CFC alternatives, Research Policy, 31(6), 2002, pp. 935-946.
18. H. van Lente, Promising technology: The dynamics of expectations in technological development, PhD thesis, Twente University Press, NL, 1993. This is similar to the notion of commitment that van Lente (p. 151) identifies in the analysis of ideographs. Ideographs are somewhat different from expectations and visions in being a set of guiding concepts representing unifying ideas and ideals.
19. Cf. J. Mokyr. The Gifts of Athena: Historical Origins of the Knowledge Economy (Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2002).
20. A. Smith, An R&D lab for Utopia? Alternative technology centres in the UK, Paper presented at the European Consortium for Political Research Joint Sessions Workshop on The Politics of Utopia: Intentional Communities as Social Science Microcosms, Uppsala University, Sweden, 13-18 April 2004.
21. K. Mannheim, Ideology and Utopia (London, Kegan Paul, Trench and Trubner, 1936), (see p. 173).
22. R. Levitas, The Concept of Utopia (Hemel Hempstead, Philip Allan, 1990).
23. J. C. Davis, Utopia and the Ideal Society (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1981).
24. Ecologist, The, A Blueprint for Survival (Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1972)
25. G. Boyle & P. Harper, Radical Technology (London, Wildwood House, 1976)
26. A. Lovins, Energy strategy: The road not taken?, Foreign Affairs, 55(1), 1976, pp. 65-96.
27. Boyle & Harper, op. cit., Ref. 23.
28. J. Kitzinger & C. Williams, Forecasting science futures: legitimising hope and calming fears in the embryo stem cell debate, Social Science & Medicine, 61, 2005, pp. 731-740.
29. B. Goodwin, Economic and social innovation in Utopia, in: P. Alexander & R. Gill (Eds) Utopias (London, Duckworth, 1984), (see p. 70).
30. J. Rotmans & R. Kemp, More evolution than revolution: Transition management in public policy, Foresight, 3(1), 2001, pp. 15-31
31. F. Geels, Technological transitions as evolutionary reconfiguration processes: A multi-level perspective and case study, Research Policy, 31(8-9), 2002, pp. 1257-1274.
32. R. Kemp, J. Schot & R. Hoogma, Regime shifts to sustainability through processes of niche formation: The approach of Strategic Niche Management, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 10(2), 1998, pp. 175-195.
33. F. Berkhout, A. Smith & A. Stirling, Socio-technical regimes and transition contexts, in: B. Elzen, F. W. Geels & K. Green (Eds) System Innovation and the Transition to Sustainability (Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 2003), pp. 48-75.
34. F. Cooren, Translation and articulation in the organisation of coalitions: The Great Whale River case, Communications Theory, 11(2), 2001, pp. 178-200.
35. W. Bijker, Of Bicycles, Bakelites and Bulbs: Toward a Theory of Sociotechnical Change (Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 1995).
36. M. Driscoll, Psychology of Learning for Instruction (Boston, MA, Allyn and Bacon, 1994). Borrowing from schema theory in educational psychology, we may suggest that visions are modified in three ways: accretion, tuning and restructuring. In accretion new information is assimilated into existing schema without making changes to its overall structure. Tuning implies that actors modify existing schema, while restructuring is a process of creating a new schema addressing inconsistencies between an old schema and new knowledge.
37. D. M. Boje, The storytelling organisation: A study of storytelling performance in an office supply firm, Administrative Science Quarterly, 36, 1991, pp. 106-126.
38. S. Dunn, Hydrogen futures: Toward a sustainable energy system, Worldwatch Paper No. 157, Worldwatch Institute, Washington DC, 2001.
39. O. Keck, Policymaking in a Nuclear Program: The Case of the West German Fast Breeder Reactor (Lexington, KY, Lexington Books, 1981).
40. E. Shove & D. Southerton, Defrosting the freezer: From novelty to convenience - a narrative of normalisation, Journal of Material Culture, 5(3), 2000, pp. 301-319.