Direct electronic measurement of the spin Hall effect

Nature

Volumn 442, Issue 7099, 2006, Pages 176-179

  Valenzuela, S O ^a,b   Tinkham, M ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRIC FIELDS; ELECTRON GAS; ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES; HETEROJUNCTIONS; LIGHT POLARIZATION;

FERROMAGNETIC ELECTRODES; SEMICONDUCTOR CHANNELS; SPIN POLARIZATION; VOLTAGE PROBES;

HALL EFFECT;

FERROMAGNETIC MATERIAL;

ELECTRICAL METHOD; ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT; POLARIZATION;

ARTICLE; CONDUCTOR; ELECTRON; ELECTRON ACCELERATOR; ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MAGNETIC AND ELECTROMAGNETIC EQUIPMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 33746123419     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: 14764687     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature04937     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Wolf, S. A. et al. Spintronics: a spin-based electronics vision for the future. Science 294, 1488-1495 (2001).
2. Dyakonov, M. I. & Perel, V. I. Possibility of orienting electron spins with current. JETP Lett. 13, 467-469 (1971).
3. Dyakonov, M. I. & Perel, V. I. Current-induced spin orientation of electrons in semiconductors. Phys. Lett. A 35, 459-460 (1971).
4. Hirsch, J. E. Spin Hall effect. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 1834-1837 (1999).
5. Kato, Y. K., Myers, R. C., Gossard, A. C. & Awschalom, D. D. Observation of the spin Hall effect in semiconductors. Science 306, 1910-1913 (2004).
6. Wunderlich, J., Kaestner, B., Sinova, J. & Jungwirth, T. Experimental observation of the spin Hall effect in a two-dimensional spin-orbit coupled semiconductor system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 047204 (2005).
7. Sih, V. et al. Spatial imaging of the spin Hall effect and current-induced polarization in two-dimensional electron gases. Nature Phys. 1, 31-35 (2005).
8. Zhang, S. Spin Hall effect in the presence of spin diffusion. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 393-396 (2000).
9. Murakami, S., Nagaosa, N. & Zhang, S. C. Dissipationless quantum spin current at room temperature. Science 301, 1348-1351 (2003).
10. Sinova, J. et al. Universal intrinsic spin Hall effect. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 126603 (2004).
11. Shchelushkin, R. V. & Brataas, A. Spin Hall effects in diffusive normal metals. Phys. Rev. B 71, 045123 (2005).
12. Shchelushkin, R. V. & Brataas, A. Spin Hall effect, Hall effect, and spin precession in diffusive normal metals. Phys. Rev. B 72, 073110 (2005).
13. Jedema, F. J., Heersche, H. B., Filip, A. T., Baselmans, J. J. A. & van Wees, B. J. Electrical detection of spin precession in a metallic spin valve. Nature 416, 713-716 (2002).
14. Valenzuela, S. O. & Tinkham, M. Spin-polarized tunneling in room-temperature spin valves. Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 5914-5916 (2004).
15. Valenzuela, S. O., Monsma, D. J., Marcus, C. M., Narayanamurti, V. & Tinkham, M. Spin polarized tunneling at finite bias. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 196601 (2005).
16. 3 interfaces using copper-doped aluminum superconducting films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 720-722 (2000).
17. Qi, Y. & Zhang, S. Spin diffusion at finite electric and magnetic fields. Phys. Rev. B 67, 052407 (2003).
18. Johnson, M. & Silsbee, R. H. Interfacial charge-spin coupling: injection and detection of spin magnetization in metals. Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 1790-1793 (1985).
19. Johnson, M. & Silsbee, R. H. Coupling of electronic charge and spin at a ferromagnetic-paramagnetic metal interface. Phys. Rev. B 37, 5312-5325 (1988).
20. Johnson, M. & Silsbee, R. H. Spin injection experiment. Phys. Rev. B 37, 5326-5335 (1988).
21. Ji, Y., Hoffmann, A., Jiang, J. S. & Bader, S. D. Spin injection, diffusion, and detection in lateral spin-valves. Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 6218-6220 (2004).
22. Urech, M., Korenivski, V., Poli, N. & Haviland, D. B. Direct demonstration of decoupling of spin and charge currents in nanostructures. Nano Lett. 6, 871-874 (2006).
23. O'Handley, R. C. Modern Magnetic Materials (Wiley & Sons, New York, 2000).
24. Zhang, S. Probing spin currents in semiconductors. J. Appl. Phys. 89, 7564-7566 (2001).
25. Engel, H. A., Halperin, B. I. & Rashba, E. I. Theory of spin Hall conductivity in n-doped GaAs. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 166605 (2005).
26. Tse, W. K. & Das Sarma, S. Spin Hall effect in doped semiconductor structures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 056601 (2006).
27. Papaconstantopoulos, D. A. Handbook of the Band Structure of Elemental Solids (Plenum, New York, 1986).