Diagnosis of renal osteodystrophy

European Journal of Clinical Investigation

Volumn 36, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2006, Pages 13-22

  Schwarz, C ^a   Sulzbacher, I ^a   Oberbauer, R ^b,c  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^b KH Elisabethinen   (Austria)

^c Medical University of Vienna ^*  (Austria)

Author keywords

Biochemical bone markers; Bone histology; Densitometry; Renal osteodystrophy

Indexed keywords

ACID PHOSPHATASE TARTRATE RESISTANT ISOENZYME; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ALUMINUM; BETA 2 MICROGLOBULIN; BIOCHEMICAL MARKER; COLECALCIFEROL; CYTOKINE; DEOXYPYRIDINOLINE; GROWTH FACTOR; OSTEOCALCIN; OSTEOGENIC PROTEIN 1; OSTEOPROTEGERIN; PARATHYROID HORMONE; PROCOLLAGEN; PYRIDINOLINE; SOMATOMEDIN C;

BONE BIOPSY; BONE DENSITOMETRY; BONE MATRIX; BONE METABOLISM; BONE MINERALIZATION; BONE STRENGTH; BONE TURNOVER; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DUAL ENERGY X RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; FOLLOW UP; FRACTURE; HISTOLOGY; HUMAN; OSSIFICATION; OSTEOLYSIS; OSTEOPOROSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIODIAGNOSIS; RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY; REVIEW; SEROLOGY;

ACID PHOSPHATASE; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN 7; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS; BONE RESORPTION; COLLAGEN TYPE I; HUMANS; ISOENZYMES; OSTEOCALCIN; OSTEOGENESIS; OSTEOPROTEGERIN; PARATHYROID HORMONE; RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY; RISK FACTORS; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

EID: 33745887230     PISSN: 00142972     EISSN: 13652362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2006.01666.x     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Malluche HH, Ritz E, Lange HP, Kutschera L, Hodgson M, Seiffert U et al. Bone histology in incipient and advanced renal failure. Kidney Int 1976;9:355-62.
2. Teitelbaum SL. Bone resorption by osteoclasts. Science 2000;289:1504-8.
3. Coen G, Ballanti P, Balducci A, Calabria S, Fischer MS, Jankovic L et al. Serum osteoprotegerin and renal osteodystrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002;17:233-8.
4. 3, and radiology in end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 1993;44:1071-7.
5. McIntyre CW, Schroeder NJ, Burrin JM, Cunningham J. Effects of new analogues of vitamin D on bone cells: implications for treatment of uremic bone disease. Kidney Int 1999;55:500-11.
6. Goodman WG, Ramirez JA, Belin TR, Chon Y, Gales B, Segre GV et al. Development of adynamic bone in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism after intermittent calcitriol therapy. Kidney Int 1994;46:1160-6.
7. Bordier PJ, Marie PJ, Arnaud CD. Evolution of renal osteodystrophy: correlation of bone histomorphometry and serum mineral and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone values before and after treatment with calcium carbonate or 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. Kidney Int (Suppl.) 1975: S102-12.
8. Faugere MC, Malluche HH. Comparison of different bone-biopsy techniques for qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of metabolic bone diseases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1983;65:1314-8.
9. Malluche H, Faugere MC. Renal bone disease 1990: an unmet challenge for the nephrologist. Kidney Int 1990;38:193-211.
10. Sherrard DJ, Hercz G, Pei Y, Maloney NA, Greenwood C, Manuel A et al. The spectrum of bone disease in end-stage renal failure - an evolving disorder. Kidney Int 1993;43:436-42.
11. Amling M, Grote HJ, Vogel M, Hahn M, Delling G. Three-dimensional analysis of the spine in autopsy cases with renal osteodystrophy. Kidney Int 1994;46:733-43.
12. Eknoyan G, Levin A, Levin NW. Bone metabolism and disease in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2003;42:1-201.
13. Bervoets AR, Spasovski GB, Behets GJ, Dams G, Polenakovic MH, Zafirovska K et al. Useful biochemical markers for diagnosing renal osteodystrophy in predialysis end-stage renal failure patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2003;41:997-1007.
14. Haas M, Leko-Mohr Z, Roschger P, Kletzmayr J, Schwarz C, Domenig C et al. Osteoprotegerin and parathyroid hormone as markers of high-turnover osteodystrophy and decreased bone mineralization in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39:580-6.
15. Couttenye MM, D'Haese PC, Deng JT, Van Hoof VO, Verpooten GA, De Broe ME. High prevalence of adynamic bone disease diagnosed by biochemical markers in a wide sample of the European CAPD population. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997;12:2144-50.
16. Almaden Y, Hernandez A, Torregrosa V, Canalejo A, Sabate L, Fernandez Cruz L et al. High phosphate level directly stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion and synthesis by human parathyroid tissue in vitro. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998;9:1845-52.
17. Bushinsky DA, Wolbach W, Sessler NE, Mogilevsky R, Levi-Setti R. Physicochemical effects of acidosis on bone calcium flux and surface ion composition. J Bone Miner Res 1993;8:93-102.
18. Bichara M, Mercier O, Borensztein P, Paillard M. Acute metabolic acidosis enhances circulating parathyroid hormone, which contributes to the renal response against acidosis in the rat. J Clin Invest 1990;86:430-43.
19. Malluche HH, Monier-Faugere MC. Risk of adynamic bone disease in dialyzed patients. Kidney Int (Suppl.) 1992;38:S62-7.
20. Pei Y, Hercz G, Greenwood C, Segre G, Manuel A, Saiphoo C et al. Risk factors for renal osteodystrophy: a multivariant analysis. J Bone Miner Res 1995;10:149-56.
21. Langub MC Jr, Koszewski NJ, Turner HV, Monier-Faugere MC, Geng Z, Malluche HH. Bone resorption and mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor in patients with renal osteodystrophy. Kidney Int 1996;50:515-20.
22. Picton ML, Moore PR, Mawer EB, Houghton D, Freemont AJ, Hutchison AJ et al. Down-regulation of human osteoblast PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA in end-stage renal failure. Kidney Int 2000;58:1440-9.
23. Lund RJ, Davies MR, Brown AJ, Hruska KA. Successful treatment of an adynamic bone disorder with bone morphogenetic protein-7 in a renal ablation model. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15:359-69.
24. Garnero P, Delmas PD. An immunoassay for type I collagen alpha-1 helicoidal peptide 620-633, a new marker of bone resorption in osteoporosis. Bone 2003;32:20-6.
25. Tsukamoto Y. Studies on action of menaquinone-7 in regulation of bone metabolism and its preventive role of osteoporosis. Biofactors 2004;22:5-19.
26. Lang TH, Willinger U, Holzer G. Soluble cathepsin-L: a marker of bone resorption and bone density? J Lab Clin Med 2004;144:163-6.
27. Quarles LD. FGF23, PHEX, and MEPE regulation of phosphate homeostasis and skeletal mineralization. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2003;285:E1-9.
28. Robins SP. Cross-linking of collagen. Isolation, structural characterization and glycosylation of pyridinoline. Biochem J 1983;215:167-73.
29. Urena P, Ferreira A, Kung VT, Morieux C, Simon P, Ang KS et al. Serum pyridinoline as a specific marker of collagen breakdown and bone metabolism in hemodialysis patients. J Bone Miner Res 1995;10:932-9.
30. Ibrahim S, Mojiminiyi S, Barron JL. Pyridinium cross-links in patients on haemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995;10:2290-4.
31. Urena P, De Vernejoul MC. Circulating biochemical markers of bone remodeling in uremic patients. Kidney Int 1999;55:2141-56.
32. Kazama JJ. Osteoprotegerin and bone mineral metabolism in renal failure. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2004;13:411-5.
33. Ek-Rylander B, Flores M, Wendel M, Heinegard D, Andersson G. Dephosphorylation of osteopontin and bone sialoprotein by osteoclastic tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. Modulation of osteoclast adhesion in vitro. J Biol Chem 1994;269:14853-6.
34. Chu P, Chao TY, Lin YF, Janckila AJ, Yam LT. Correlation between histomorphometric parameters of bone resorption and serum type 5b tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2003;41:1052-9.
35. Hannon RA, Clowes JA, Eagleton AC, Al Hadari A, Eastell R, Blumsohn A. Clinical performance of immunoreactive tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b as a marker of bone resorption. Bone 2004;34:187-94.
36. Mazzaferro S, Pasquali M, Ballanti P, Bonucci E, Costantini S, Chicca S et al. Diagnostic value of serum peptides of collagen synthesis and degradation in dialysis renal osteodystrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995;10:52-8.
37. Urena P, Hruby M, Ferreira A, Ang KS, de Vernejoul MC. Plasma total versus bone alkaline phosphatase as markers of bone turnover in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996;7:506-12.
38. Seargeant LE, Stinson RA. Evidence that three structural genes code for human alkaline phosphatases. Nature 1979;281:152-4.
39. Marie PJ, Lomri A, de Vernejoul MC, Morieux C, Graulet AM, Gueris J et al. Relationships between histomorphometric features of bone formation and bone cell characteristics in vitro in renal osteodystrophy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1989;69:1166-73.
40. Hruska KA, Teitelbaum SL. Renal osteodystrophy. N Engl J Med 1995;333:166-74.
41. Couttenye MM, D'Haese PC, Van Hoof VO, Lemoniatou E, Goodman W, Verpooten GA et al. Low serum levels of alkaline phosphatase of bone origin: a good marker of adynamic bone disease in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996;11:1065-72.
42. Urena P, Prieur P, Petrover M. Calcitriol may directly suppress bone turnover. Nephron 1997;75:116-7.
43. Ducy P, Desbois C, Boyce B, Pinero G, Story B, Dunstan C et al. Increased bone formation in osteocalcin-deficient mice. Nature 1996;382:448-52.
44. Tracy RP, Andrianorivo A, Riggs BL, Mann KG. Comparison of monoclonal and polyclonal antibody-based immunoassays for osteocalcin: a study of sources of variation in assay results. J Bone Miner Res 1990;5:451-61.
45. Diaz Diego EM, Guerrero R, de la Piedra C. Six osteocalcin assays compared. Clin Chem 1994;40:2071-7.
46. Hruska KA, Saab G, Chaudhary LR, Quinn CO, Lund RJ, Surendran K. Kidney-bone, bone-kidney, and cell-cell communications in renal osteodystrophy. Semin Nephrol 2004;24:25-38.
47. Ueda M, Inaba M, Okuno S, Nagasue K, Kitatani K, Ishimura E et al. Clinical usefulness of the serum N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen as a marker of bone formation in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;40:802-9.
48. Hamdy NA, Risteli J, Risteli L, Harris S, Beneton MN, Brown CB et al. Serum type I procollagen pep tide: a non-invasive index of bone formation in patients on haemodialysis? Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994;9:511-6.
49. Coen G, Mazzaferro S, De Antoni E, Chicca S, DiSanza P, Onorato L et al. Procollagen type 1 C-terminal extension peptide serum levels following parathyroidectomy in hyperparathyroid patients. Am J Nephrol 1994;14:106-12.
50. Malyszko J, Wolczynski S, Skrzydlewska E, Malyszko JS, Mysliwiec M. Vitamin K status in relation to bone metabolism in patients with renal failure. Am J Nephrol 2002;22:504-8.
51. 2 in hemodialysis patients with low serum parathyroid hormone levels. Bone 2004;34:579-83.
52. Quarles LD, Lobaugh B, Murphy G. Intact parathyroid hormone overestimates the presence and severity of parathyroid-mediated osseous abnormalities in uremia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992;75:145-50.
53. Lepage R, Roy L, Brossard JH, Rousseau L, Dorais C, Lazure C et al. A non-(1-84) circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) fragment interferes significantly with intact PTH commercial assay measurements in uremic samples. Clin Chem 1998;44:805-9.
54. Brossard JH, Cloutier M, Roy L, Lepage R, Gascon-Barre M, D'Amour P. Accumulation of a non-(1-84) molecular form of parathyroid hormone (PTH) detected by intact PTH assay in renal failure: importance in the interpretation of PTH values. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:3923-9.
55. Salusky IB, Goodman WG, Kuizon BD, Lavigne JR, Zahranik RJ, Zahranik RJ et al. Similar predictive value of bone turnover using first- and second-generation immunometric PTH assays in pediatric patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Kidney Int 2003;63:1801-8.
56. Slatopolsky E, Finch J, Clay P, Martin D, Sicard G, Singer G et al. A novel mechanism for skeletal resistance in uremia. Kidney Int 2000;58:753-61.
57. Reichel H, Esser A, Roth HJ, Schmidt-Gayk H. Influence of PTH assay methodology on differential diagnosis of renal bone disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18:759-68.
58. Malluche HH, Mawad H, Trueba D, Monier-Faugere MC. Parathyroid hormone assays - evolution and revolutions in the care of dialysis patients. Clin Nephrol 2003;59:313-8.
59. Coen G, Bonucci E, Ballanti P, Balducci A, Calabria S, Nicolai GA et al. PTH 1-84 and PTH '7-84' in the noninvasive diagnosis of renal bone disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;40:348-54.
60. Torres A, Lorenzo V, Hernandez D, Rodriguez JC, Concepcion MT, Rodriguez AP et al. Bone disease in predialysis, hemodialysis, and CAPD patients: evidence of a better bone response to PTH. Kidney Int 1995;47:1434-42.
61. Qi Q, Monier-Faugere MC, Geng Z, Malluche HH. Predictive value of serum parathyroid hormone levels for bone turnover in patients on chronic maintenance dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 1995;26:622-31.
62. Gerakis A, Hutchison AJ, Apostolou T, Freemont AJ, Billis A. Biochemical markers for non-invasive diagnosis of hyperparathyroid bone disease and adynamic bone in patients on haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996;11:2430-8.
63. Eastwood JB, Stamp TC, Harris E, de Wardener HE. Vitamin-D deficiency in the osteomalacia of chronic renal failure. Lancet 1976;2:1209-11.
64. Malluche HH. Aluminium and bone disease in chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002;17 (Suppl. 2):21-4.
65. D'Haese PC, Couttenye MM, Goodman WG, Lemoniatou E, Digenis P, Sotornik I et al. Use of the low-dose desferrioxamine test to diagnose and differentiate between patients with aluminium-related bone disease, increased risk for aluminium toxicity, or aluminium overload. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995;10:1874-84.
66. De Broe ME, D'Haese PC, Couttenye MM, Van Landeghem GF, Lamberts LV. New insights and strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of aluminium overload in dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1993;8 (Suppl. 1):47-50.
67. Bielesz B, Klaushofer K, Oberbauer R. Renal phosphate loss in hereditary and acquired disorders of bone mineralization. Bone 2004;35:1229-39.
68. Imanishi Y, Inaba M, Nakatsuka K, Nagasue K, Okuno S, Yoshihara A et al. FGF-23 in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Kidney Int 2004;65:1943-6.
69. Larsson T, Nisbeth U, Ljunggren O, Juppner H, Jonsson KB. Circulating concentration of FGF-23 increases as renal function declines in patients with chronic kidney disease, but does not change in response to variation in phosphate intake in healthy volunteers. Kidney Int 2003;64:2272-9.
70. Salusky IB, Goodman WG. Adynamic renal osteodystrophy: is there a problem? J Am Soc Nephrol 2001;12:1978-85.
71. Ferreira MA. Diagnosis of renal osteodystrophy: when and how to use biochemical markers and non-invasive methods; when bone biopsy is needed. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000;15 (Suppl. 5):8-14.
72. Rix M, Andreassen H, Eskildsen P, Langdahl B, Olgaard K. Bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with predialysis chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 1999;56:1084-93.
73. Dent CE, Hodson CJ. Radiological changes associated with certain metabolic bone diseases. Br J Radiol 1954;27:605-18.
74. Nakashima A, Yorioka N, Doi S, Ueda C, Usui K, Shigemoto K et al. Radial bone mineral density in hemodialysis patients with adynamic bone disease. Int J Artif Organs 2003;26:200-4.
75. Pluskiewicz W, Adamczyk P, Drozdzowska B, Szprynger K, Szczepanska M, Halaba Z et al. Skeletal status in adolescents with end-stage renal failure: a longitudinal study. Osteoporos Int 2005;16:289-95.
76. Urena P, Bernard-Poenaru O, Ostertag A, Baudoin C, Cohen-Solal M, Cantor T et al. Bone mineral density, biochemical markers and skeletal fractures in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18:2325-31.
77. Roschger P, Fratzl P, Eschberger J, Klaushofer K. Validation of quantitative back-scattered electron imaging for the measurement of mineral density distribution in human bone biopsies. Bone 1998;23:319-26.
78. Haas M, Leko-Mohr Z, Roschger P, Kletzmayr J, Schwarz C, Mitterbauer C et al. Zoledronic acid to prevent bone loss in the first 6 months after renal transplantation. Kidney Int 2003;63:1130-6.