메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 13-14, 2006, Pages 1638-1667

A critical assessment of subglacial mega-floods: a case study of glacial sediments and landforms in south-central Alberta, Canada

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EROSION; GLACIERS; ICE; LANDFORMS; SEDIMENTS; SPILLWAYS;

EID: 33745817790     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.12.007     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (57)

References (122)
  • 2
    • 0026286246 scopus 로고
    • Deforming-bed origin for southern Laurentide till sheets?
    • Alley R.B. Deforming-bed origin for southern Laurentide till sheets?. Journal of Glaciology 37 (1991) 67-76
    • (1991) Journal of Glaciology , vol.37 , pp. 67-76
    • Alley, R.B.1
  • 3
    • 0034493831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alley, R.B., 2000. Continuity comes first: recent progress in understanding subglacial deformation. in: Maltman, A.J., Hubbard, B., Hambrey, M.J. (Eds.), Deformation of Glacial Materials. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 176, pp. 171-179.
  • 4
    • 0032454847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the extent of North American ice sheets during the late Cenozoic
    • Barendregt R.W., and Irving E. Changes in the extent of North American ice sheets during the late Cenozoic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 35 (1998) 504-509
    • (1998) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.35 , pp. 504-509
    • Barendregt, R.W.1    Irving, E.2
  • 5
    • 0032300058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphy and paleomagnetism of Late Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments in the Wellsch Valley and Swift Current Creek areas, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada
    • Barendregt R.W., Irving E., Christiansen E.A., Sauer E.K., and Schreiner B.T. Stratigraphy and paleomagnetism of Late Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments in the Wellsch Valley and Swift Current Creek areas, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 35 (1998) 1347-1361
    • (1998) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.35 , pp. 1347-1361
    • Barendregt, R.W.1    Irving, E.2    Christiansen, E.A.3    Sauer, E.K.4    Schreiner, B.T.5
  • 6
    • 0034298553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydraulic modeling of subglacial tunnel channels, southeast Alberta, Canada
    • Beaney C.L., and Hicks F.E. Hydraulic modeling of subglacial tunnel channels, southeast Alberta, Canada. Hydrological Processes 14 (2000) 2545-2557
    • (2000) Hydrological Processes , vol.14 , pp. 2545-2557
    • Beaney, C.L.1    Hicks, F.E.2
  • 7
    • 0034088623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The subglacial geomorphology of southeast Alberta: evidence for subglacial meltwater erosion
    • Beaney C.L., and Shaw J. The subglacial geomorphology of southeast Alberta: evidence for subglacial meltwater erosion. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37 (2000) 51-61
    • (2000) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.37 , pp. 51-61
    • Beaney, C.L.1    Shaw, J.2
  • 8
    • 0028590623 scopus 로고
    • Fabric shape and the interpretation of sedimentary fabric data
    • Benn D.I. Fabric shape and the interpretation of sedimentary fabric data. Journal of Sedimentary Research A 64 (1994) 910-915
    • (1994) Journal of Sedimentary Research A , vol.64 , pp. 910-915
    • Benn, D.I.1
  • 9
    • 0030302487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interpretation and classification of subglacially-deformed materials
    • Benn D.I., and Evans D.J.A. The interpretation and classification of subglacially-deformed materials. Quaternary Science Reviews 15 (1996) 23-52
    • (1996) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.15 , pp. 23-52
    • Benn, D.I.1    Evans, D.J.A.2
  • 10
    • 33745856386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benn, D.I., Evans, D.J.A., in press. Subglacial floods and the limitations of outrageous hypothesis. In: Knight, P.G. (Ed.), Glacier Science and Environmental change. Blackwell, London.
  • 11
    • 0034071515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glaciolacustrine landform-sediment assemblage at Heinabergsjökull, Iceland
    • Bennett M.R., Huddart D., and McCormick T. The glaciolacustrine landform-sediment assemblage at Heinabergsjökull, Iceland. Geografiska Annaler 82A (2000) 1-16
    • (2000) Geografiska Annaler , vol.82 A , pp. 1-16
    • Bennett, M.R.1    Huddart, D.2    McCormick, T.3
  • 12
    • 0027806490 scopus 로고
    • Deformation-induced microstructures in soils affected by mass movements
    • Bertran P. Deformation-induced microstructures in soils affected by mass movements. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 18 (1993) 645-660
    • (1993) Earth Surface Processes and Landforms , vol.18 , pp. 645-660
    • Bertran, P.1
  • 13
    • 0023482490 scopus 로고
    • A theory of drumlin formation by subglacial sediment deformation
    • Menzies J., and Rose J. (Eds), Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Boulton G.S. A theory of drumlin formation by subglacial sediment deformation. In: Menzies J., and Rose J. (Eds). Drumlin Symposium (1987), Balkema, Rotterdam 25-80
    • (1987) Drumlin Symposium , pp. 25-80
    • Boulton, G.S.1
  • 14
    • 0029731533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory of glacial erosion, transport and deposition as a consequence of subglacial sediment deformation
    • Boulton G.S. Theory of glacial erosion, transport and deposition as a consequence of subglacial sediment deformation. Journal of Glaciology 42 (1996) 43-62
    • (1996) Journal of Glaciology , vol.42 , pp. 43-62
    • Boulton, G.S.1
  • 15
    • 0030438438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of till sequences by subglacial sediment deformation beneath mid-latitude ice sheets
    • Boulton G.S. The origin of till sequences by subglacial sediment deformation beneath mid-latitude ice sheets. Annals of Glaciology 22 (1996) 75-84
    • (1996) Annals of Glaciology , vol.22 , pp. 75-84
    • Boulton, G.S.1
  • 16
    • 0025690948 scopus 로고
    • A highly mobile Laurentide ice sheet revealed by satellite images of glacial lineations
    • Boulton G.S., and Clark C.D. A highly mobile Laurentide ice sheet revealed by satellite images of glacial lineations. Nature 346 (1990) 813-817
    • (1990) Nature , vol.346 , pp. 813-817
    • Boulton, G.S.1    Clark, C.D.2
  • 17
    • 0025668334 scopus 로고
    • The Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glacial cycle: the topology of drift lineations as a key to the dynamic behaviour of former ice sheets
    • Boulton G.S., and Clark C.D. The Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glacial cycle: the topology of drift lineations as a key to the dynamic behaviour of former ice sheets. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 81 (1990) 327-347
    • (1990) Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences , vol.81 , pp. 327-347
    • Boulton, G.S.1    Clark, C.D.2
  • 18
    • 0035652945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sediment deformation beneath glaciers and its coupling to the subglacial hydraulic system
    • Boulton G.S., Dobbie K.E., and Zatsepin S. Sediment deformation beneath glaciers and its coupling to the subglacial hydraulic system. Quaternary International 86 (2001) 3-28
    • (2001) Quaternary International , vol.86 , pp. 3-28
    • Boulton, G.S.1    Dobbie, K.E.2    Zatsepin, S.3
  • 19
    • 0030425923 scopus 로고
    • Regional scale meltwater erosion and deposition patterns, northern Quebec, Canada
    • Brennand T.A., Shaw J., and Sharpe D.R. Regional scale meltwater erosion and deposition patterns, northern Quebec, Canada. Annals of Glaciology 22 (1995) 85-92
    • (1995) Annals of Glaciology , vol.22 , pp. 85-92
    • Brennand, T.A.1    Shaw, J.2    Sharpe, D.R.3
  • 21
    • 33745821820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Campbell, J.D., 1964. Appendix E. Notes on ancestral stream courses. Vulcan-Gleichen area. in: Campbell, J.D., Almadi, I.S. (Eds.), Coal Occurrences of the Vulcan-Gleichen Area. Alberta Research Council, Preliminary Report 64-2, 58pp.
  • 22
    • 0018456451 scopus 로고
    • The Wisconsinan deglaciation of southern Saskatchewan and adjacent areas
    • Christiansen E.A. The Wisconsinan deglaciation of southern Saskatchewan and adjacent areas. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 16 (1979) 913-938
    • (1979) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.16 , pp. 913-938
    • Christiansen, E.A.1
  • 23
    • 0027388173 scopus 로고
    • Mega-scale lineations and cross-cutting ice-flow landforms
    • Clark C.D. Mega-scale lineations and cross-cutting ice-flow landforms. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 18 (1993) 1-29
    • (1993) Earth Surface Processes and Landforms , vol.18 , pp. 1-29
    • Clark, C.D.1
  • 24
    • 0031426316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstructing the evolutionary dynamics of former ice sheets using multi-temporal evidence, remote sensing and GIS
    • Clark C.D. Reconstructing the evolutionary dynamics of former ice sheets using multi-temporal evidence, remote sensing and GIS. Quaternary Science Reviews 16 (1997) 1067-1092
    • (1997) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.16 , pp. 1067-1092
    • Clark, C.D.1
  • 25
    • 0348233879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A groove-ploughing theory for the production of mega-scale glacial lineations, and implications for ice stream mechanics
    • Clark C.D., Tulaczyk S.M., Stokes C.R., and Canals M. A groove-ploughing theory for the production of mega-scale glacial lineations, and implications for ice stream mechanics. Journal of Glaciology 49 (2003) 240-256
    • (2003) Journal of Glaciology , vol.49 , pp. 240-256
    • Clark, C.D.1    Tulaczyk, S.M.2    Stokes, C.R.3    Canals, M.4
  • 26
    • 84879890810 scopus 로고
    • Subglacial drainage, eskers, and deforming beds beneath the Laurentide and Eurasian ice sheets
    • Clark P.U., and Walder J.S. Subglacial drainage, eskers, and deforming beds beneath the Laurentide and Eurasian ice sheets. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 106 (1994) 304-314
    • (1994) Bulletin of the Geological Society of America , vol.106 , pp. 304-314
    • Clark, P.U.1    Walder, J.S.2
  • 27
    • 1242299578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paleohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event
    • Clarke G.K.C., Leverington D.W., Teller J.T., and Dyke A.S. Paleohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event. Quaternary Science Reviews 23 (2004) 389-407
    • (2004) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.23 , pp. 389-407
    • Clarke, G.K.C.1    Leverington, D.W.2    Teller, J.T.3    Dyke, A.S.4
  • 28
    • 33646187470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fresh arguments against the Shaw megaflood hypothesis. A reply to comments by David Sharpe on "Paleohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event"
    • Clarke G.K.C., Leverington D.W., Teller J.T., Dyke A.S., and Marhsall S.J. Fresh arguments against the Shaw megaflood hypothesis. A reply to comments by David Sharpe on "Paleohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event". Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1533-1541
    • (2005) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.24 , pp. 1533-1541
    • Clarke, G.K.C.1    Leverington, D.W.2    Teller, J.T.3    Dyke, A.S.4    Marhsall, S.J.5
  • 29
    • 0022202224 scopus 로고
    • Surging of the southwestern part of the Laurentide Ice Sheet
    • Clayton L., Teller J.T., and Attig J.W. Surging of the southwestern part of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Boreas 14 (1985) 235-241
    • (1985) Boreas , vol.14 , pp. 235-241
    • Clayton, L.1    Teller, J.T.2    Attig, J.W.3
  • 30
    • 0018687827 scopus 로고
    • Ice action in the lacustrine environment. A review with particular reference to subarctic Quebec, Canada
    • Dionne J.-C. Ice action in the lacustrine environment. A review with particular reference to subarctic Quebec, Canada. Earth Science Reviews 15 (1979) 185-212
    • (1979) Earth Science Reviews , vol.15 , pp. 185-212
    • Dionne, J.-C.1
  • 31
    • 0024183023 scopus 로고
    • Drumlin fields, dispersal trains and ice streams in arctic Canada
    • Dyke A.S., and Morris T.F. Drumlin fields, dispersal trains and ice streams in arctic Canada. Canadian Geographer 32 (1988) 86-90
    • (1988) Canadian Geographer , vol.32 , pp. 86-90
    • Dyke, A.S.1    Morris, T.F.2
  • 33
    • 84879879562 scopus 로고
    • A gravel/diamicton lag on the south Albertan prairies, Canada: evidence of bed armoring in early deglacial sheetflood/spillway courses
    • Evans D.J.A. A gravel/diamicton lag on the south Albertan prairies, Canada: evidence of bed armoring in early deglacial sheetflood/spillway courses. Geological Society of America Bulletin 103 (1991) 975-982
    • (1991) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.103 , pp. 975-982
    • Evans, D.J.A.1
  • 34
    • 0028192565 scopus 로고
    • The stratigraphy and sedimentary structures associated with complex subglacial thermal regimes at the southwestern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, southern Alberta, Canada
    • Warren W.P., and Croot D.G. (Eds), Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Evans D.J.A. The stratigraphy and sedimentary structures associated with complex subglacial thermal regimes at the southwestern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, southern Alberta, Canada. In: Warren W.P., and Croot D.G. (Eds). Formation and Deformation of Glacial Deposits (1994), Balkema, Rotterdam 203-220
    • (1994) Formation and Deformation of Glacial Deposits , pp. 203-220
    • Evans, D.J.A.1
  • 35
    • 0034042061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quaternary geology and geomorphology of the Dinosaur Provincial Park area and surrounding plains, Alberta, Canada: the identification of former glacial lobes, drainage diversions and meltwater flood tracks
    • Evans D.J.A. Quaternary geology and geomorphology of the Dinosaur Provincial Park area and surrounding plains, Alberta, Canada: the identification of former glacial lobes, drainage diversions and meltwater flood tracks. Quaternary Science Reviews 19 (2000) 931-958
    • (2000) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.19 , pp. 931-958
    • Evans, D.J.A.1
  • 36
    • 0034464645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A gravel outwash/deformation till continuum, Skalafellsjokull, Iceland
    • Evans D.J.A. A gravel outwash/deformation till continuum, Skalafellsjokull, Iceland. Geografiska Annaler 82A (2000) 499-512
    • (2000) Geografiska Annaler , vol.82 A , pp. 499-512
    • Evans, D.J.A.1
  • 37
    • 84918939800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice-marginal terrestrial landsystems: active temperate glacier margins
    • Evans D.J.A. (Ed), Arnold, London
    • Evans D.J.A. Ice-marginal terrestrial landsystems: active temperate glacier margins. In: Evans D.J.A. (Ed). Glacial Landsystems (2003), Arnold, London 12-43
    • (2003) Glacial Landsystems , pp. 12-43
    • Evans, D.J.A.1
  • 38
    • 0027061226 scopus 로고
    • Glacial and postglacial stratigraphy of Dinosaur Provincial Park and surrounding plains, southern Alberta, Canada
    • Evans D.J.A., and Campbell I.A. Glacial and postglacial stratigraphy of Dinosaur Provincial Park and surrounding plains, southern Alberta, Canada. Quaternary Science Reviews 11 (1992) 535-555
    • (1992) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.11 , pp. 535-555
    • Evans, D.J.A.1    Campbell, I.A.2
  • 39
    • 0029516509 scopus 로고
    • Quaternary stratigraphy of the buried valleys of the lower Red Deer River, Alberta, Canada
    • Evans D.J.A., and Campbell I.A. Quaternary stratigraphy of the buried valleys of the lower Red Deer River, Alberta, Canada. Journal of Quaternary Science 10 (1995) 123-148
    • (1995) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.10 , pp. 123-148
    • Evans, D.J.A.1    Campbell, I.A.2
  • 40
    • 0038732339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depositional evidence for marginal oscillations of the Irish Sea ice stream in southeast Ireland during the last glaciation
    • Evans D.J.A., and Ó Cofaigh C. Depositional evidence for marginal oscillations of the Irish Sea ice stream in southeast Ireland during the last glaciation. Boreas 32 (2003) 76-101
    • (2003) Boreas , vol.32 , pp. 76-101
    • Evans, D.J.A.1    Ó Cofaigh, C.2
  • 41
    • 0038375007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The active temperate glacial landsystem: a model based on Breidamerkurjokull and Fjallsjokull, Iceland
    • Evans D.J.A., and Twigg D.R. The active temperate glacial landsystem: a model based on Breidamerkurjokull and Fjallsjokull, Iceland. Quaternary Science Reviews 21 (2002) 2143-2177
    • (2002) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.21 , pp. 2143-2177
    • Evans, D.J.A.1    Twigg, D.R.2
  • 42
    • 0029527285 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphy and sedimentology of Devensian (Dimlington Stadial) glacial deposits, east Yorkshire, England
    • Evans D.J.A., Owen L.A., and Roberts D. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of Devensian (Dimlington Stadial) glacial deposits, east Yorkshire, England. Journal of Quaternary Science 10 (1995) 241-265
    • (1995) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.10 , pp. 241-265
    • Evans, D.J.A.1    Owen, L.A.2    Roberts, D.3
  • 43
    • 33745816496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evans, D.J.A., Rea, B.R., Benn, D.I., 1998. Subglacial deformation and bedrock plucking in areas of hard bedrock. Glacial Geology and Geomorphology, rp04/1998-http://ggg.qub.ac.uk/ggg/papers/full/1998/rp041998/rp04.html
  • 44
    • 0033391836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacial landsystems of the southwest Laurentide Ice Sheet: modern Icelandic analogues
    • Evans D.J.A., Lemmen D.S., and Rea B.R. Glacial landsystems of the southwest Laurentide Ice Sheet: modern Icelandic analogues. Journal of Quaternary Science 14 (1999) 673-691
    • (1999) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.14 , pp. 673-691
    • Evans, D.J.A.1    Lemmen, D.S.2    Rea, B.R.3
  • 45
    • 0023482458 scopus 로고
    • Late Pleistocene debris flow deposits in large glacial lakes in British Columbia and Alaska
    • Eyles N. Late Pleistocene debris flow deposits in large glacial lakes in British Columbia and Alaska. Sedimentary Geology 53 (1987) 33-71
    • (1987) Sedimentary Geology , vol.53 , pp. 33-71
    • Eyles, N.1
  • 47
    • 0001908810 scopus 로고
    • The Halland coastal moraines: are they end moraines or glaciotectonic ridges?
    • Croot D.G. (Ed), Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Fernlund J.M.R. The Halland coastal moraines: are they end moraines or glaciotectonic ridges?. In: Croot D.G. (Ed). Glaciotectonics: Forms and Processes (1988), Balkema, Rotterdam 77-90
    • (1988) Glaciotectonics: Forms and Processes , pp. 77-90
    • Fernlund, J.M.R.1
  • 48
    • 0027090592 scopus 로고
    • A depositional model for Rogen moraine, with examples from the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland
    • Fisher T.G., and Shaw J. A depositional model for Rogen moraine, with examples from the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29 (1992) 669-686
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.29 , pp. 669-686
    • Fisher, T.G.1    Shaw, J.2
  • 49
    • 0034490878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuller, S., Murray, T., 2000. Evidence against pervasive bed deformation during the surge of an Icelandic glacier. In: Maltman, A.J., Hubbard, B., Hambrey, M.J. (Eds.), Deformation of Glacial Materials. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 176, pp. 203-216.
  • 50
    • 33745833755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geiger, R.W., 1967. Bedrock topography of the Gleichen map area, Alberta. Research Council of Alberta, Report 67-2, 14pp.
  • 51
    • 33745864964 scopus 로고
    • Grain-size distribution of subglacial till and its relation to glacial crushing and abrasion
    • Haldorsen S. Grain-size distribution of subglacial till and its relation to glacial crushing and abrasion. Boreas 11 (1981) 261-277
    • (1981) Boreas , vol.11 , pp. 261-277
    • Haldorsen, S.1
  • 52
    • 0028553806 scopus 로고
    • Proglacial glaciotectonic deformation at Melabakkar-Asbakkar, west Iceland
    • Hart J.K. Proglacial glaciotectonic deformation at Melabakkar-Asbakkar, west Iceland. Boreas 23 (1994) 112-121
    • (1994) Boreas , vol.23 , pp. 112-121
    • Hart, J.K.1
  • 53
    • 0030465133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proglacial glaciotectonic deformation associated with glaciolacustrine sedimentation, Lake Pukaki, New Zealand
    • Hart J.K. Proglacial glaciotectonic deformation associated with glaciolacustrine sedimentation, Lake Pukaki, New Zealand. Journal of Quaternary Science 11 (1996) 149-160
    • (1996) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.11 , pp. 149-160
    • Hart, J.K.1
  • 54
    • 0028190454 scopus 로고
    • Criteria to distinguish between subglacial glaciotectonic and glaciomarine sedimentation, I. Deformation styles and sedimentology
    • Hart J.K., and Roberts D.H. Criteria to distinguish between subglacial glaciotectonic and glaciomarine sedimentation, I. Deformation styles and sedimentology. Sedimentary Geology 91 (1994) 191-213
    • (1994) Sedimentary Geology , vol.91 , pp. 191-213
    • Hart, J.K.1    Roberts, D.H.2
  • 55
    • 0028570156 scopus 로고
    • Decay of a high arctic lake ice cover: observations and modelling
    • Heron R., and Woo M.-K. Decay of a high arctic lake ice cover: observations and modelling. Journal of Glaciology 40 (1994) 283-292
    • (1994) Journal of Glaciology , vol.40 , pp. 283-292
    • Heron, R.1    Woo, M.-K.2
  • 56
    • 0027079170 scopus 로고
    • Lobal interactions and rheologic superposition in subglacial till near Bradtville, Ontario, Canada
    • Hicock S.R. Lobal interactions and rheologic superposition in subglacial till near Bradtville, Ontario, Canada. Boreas 21 (1992) 73-88
    • (1992) Boreas , vol.21 , pp. 73-88
    • Hicock, S.R.1
  • 57
    • 0029476753 scopus 로고
    • Lobal interactions, rheologic superposition, and implications for a Pleistocene ice stream on the continental shelf of British Columbia
    • Hicock S.R., and Fuller E.A. Lobal interactions, rheologic superposition, and implications for a Pleistocene ice stream on the continental shelf of British Columbia. Geomorphology 14 (1995) 167-184
    • (1995) Geomorphology , vol.14 , pp. 167-184
    • Hicock, S.R.1    Fuller, E.A.2
  • 59
    • 0042769325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observing artificially induced strain: implications for subglacial deformation
    • Hiemstra J.F., and Rijsdijk K.F. Observing artificially induced strain: implications for subglacial deformation. Journal of Quaternary Science 18 (2003) 373-383
    • (2003) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.18 , pp. 373-383
    • Hiemstra, J.F.1    Rijsdijk, K.F.2
  • 60
    • 84874960305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clast fabric development in a shearing granular material: implications for subglacial till and fault gouge
    • Hooyer T.S., and Iverson N.R. Clast fabric development in a shearing granular material: implications for subglacial till and fault gouge. Geological Society of America Bulletin 112 (2000) 683-692
    • (2000) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.112 , pp. 683-692
    • Hooyer, T.S.1    Iverson, N.R.2
  • 61
    • 0035714525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed shear of subglacial till due to Coulomb slip
    • Iverson N.R., and Iverson R.M. Distributed shear of subglacial till due to Coulomb slip. Journal of Glaciology 47 (2001) 481-488
    • (2001) Journal of Glaciology , vol.47 , pp. 481-488
    • Iverson, N.R.1    Iverson, R.M.2
  • 62
    • 0342449245 scopus 로고
    • Moraines and glacial lakes in southern Saskatchewan and southern Alberta, Canada
    • Johnston W.A., and Wickenden R.T.D. Moraines and glacial lakes in southern Saskatchewan and southern Alberta, Canada. Royal Society of Canada Transactions 31 (1931) 81-95
    • (1931) Royal Society of Canada Transactions , vol.31 , pp. 81-95
    • Johnston, W.A.1    Wickenden, R.T.D.2
  • 63
    • 2442449542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processes of glacial transportation
    • Menzies J. (Ed), Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford
    • Kirkbride M.P. Processes of glacial transportation. In: Menzies J. (Ed). Modern & Past Glacial Environments (2002), Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford 147-169
    • (2002) Modern & Past Glacial Environments , pp. 147-169
    • Kirkbride, M.P.1
  • 64
    • 33745848971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klassen, R.W., 1989. Quaternary geology of the southern Canadian interior plains. In: Fulton, R.J. (Ed.), Quaternary Geology of Canada and Greenland. Geological Survey of Canada, Geology of Canada No. 1, pp. 138-173.
  • 65
    • 33745818706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mazullo, J., Graham, A.G., 1988. Handbook for shipboard sedimentologists. Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, Technical Note no. 8, 67pp.
  • 66
    • 0141460461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deformation styles as a key for interpreting glacial depositional environments
    • McCarroll D., and Rijsdijk K.F. Deformation styles as a key for interpreting glacial depositional environments. Journal of Quaternary Science 18 (2003) 473-489
    • (2003) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.18 , pp. 473-489
    • McCarroll, D.1    Rijsdijk, K.F.2
  • 67
    • 0034500168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Menzies, J., 2000. Micromorphological analyses of microfabrics and microstructures indicative of deformation processes in glacial sediments. In: Maltman, A.J., Hubbard, B., Hambrey, M.J. (Eds.), Deformation of Glacial Materials. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 176, pp. 245-258.
  • 68
    • 0037451766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microstructures within a modern debris flow deposit derived from Quaternary glacial diamicton-a comparative micromorphological study
    • Menzies J., and Zaniewski K. Microstructures within a modern debris flow deposit derived from Quaternary glacial diamicton-a comparative micromorphological study. Sedimentary Geology 157 (2003) 31-48
    • (2003) Sedimentary Geology , vol.157 , pp. 31-48
    • Menzies, J.1    Zaniewski, K.2
  • 69
    • 33745807389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Munro, M.J., 1999. Geomorphology and sedimentology of hummocky terrain, south-central Alberta, Canada. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Alberta.
  • 70
    • 0031391448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erosional origin of hummocky terrain in south-central Alberta, Canada
    • Munro-Stasiuk M.J., and Shaw J. Erosional origin of hummocky terrain in south-central Alberta, Canada. Geology 25 (1997) 1027-1030
    • (1997) Geology , vol.25 , pp. 1027-1030
    • Munro-Stasiuk, M.J.1    Shaw, J.2
  • 71
    • 0033376743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for water storage and drainage at the base of the Laurentide Ice Sheet
    • Munro-Stasiuk M.J. Evidence for water storage and drainage at the base of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Annals of Glaciology 28 (1999) 175-180
    • (1999) Annals of Glaciology , vol.28 , pp. 175-180
    • Munro-Stasiuk, M.J.1
  • 72
    • 0002683601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rhythmic till sedimentation: evidence for repeated hydraulic lifting of a stagnant ice mass
    • Munro-Stasiuk M.J. Rhythmic till sedimentation: evidence for repeated hydraulic lifting of a stagnant ice mass. Journal of Sedimentary Research 70 (2000) 94-106
    • (2000) Journal of Sedimentary Research , vol.70 , pp. 94-106
    • Munro-Stasiuk, M.J.1
  • 73
    • 0042594463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subglacial Lake McGregor, south-central Alberta, Canada
    • Munro-Stasiuk M.J. Subglacial Lake McGregor, south-central Alberta, Canada. Sedimentary Geology 160 (2003) 325-350
    • (2003) Sedimentary Geology , vol.160 , pp. 325-350
    • Munro-Stasiuk, M.J.1
  • 74
    • 0036226376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Blackspring Ridge flute field, south-central Alberta, Canada: evidence for subglacial sheetflow erosion
    • Munro-Stasiuk M.J., and Shaw J. The Blackspring Ridge flute field, south-central Alberta, Canada: evidence for subglacial sheetflow erosion. Quaternary International 90 (2002) 75-86
    • (2002) Quaternary International , vol.90 , pp. 75-86
    • Munro-Stasiuk, M.J.1    Shaw, J.2
  • 75
    • 84879889382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deforming bed conditions associated with a major ice stream of the last British ice sheet
    • Ó Cofaigh C., and Evans D.J.A. Deforming bed conditions associated with a major ice stream of the last British ice sheet. Geology 29 (2001) 795-798
    • (2001) Geology , vol.29 , pp. 795-798
    • Ó Cofaigh, C.1    Evans, D.J.A.2
  • 76
    • 0034887354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sedimentary evidence for deforming bed conditions associated with a grounded Irish Sea Glacier, southern Ireland
    • Ó Cofaigh C., and Evans D.J.A. Sedimentary evidence for deforming bed conditions associated with a grounded Irish Sea Glacier, southern Ireland. Journal of Quaternary Science 16 (2001) 435-454
    • (2001) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.16 , pp. 435-454
    • Ó Cofaigh, C.1    Evans, D.J.A.2
  • 77
    • 0025229556 scopus 로고
    • Constraints on the preservation of diamict facies (melt-out tills) at the margins of stagnant glaciers
    • Paul M.A., and Eyles N. Constraints on the preservation of diamict facies (melt-out tills) at the margins of stagnant glaciers. Quaternary Science Reviews 9 (1990) 51-69
    • (1990) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.9 , pp. 51-69
    • Paul, M.A.1    Eyles, N.2
  • 78
    • 0034507009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phillips, E.R., Auton, C.R., 2000. Micromorphological evidence for polyphase deformation of glaciolacustrine sediments from Strathspey, Scotland. In: Maltman, A.J., Hubbard, B., Hambrey, M.J. (Eds.), Deformation of Glacial Materials. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 176, 279-292.
  • 79
    • 0031392420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of sediment to ice sheet loading in northwestern Germany: effective stresses and glacier-bed stability
    • Piotrowski J.A., and Kraus A.M. Response of sediment to ice sheet loading in northwestern Germany: effective stresses and glacier-bed stability. Journal of Glaciology 43 (1997) 495-502
    • (1997) Journal of Glaciology , vol.43 , pp. 495-502
    • Piotrowski, J.A.1    Kraus, A.M.2
  • 81
    • 0042558971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reply to comments by G.S. Boulton, K.E. Dobbie, S. Zatsepin on: deforming soft beds under ice sheets: how extensive were they?
    • Piotrowski J.A., Mickelson D.M., Tulaczyk S., Krzyszowski D., and Junge F.W. Reply to comments by G.S. Boulton, K.E. Dobbie, S. Zatsepin on: deforming soft beds under ice sheets: how extensive were they?. Quaternary International 97-98 (2002) 173-177
    • (2002) Quaternary International , vol.97-98 , pp. 173-177
    • Piotrowski, J.A.1    Mickelson, D.M.2    Tulaczyk, S.3    Krzyszowski, D.4    Junge, F.W.5
  • 82
    • 33745807021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proudfoot, D.N., 1985. A lithostratigraphic and genetic study of Quaternary sediments in the vicinity of Medicine Hat, Alberta. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Alberta.
  • 84
    • 0023468829 scopus 로고
    • Anchor ice, seabed freezing, and sediment dynamics in shallow arctic seas
    • Reimnitz E., Kempema E.W., and Barnes P.W. Anchor ice, seabed freezing, and sediment dynamics in shallow arctic seas. Journal of Geophysical Research 92 (1987) 14,671-14,678
    • (1987) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.92
    • Reimnitz, E.1    Kempema, E.W.2    Barnes, P.W.3
  • 85
    • 9644299777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The deforming bed characteristics of a stratified till assemblage in north East Anglia, UK: investigating controls on sediment rheology and strain signatures
    • Roberts D.H., and Hart J.K. The deforming bed characteristics of a stratified till assemblage in north East Anglia, UK: investigating controls on sediment rheology and strain signatures. Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 123-140
    • (2005) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.24 , pp. 123-140
    • Roberts, D.H.1    Hart, J.K.2
  • 86
    • 33745868497 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of glaciation in central and southwestern Alberta
    • Rutherford R.L. Some aspects of glaciation in central and southwestern Alberta. Royal Society of Canada Transactions 35 4 (1941) 115-124
    • (1941) Royal Society of Canada Transactions , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 115-124
    • Rutherford, R.L.1
  • 87
    • 85058201774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comments on: "Paleohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event" by Clarke et al.
    • Sharpe D.R. Comments on: "Paleohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event" by Clarke et al. Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1529-1532
    • (2005) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.24 , pp. 1529-1532
    • Sharpe, D.R.1
  • 88
    • 0020335950 scopus 로고
    • Melt out till in the Edmonton area, Alberta, Canada
    • Shaw J. Melt out till in the Edmonton area, Alberta, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 19 (1982) 1548-1569
    • (1982) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.19 , pp. 1548-1569
    • Shaw, J.1
  • 89
    • 0020864644 scopus 로고
    • Drumlin formation related to inverted meltwater erosional marks
    • Shaw J. Drumlin formation related to inverted meltwater erosional marks. Journal of Glaciology 29 (1983) 461-479
    • (1983) Journal of Glaciology , vol.29 , pp. 461-479
    • Shaw, J.1
  • 90
    • 0021074419 scopus 로고
    • Forms associated with boulders in melt-out till
    • Evenson E.B., Schluchter C., and Rabassa J. (Eds), Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Shaw J. Forms associated with boulders in melt-out till. In: Evenson E.B., Schluchter C., and Rabassa J. (Eds). Tills and Related Deposits (1983), Balkema, Rotterdam 3-12
    • (1983) Tills and Related Deposits , pp. 3-12
    • Shaw, J.1
  • 91
    • 0002916622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meltwater model for Laurentide subglacial landscapes
    • McCann S.B., and Ford D.C. (Eds), Wiley, Chichester
    • Shaw J. A meltwater model for Laurentide subglacial landscapes. In: McCann S.B., and Ford D.C. (Eds). Geomorphology sans Frontiers (1996), Wiley, Chichester 182-226
    • (1996) Geomorphology sans Frontiers , pp. 182-226
    • Shaw, J.1
  • 92
    • 0036229155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The meltwater hypothesis for subglacial bedforms
    • Shaw J. The meltwater hypothesis for subglacial bedforms. Quaternary International 90 (2002) 5-22
    • (2002) Quaternary International , vol.90 , pp. 5-22
    • Shaw, J.1
  • 93
    • 84879882676 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for large scale subglacial meltwater flood events in southern Ontario and northern New York State
    • Shaw J., and Gilbert R. Evidence for large scale subglacial meltwater flood events in southern Ontario and northern New York State. Geology 18 (1990) 1169-1172
    • (1990) Geology , vol.18 , pp. 1169-1172
    • Shaw, J.1    Gilbert, R.2
  • 94
    • 33646807867 scopus 로고
    • A glaciofluvial origin for drumlins of the Livingstone Lake area, Saskatchewan
    • Shaw J., and Kvill D. A glaciofluvial origin for drumlins of the Livingstone Lake area, Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 12 (1984) 1426-1440
    • (1984) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.12 , pp. 1426-1440
    • Shaw, J.1    Kvill, D.2
  • 95
    • 0024569617 scopus 로고
    • Drumlins and catastrophic subglacial floods
    • Shaw J., Kvill D., and Rains R.B. Drumlins and catastrophic subglacial floods. Sedimentary Geology 62 (1989) 177-202
    • (1989) Sedimentary Geology , vol.62 , pp. 177-202
    • Shaw, J.1    Kvill, D.2    Rains, R.B.3
  • 96
    • 0030404947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laurentide subglacial outburst floods: landform evidence from digital elevation models
    • Shaw J., Rains R.B., Eyton J.R., and Weissling L. Laurentide subglacial outburst floods: landform evidence from digital elevation models. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33 (1996) 1154-1168
    • (1996) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.33 , pp. 1154-1168
    • Shaw, J.1    Rains, R.B.2    Eyton, J.R.3    Weissling, L.4
  • 97
    • 0034045856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Athabasca fluting field, Alberta, Canada: implications for the formation of large scale fluting (erosional lineations)
    • Shaw J., Faragini D., Kvill D.R., and Rains R.B. The Athabasca fluting field, Alberta, Canada: implications for the formation of large scale fluting (erosional lineations). Quaternary Science Reviews 19 (2000) 959-980
    • (2000) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.19 , pp. 959-980
    • Shaw, J.1    Faragini, D.2    Kvill, D.R.3    Rains, R.B.4
  • 98
    • 0021644801 scopus 로고
    • Application of till pebble lithology to the differentiation of glacial lobes in southern Alberta
    • Shetsen I. Application of till pebble lithology to the differentiation of glacial lobes in southern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 21 (1984) 920-933
    • (1984) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.21 , pp. 920-933
    • Shetsen, I.1
  • 99
    • 33745836281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shetsen, I., 1987. Quaternary Geology, Southern Alberta. Alberta Research Council Map, scale 1:500,000.
  • 100
    • 33745816859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shetsen, I., 1990. Quaternary Geology, Central Alberta. Alberta Research Council Map, scale 1:500,000.
  • 101
    • 0029539041 scopus 로고
    • Glaciofluvial erosional morphology and sediments of the Coronation-Spondin scabland, east-central Alberta
    • Sjogren D.B., and Rains R.B. Glaciofluvial erosional morphology and sediments of the Coronation-Spondin scabland, east-central Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32 (1995) 565-578
    • (1995) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.32 , pp. 565-578
    • Sjogren, D.B.1    Rains, R.B.2
  • 102
    • 0034488319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diamictic sediments within high arctic lake sediment cores: evidence for lake ice rafting along the lateral glacial margin
    • Smith I.R. Diamictic sediments within high arctic lake sediment cores: evidence for lake ice rafting along the lateral glacial margin. Sedimentology 47 (2000) 1157-1179
    • (2000) Sedimentology , vol.47 , pp. 1157-1179
    • Smith, I.R.1
  • 103
    • 0025925647 scopus 로고
    • Lake Hoare, Antarctica: sedimentation through a thick perennial ice cover
    • Squyres S.W., Andersen D.W., Nedell S.S., and Wharton Jr. R.A. Lake Hoare, Antarctica: sedimentation through a thick perennial ice cover. Sedimentology 38 (1991) 363-379
    • (1991) Sedimentology , vol.38 , pp. 363-379
    • Squyres, S.W.1    Andersen, D.W.2    Nedell, S.S.3    Wharton Jr., R.A.4
  • 104
    • 33745844183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stalker A. MacS., 1957. Surficial Geology, High River, Alberta. Geological Survey of Canada Map 14-1957.
  • 105
    • 33745848970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stalker A. MacS., 1960. Surficial geology of the Red Deer-Stettler map area. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 306, 140pp.
  • 106
    • 33745806347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stalker A. MacS., 1961. Buried valleys in central and southern Alberta. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 60-32.
  • 107
    • 0001028247 scopus 로고
    • Identification of Saskatchewan gravels and sands
    • Stalker A.MacS. Identification of Saskatchewan gravels and sands. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 5 (1968) 155-163
    • (1968) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.5 , pp. 155-163
    • Stalker, A.MacS.1
  • 108
    • 0014617997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stalker A. MacS., 1969. Quaternary stratigraphy in southern Alberta: Report II: Sections near Medicine Hat, Alberta. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 69-26, 28pp.
  • 109
    • 0002827977 scopus 로고
    • Quaternary stratigraphy of the southwestern Canadian prairies
    • Mahaney W.C. (Ed), Dowden, Hutchison & Ross, Stroudsburg
    • Stalker A.MacS. Quaternary stratigraphy of the southwestern Canadian prairies. In: Mahaney W.C. (Ed). Quaternary Stratigraphy of North America (1976), Dowden, Hutchison & Ross, Stroudsburg 381-407
    • (1976) Quaternary Stratigraphy of North America , pp. 381-407
    • Stalker, A.MacS.1
  • 110
    • 0017556714 scopus 로고
    • The probable extent of classical Wisconsin ice in southern and central Alberta
    • Stalker A.MacS. The probable extent of classical Wisconsin ice in southern and central Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 14 (1977) 2614-2619
    • (1977) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.14 , pp. 2614-2619
    • Stalker, A.MacS.1
  • 111
    • 33745853963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stalker A. MacS., 1983. Quaternary stratigraphy in southern Alberta: Report III: The Cameron Ranch Section. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 83-10, 20pp.
  • 112
    • 0033757682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacier motion dominated by processes deep in underlying till
    • Truffer M., Harrison W.D., and Echelmeyer K.A. Glacier motion dominated by processes deep in underlying till. Journal of Glaciology 46 (2000) 213-221
    • (2000) Journal of Glaciology , vol.46 , pp. 213-221
    • Truffer, M.1    Harrison, W.D.2    Echelmeyer, K.A.3
  • 113
    • 0000279285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sedimentary processes at the base of a West Antarctic ice stream: constraints from textural and compositional properties of subglacial debris
    • Tulaczyk S., Kamb B., Scherer R.P., and Engelhardt H.F. Sedimentary processes at the base of a West Antarctic ice stream: constraints from textural and compositional properties of subglacial debris. Journal of Sedimentary Research 68 (1998) 487-496
    • (1998) Journal of Sedimentary Research , vol.68 , pp. 487-496
    • Tulaczyk, S.1    Kamb, B.2    Scherer, R.P.3    Engelhardt, H.F.4
  • 115
  • 116
    • 0035657779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A ploughing model for the origin of weak tills beneath ice streams: a qualitative treatment
    • Tulaczyk S.M., Scherer R.P., and Clark C.D. A ploughing model for the origin of weak tills beneath ice streams: a qualitative treatment. Quaternary International 86 (2001) 59-70
    • (2001) Quaternary International , vol.86 , pp. 59-70
    • Tulaczyk, S.M.1    Scherer, R.P.2    Clark, C.D.3
  • 117
    • 0027794341 scopus 로고
    • Microscopic evidence of subglacial deformation
    • van der Meer J.J.M. Microscopic evidence of subglacial deformation. Quaternary Science Reviews 12 (1993) 553-587
    • (1993) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.12 , pp. 553-587
    • van der Meer, J.J.M.1
  • 119
    • 0031444360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subglacial processes revealed by the microscope: particle and aggregate mobility in till
    • van der Meer J.J.M. Subglacial processes revealed by the microscope: particle and aggregate mobility in till. Quaternary Science Reviews 16 (1997) 827-831
    • (1997) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.16 , pp. 827-831
    • van der Meer, J.J.M.1
  • 120
    • 0034510971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • van der Wateren, F.M., Kluiving, S.J., Bartek, L.R., 2000. Kinematic indicators of subglacial shearing. In: Maltman, A.J., Hubbard, B., Hambrey, M.J. (Eds.), Deformation of Glacial Materials. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 176, pp. 259-278.
  • 121
    • 0038450503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A laboratory simulation of the subglacial deforming bed (the deformation tank)
    • Watts R.J., and Carr S.J. A laboratory simulation of the subglacial deforming bed (the deformation tank). Quaternary Newsletter 98 (2002) 1-9
    • (2002) Quaternary Newsletter , vol.98 , pp. 1-9
    • Watts, R.J.1    Carr, S.J.2
  • 122
    • 84879890931 scopus 로고
    • A single, Late Wisconsinan Laurentide glaciation, Edmonton area and southwestern Alberta
    • Young R.R., Burns J.A., Smith D.G., Arnold L.D., and Rains R.B. A single, Late Wisconsinan Laurentide glaciation, Edmonton area and southwestern Alberta. Geology 22 (1994) 683-686
    • (1994) Geology , vol.22 , pp. 683-686
    • Young, R.R.1    Burns, J.A.2    Smith, D.G.3    Arnold, L.D.4    Rains, R.B.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.