Hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, and reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 30-45

  Becker, Kyra ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIAZOXIDE; ENALAPRILAT; FENOLDOPAM; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; HYDRALAZINE; NICARDIPINE; NITROPRUSSIDE SODIUM;

ACUTE HEART FAILURE; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRADYCARDIA; CASE REPORT; CONSTIPATION; CYANIDE POISONING; DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH ROUTE; ECLAMPSIA; FEMALE; GLAUCOMA; HEADACHE; HEART BLOCK; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION ENCEPHALOPATHY; HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS; HYPOGLYCEMIA; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; MALE; MYDRIASIS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHLEBITIS; SODIUM RETENTION; TACHYCARDIA; UREMIA; URINE RETENTION;

EID: 33745683840     PISSN: 10802371     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1212/01.CON.0000290436.03194.34     Document Type: Article

References (33)

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24. Saigal G, Bhatia R, Bhatia S, Wakhloo AK. MR findings of cortical blindness following cerebral angiography: is this entity related to posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2004;25:252-256. One of several manuscripts extending the spectrum of clinical conditions associated with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy.
25. Sanders TG, Clayman DA, Sanchez-Ramos L, et al. Brain in eclampsia: MR imaging with clinical correlation. Radiology 1991;180:475-478. This paper extends the radiologic findings in patients with hypertensive encephalopathy to those with eclampsia.
26. Schaefer PW, Buonanno FS, Gonzalez RG, Schwamm LH. Diffusion-weighted imaging discriminates between cytotoxic and vasogenic edema in a patient with eclampsia. Stroke 1997;28:1082-1085. Similar to the papers that addressed the appearance of hypertensive encephalopathy on different magnetic resonance imaging sequences, this paper looks at the central nervous system appearance on different magnetic resonance imaging sequences in eclampsia.
27. Schwartz RB, Jones KM, Kalina P, et al. Hypertensive encephalopathy: findings on CT, MR imaging, and SPECT imaging in 14 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1992;159:379-383. This paper incorporates single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging in the evaluation of hypertensive encephalopathy; SPECT shows that patients with hypertensive encephalopathy have a relative increase in cerebral blood flow in the regions affected.
28. Schwartz RB, Mulkern RV, Gudbjartsson H, Jolesz F. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in hypertensive encephalopathy: clues to pathogenesis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:859-862. Another radiologic assessment of hypertensive encephalopathy.
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30. Trommer BL, Homer D, Mikhael MA. Cerebral vasospasm and eclampsia. Stroke 1988;19:326-329. A unique report documenting cerebral vasospasm in a patient with hypertensive encephalopathy.
31. Weingarten K, Barbut D, Filippi C, Zimmerman RD. Acute hypertensive encephalopathy: Findings on spin-echo and gradient-echo MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1994;162:665-670. Another radiologic assessment of hypertensive encephalopathy.
32. Zampaglione B, Pascale C, Marchisio M, Cavallo-Perin P. Hypertensive urgencies and emergencies. Prevalence and clinical presentation. Hypertension 1996;27:144-147. A nice study that looks at how patients with hypertensive urgencies and emergencies present to medical attention.
33. Zunker P, Ley-Pozo J, Louwen F, et al. Cerebral hemodynamics in pre-eclampsia/eclampsia syndrome. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1995;6:411-415. A study that attempts to address the pathophysiology of eclampsia using transcranial Doppler; the findings suggest that patients have forced vasodilatation of the blood vessels, not vasospasm.