Executive dysfunction in substance dependent individuals during drug use and abstinence: An examination of the behavioral, cognitive and emotional correlates of addiction

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 405-415

  Verdejo García, Antonio ^a   Bechara, Antoine ^b,c   Recknor, Emily C ^c   Pérez García, Miguel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

Author keywords

Anterior cingulate circuit; Apathy; Disinhibition; Dorsolateral prefrontal circuit; Executive dysfunction; Orbitofrontal prefrontal circuit

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; CANNABIS; COCAINE; DIAMORPHINE; METHAMPHETAMINE;

ABSTINENCE; ADULT; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; BRAIN FUNCTION; CINGULATE GYRUS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG DEPENDENCE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EMOTIONAL STABILITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; MALE; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; MENTAL TASK; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RATING SCALE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; TASK PERFORMANCE; WORKING MEMORY;

EID: 33745643139     PISSN: 13556177     EISSN: 14697661     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1355617706060486     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Adams, K.M., Brown, G.G., & Grant, I. (1985). Analysis of covariance as a remedy for mismatch of research subject groups: Some sobering simulations. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 7, 445-462.
2. Aguilar de Arcos, F., Verdejo-García, A., Peralta, M.I., Sánchez-Barrera, M., & Pérez-García, M. (2005). Experience of emotions in substance abusers exposed to images containing neutral, positive, and negative affective images. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 78, 159-167.
3. Bechara, A. (2005). Decision-making, impulse control and loss of willpower to resist drugs: A neurocognitive perspective. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 1458-1463.
4. Bechara, A. & Martin, E.M. (2004). Impaired decision making related to working memory deficits in individuals with substance addictions. Neuropsychology, 18, 152-162.
5. Bechara, A., Damasio, H., & Damasio, A.R. (2000). Emotion, decision-making and the orbitofrontal cortex. Cerebral Cortex, 10, 295-307.
6. Bechara, A., Dolan, S., Denburg, N., Hindes, A., Anderson, S.W., & Nathan, P.E. (2001). Decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in alcohol and stimulant abusers. Neuropsychologia, 39, 376-389.
7. Bolla, K.I., Eldreth, D.A., London, E.D., Kiehl, K.A., Mouraditis, M., Contoreggi, C., Matochik, J.A., Kurian, V., Cadet, J-L., Kimes, A.S., Fundeburk, F.R., & Ernst, M. (2003). Orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in abstinent cocaine abusers performing a decision-making task. Neuroimage, 19, 1085-1094.
8. Bolla, K.I., Ernst, M., Kiehl, K.A., Mouratidis, M., Eldreth, D.A., Contoreggi, C., Matochik, J.A., Kurian, V., Cadet, J-L., Kimes, A., Fundeburk, F., & London, E. (2004). Prefrontal cortical dysfunction in abstinent cocaine abusers. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 16, 456-464.
9. Bolla, K.I., Funderburk, F.R., & Cadet, J.L. (2000). Differential effects of cocaine and cocaine+alcohol on neurocognitive performance. Neurology, 54, 2285-2292.
10. Castellon, S.A., Hinkin, C.H., & Myers, H.C. (2000). Neuropsychiatric disturbance is associated with executive dysfunction in HIV-1 infection. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 6, 336-347.
11. Clark, L., Cools, R., & Robbins, T.W. (2004). The neuropsychology of ventral prefrontal cortex: Decision-making and reversal learning. Brain and Cognition, 55, 41-53.
12. Cummings, J.L. (1993). Frontal-subcortical circuits and human behavior. Annals of Neurology, 50, 873-880.
13. Davidson, R.J. (2002). Anxiety and affective style: Role of prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Biological Psychiatry, 51, 68-80.
14. Di Sclafani, V., Tolou-Shams, M., Price, L.J., & Fein, G. (2002). Neuropsychological performance of individuals dependent on crack-cocaine, or crack-cocaine and alcohol, at 6 weeks and 6 months of abstinence. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 66, 161-171.
15. Errico, A.L., King, A.C., Lovallo, W.R., & Parsons, O.A. (2002). Cortisol dysregulation and cognitive impairment in abstinent male alcoholics. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 26, 1198-1204.
16. Ersche, K.D., Fletcher, P.C., Lewis, S.J.G., Clark, L., Stocks-Gee, G., & London, M. (2005). Abnormal frontal activations related to decision-making in current and former amphetamine- and opiate-dependent individuals. Psychopharmacology, 180, 612-623.
17. Fein, G., Klein, L., & Finn, P. (2004). Impairment on a simulated gambling task in long-term alcoholics. Alcohol Clinical and Experimental Research, 24, 1487-1491.
18. Fillmore, M.T. & Rush, C.R. (2002). Impaired inhibitory control of behavior in chronic cocaine users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 66, 265-273.
19. Fillmore, M.T. & Weafer, J. (2004). Alcohol impairment of behavior in men and women. Addiction, 99, 1237-1246.
20. Fillmore, M.T., Rush, C.R., & Hays, L. (2002). Acute effects of oral cocaine on inhibitory control of behavior in humans. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 67, 157-167.
21. Finn, P.R., Justus, A., Mazas, C., & Steimetz, J.E. (1999). Working memory, executive processes and the effects of alcohol on Go/No-Go learning: Testing a model of behavioral regulation and impulsivity. Psychopharmacology, 146, 465-472.
22. Fishbein, D.H., Eldreth, D., Hyde, C., Matchik, J.A., London, E.D., Contoreggi, C., Kurian, V., Kimes, A.S., Breeden, A., & Grant, S. (2005). Risky decision making and the anterior cingulate in abstinent drug abusers and nonusers. Cognitive Brain Research, 23, 119-136.
23. Franklin, T.R., Acton, P.D., Maldjian, J.A., Gray, J.D., Croft, J.R., Dackis, C.A., O'Brien, C.P., & Childress, A.R. (2002). Decreased gray matter concentration in the insular, orbitofrontal, cingulate, and temporal cortices of cocaine patients. Biological Psychiatry, 51, 134-142.
24. Garavan, H. & Stout, J.C. (2005). Neurocognitive insights into substance abuse. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 195-201.
25. Garavan, H., Pankiewicz, J., Bloom, A., Cho, J-K., Sperry, L., & Ross, T.J. (2000). Cue-induced cocaine craving: Neuroanatomical specificity for drug users and drug stimuli. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1789-1798.
26. Garavan, H., Ross, T.J., Murphy, K., Roche, R.A.P., & Stein, E.A. (2002). Dissociable executive functions in the dynamic control of behavior: Inhibition, error detection, and correction. Neuroimage, 27, 1820-1829.
27. Gerra, G., Baldaro, B., Zaimovic, A., Moi, G., Bussandri, M., Raggi, M.A., & Bambrilla, F. (2003). Neuroendocrine responses to experimentally-induced emotions among abstinent opioid-dependent subjects. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 71, 25-35.
28. Gerra, G., Zaimovic, A., Ferri, M., Zambelli, U., Timpano, M., Neri, E., Marzocchi, G.F., Delsignore, R., & Bambrilla, F. (2000). Long-lasting effects of 3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine (ecstasy) on serotonin system function in humans. Biological Psychiatry, 47, 127-136.
29. Gonzalez, R., Rippeth, J.D., Carey, C.L., Heaton, R.K., Moore, D.J., Schweinsburg, B.C., Cherner, M., & Grant, I. (2004). Neurocognitive performance of methamphetamine users discordant for history of marijuana exposure. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 76, 181-190.
30. Grace, J. & Malloy, P.F. (2001). Frontal Systems Behavioral Scale (FrSBe): Professional manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
31. Graham, K. (2004). Disinhibition, impulse control, arousal and gender: Understanding the mechanisms of alcohol's effects on aggression. Addiction, 99, 1247-1254.
32. Graham, K., West, P., & Wells, S. (2000). Evaluating theories of alcohol-related aggression using observation of young adults in bars. Addiction, 95, 847-863.
33. Grant, S., Contoreggi, C., & London, E.D. (2000). Drug abusers show impaired performance in a laboratory test of decision-making. Neuropsychologia, 38, 1180-1187.
34. Hoshi, R., Bisla, J., & Curran, H.V. (2004). The acute and sub-acute effects of 'ecstasy' (MDMA) on processing of facial expressions: Preliminary findings. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 76, 297-304.
35. Kalechstein, A.D., Newton, T.F., & Leavengood, A.H. (2002). Apathy syndrome in cocaine dependence. Psychiatry Research, 109, 97-100.
36. Klüber, A., Murphy, K., & Garavan, H. (2005). Cocaine dependence and attention switching within and between verbal and visuospatial working memory. European Journal of Neuroscience, 21, 1984-1992.
37. Lang, P.J., Bradley, M.M., & Cuthbert, B.N. (2001). International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Technical manual and affective ratings. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL: The Center for Research in Psychophysiology.
38. Lim, K.O., Choi, S.J., Pomara, N., Wolkin, A., & Rotrosen, J.P. (2002). Reduced frontal white matter integrity in cocaine dependence: A controlled diffusion tensor imaging study. Biological Psychiatry, 51, 890-895.
39. Martin, E.M., Pitrak, D.L., Rains, N.A., Grbesic, S., Pursell, K., Nunnally, G., & Bechara, A. (2003). Delayed nonmatch to sample performance in HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative poly-drug abusers. Neuropsychology, 17, 283-288.
40. Matochik, J.A., London, E.D., Eldreth, D.A., Cadet, J-L., & Bolla, K.I. (2003). Frontal cortical tissue composition in abstinent cocaine abusers: A magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroimage, 19, 1095-1102.
41. Mintzer, M.Z. & Stitzer, M.L. (2002). Cognitive impairment in methadone maintenance patients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 67, 41-51.
42. Monterosso, J.R., Aron, A.R., Cordova, X., Xu, J., & London, E.D. (2005). Deficits in response inhibition associated with chronic methamphetamine abuse. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 79, 273-277.
43. Ornstein, T.J., Iddon, J.L., Baldacchino, A.M., Sahakian, B.J., London, M., Everitt, B.J., & Robbins, T.W. (2000). Profiles of cognitive dysfunction in chronic amphetamine and heroin abusers. Neuropsychopharmacology, 23, 113-126.
44. Roberts, A.C., Robbins, T.W., & Weiskrantz, L. (1998). The prefrontal cortex: Executive and cognitive functions. New York: Oxford University Press.
45. Robinson, T.E. & Kolb, B. (2004). Structural plasticity associated with exposure to drugs of abuse. Neuropsychopharmacology, 47, 33-46.
46. Rogers, R.D. & Robbins, T.W. (2001). Investigating the neurocognitive deficits associated with chronic drug misuse. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 11, 250-257.
47. Rolls, E.T. (2004). The functions of the orbitofrontal cortex. Brain and Cognition, 55, 11-29.
48. Selby, M.J. & Azrin, R.L. (1998). Neuropsychological functioning in drug abusers. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 50, 39-45.
49. Spinella, M. (2003). Relationship between drug use and prefrontal-associated traits. Addiction Biology, 8, 67-74.
50. Stout, J.C., Busemeyer, J.R., Lin, A., Grant, S.J., & Bonson, K.R. (2004). Cognitive modeling analysis of decision-making processes in cocaine abusers. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4, 742-747.
51. Stout, J.C., Ready, R.E., Grace, J., Malloy, P.F., & Paulsen, J.S. (2003). Factor analysis of the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe). Assessment, 10, 79-85.
52. Stuss, D.T. & Knight, R.T. (2002). Principles of frontal lobe function. New York: Oxford University Press.
53. Tekin, S. & Cummings, J.L. (2002). Frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits and clinical neuropsychiatry: An update. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53, 647-654.
54. Townshend, J.M. & Duka, T. (2003). Mixed emotions: Alcoholics' impairment in the recognition of specific facial expressions. Neuropsychologia, 41, 773-782.
55. Velligan, D.I., Ritch, J.L., Sui, D., DiCocco, M., & Huntzinger, C.D. (2002). Frontal Systems Behavior Scale in schizophrenia: Relationship with psychiatric symptomatology, cognition and adaptive function. Psychiatry Research, 113, 227-236.
56. Verdejo-García, A., López-Torrecillas, F., Orozco, C., & Pérez-García, M. (2004). Clinical implications and methodological challenges in the study of the neuropsychological correlates of cannabis, stimulant and opioid abuse. Neuropsychology Review, 14, 1-41.
57. Wang, G-J., Volkow, N.D., Chang, L., Miller, E., Sedler, M., Hitzemann, R., Zhu, W., Logan, J., Ma, Y., & Fowler, J.S. (2004). Partial recovery of brain metabolism in methamphetamine abusers after protracted abstinence. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 242-248.
58. Whitlow, C.T., Liguori, A., Livengood, L.B., Hart, S.L., Mussat-Whitlow, B.J., & Lamborn, C.M. (2004). Long-term heavy marijuana users make costly decisions on a gambling task. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 76, 107-111.