Facies architecture of flexual margin lowstand delta deposits in Lake Edward, East African rift: Constraints from seismic reflection imaging

Journal of Sedimentary Research

Volumn 76, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 942-958

  McGlue, Michael M ^a   Scholz, Christopher A ^a   Karp, Tobias ^a   Ongodia, Bernard ^b   Lezzar, Kiram E ^a,c  

^a SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Petroleum Exploration and Production Department   (Uganda)

^c University of Arizona   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEPOSITS; GEOLOGIC MODELS; LANDFORMS; SEDIMENTATION; SEDIMENTS; SEISMIC WAVES; SEISMOLOGY; STRATIGRAPHY;

DELTAIC SEDIMENTATION; DEPOSITIONAL SEQUENCES; LAKE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS; SEISMIC REFLECTION DATA; SEISMIC REFLECTION IMAGING; STRATIGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT; STRATIGRAPHIC INTERVALS; STRATIGRAPHIC RECORDS;

LAKES;

DELTAIC DEPOSIT; DEPOSITIONAL SEQUENCE; FACIES; GEOMORPHOLOGY; IMAGING METHOD; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SEISMIC REFLECTION;

AFRICA; EAST AFRICAN LAKES; LAKE EDWARD; LAKE GEORGE; NEW YORK [UNITED STATES]; NORTH AMERICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 33745620725     PISSN: 15271404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2110/jsr.2006.068     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Beadle, L.C., 1981, The Inland Waters of Tropical Africa: An Introduction to Tropical Limnology: London, Longman, 475 p.
2. Beuning, K., Talbot, M.R., and Kelts, K., 1997, A revised 30,000-year paleoclimate and paleohydrologic history of Lake Albert, East Africa: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 136, p. 259-279.
3. Beuning, K., and Russell, J.M., 2004, Vegetation and sedimentation in the Lake Edward Basin, Uganda-Congo during the Late Pleistocene and early Holocene: Journal of Palaeolimnology, v. 32, p. 1-18.
4. Bishop, W.W., 1969, Pleistocene Stratigraphy of Uganda: Geological Survey of Uganda, Memoir X, 128 p.
5. Bishop, W., and Trendall, A., 1967, Erosion surfaces, tectonics, and volcanic activity in Uganda: Geological Society of London, Quarterly Journal, v. 122, p. 385-420.
6. Boven, A., Pasteels, P., Punzalan, L.E., Yamba, T.K., and Musisi, J.H., 1998, Quaternary perpotassic magmatism in Uganda (Toro-Ankole Volcanic Province): age assessment and significance for magmatic evolution along the East African Rift: Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 26, p. 463-476.
7. Burbank, D.W., and Anderson, R.S., 2000, Tectonic Geomorphology: Oxford, U.K., Blackwell Science, 274 p.
8. Cohen, A.S., 1990, Tectono-stratigraphic model for sedimentation in Lake Tanganyika, Africa, in Katz, B., ed., Lacustrine Basin Exploration - Case Studies and Modern Analogues: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 50, p. 137-150.
9. Cohen, A., and Thouin, C., 1987, Near shore carbonate deposits in Lake Tanganyika: Geology, v. 15, p. 414-418.
10. Cohen, A.S., Lezzar, K.E., Tiercelin, J.J., and Soreghan, M., 1997, New paleogeographic and lake level reconstructions of Lake Tanganyika: implications for tectonic, climatic and biological evolution in a rift lake: Basin Research, v. 9, p. 107-132.
11. Colman, S.M., Karabanov, E.B., and Nelson, C.H., 2003, Quaternary depositional patterns and environments in Lake Baikal from high-resolution seismic stratigraphy and coring: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 73, p. 941-956.
12. Damuth, J.E., 1980, Use of high-frequency (3.5-12 kHz) echograms in the study of near bottom sedimentation processes in the deep sea: a review: Marine Geology, v. 38, p. 51-75.
13. De Batist, M., Van Rensbergen, P., Back, S., and Klerkx, J., 1996, Structural framework, sequence stratigraphy and lake level variations in Livingstone Basin (northern Lake Malawi): First results of a high-resolution reflection seismic study, in Johnson, T., and Odada, E., eds., The Limnology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes: Amsterdam, Gordon & Breach, p. 509-521.
14. De Heinzelin, J., and Verniers, J., 1996, Realm of the Upper Semliki (Eastern Zaïre). An Essay on Historical Geology: Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale-Tervuren, Annales, Sciences Géologiques, v. 102, p. 1-83.
15. Department of Geological Survey and Mines of Uganda, 1966, Regional Geologic Map of Uganda: 1 p.
16. Ebinger, C.J., 1989, Tectonic development of the western branch of the East African Rift System: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 101, p. 885-903.
17. Frostick, L., and Reid, I., 1989, Is structure the main control on river drainage and sedimentation in rifts?: Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 8, p. 165-182.
18. Gasse, F., Ledee, V., Masault, M., and Fontes, J.C., 1989, Water level fluctuations of Lake Tanganyika in phase with oceanic changes during the last glaciation and deglaciation: Nature, v. 342, p. 57-59.
19. Harris, N.B., Sorriaux, P., and Toomey, D.F., 1994, Geology of the Lower Cretaceous Viodo Carbonate: A lacustrine carbonate in the South Atlantic rift, in Lomando, A.J., Schreiber, B.C., and Harris, P.M., eds., Lacustrine Reservoirs and Depositional Systems: SEPM, Core Workshop 19, p. 143-172.
20. Hecky, R.E., and Degens, E.T., 1973, Late Pleistocene-Holocene chemical stratigraphy and paleolimnology of the Rift Valley lakes of Central Africa: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Technical Report, v. 73-28, p. 1-93.
21. Johnson, T.C., Scholz, C.A., Talbot, M.R., Kelts, K., Ricketts, R.D., Ngobi, G., Buening, K., Ssemmanda, I., and McGill, J.W., 1996, Late Pleistocene desiccation of Lake Victoria and rapid evolution of cichlid fishes: Science, v. 273, p. 1091-1093.
22. Johnson, T.C., Brown, E.T., McManus, J., Barry, S., Barker, P., and Gasse, F., 2002, A high-resolution paleoclimate record spanning the past 25,000 years in southern East Africa: Science, v. 295, p. 113-114, 131-132.
23. Kendall, R.L., 1969, An ecological history of the Lake Victoria basin: Ecological Monographs, v. 39, p. 121-176.
24. Laerdal, T., and Talbot, M.R., 2002, Basin Neotectonics of Lakes Edward and George, East African Rift: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 187, p. 213-232.
25. Laerdal, T., Talbot, M.R., and Russell, J.M., 2002, Late Quaternary Sedimentation and climate in the Lake Edward and George area, Uganda-Congo, in Odada, E.O., and Olago, D.O., eds., The East African Great Lakes: Limnology, Palaeolimnology and Biodiversity: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 429-470.
26. Lehman, J., 2002, Application of satellite AVHRR to water balance, mixing dynamics, and the chemistry of Lake Edward, East Africa, in Odada, E.O., and Olago, D.O., eds., The East African Great Lakes: Limnology, Palaeolimnology and Biodiversity: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 235-260.
27. Lezzar, K.E., Tiercelin, J.-J., De Batist, M., Cohen, A.S., Bandora, T., Van Rensbergen, P., Le Turdu, C., Wafula, M., and Klerkx, J., 1996, New seismic stratigraphy and Late Tertiary history of the North Tanganyika Basin, East African Rift system, deduced from multifold reflection and high resolution seismic data and piston core evidence: Basin Research, v. 8, p. 1-28.
28. Meyer, A., Montero, C.M., and Spreinat, A., 1996, Molecular phylogenetic inferences about the evolutionary history of East African cichlid fish radiations, in Johnson, T.C., and Odada, E.O., eds., The Limnology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes: Amsterdam, Gordon & Breach, p. 303-323.
29. Milliman, J.D., and Syvitski, P.M., 1992, Geomorphic/tectonic control of sediment discharge to the ocean: The importance of small mountainous rivers: Journal of Geology, v. 100, p. 525-544.
30. Mullins, H.T., and Halfman, J.D., 2001, High-resolution seismic reflection evidence for middle Holocene environmental change, Owasco Lake, New York: Quaternary Research, v. 55, p. 322-331.
31. Nicholson, S.E., 1996, A review of climate dynamics and climate variability in Eastern Africa, in Johnson, T.C., and Odada, E.O., eds., The Limnology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes: Amsterdam, Gordon & Breach, p. 25-56.
32. Nyblade, A.A., and Brazier, R.A., 2002, Precambrian lithospheric controls on the development of the East African rift system: Geology, v. 30, p. 755-758.
33. Ollier, C.D., 1990, Morphotectonics of the Lake Albert rift valley and its significance to continental margins: Journal of Geodynamics, v. 11, p. 343-355.
34. Owen, R.B., Renaut, R.W., and Williams, T.W., 1996, Characteristics and origins of laminated ferromanganese nodules from Lake Malawi, Central Africa, in Johnson, T.C., and Odada, E.O., eds., The Limnology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes: Amsterdam, Gordon & Breach, p. 461-474.
35. Posamentier, H.W., and Vail, P.R., 1988, Eustatic controls on clastic deposition II - sequence and system tract models, in Wilgus, C.K., Hastings, B.S., Kendall, C.G. St.C., Posamentier, H.W., Ross, C.A., and Van Wagoner, J.C., eds., Sea Level Changes: An Integrated Approach: SEPM, Special Publication 42, p. 125-154.
36. Rosendahl, B.R., 1987, Architecture of continental rifts with special reference to East Africa: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 15, p. 445-503.
37. Rosendahl, B.R., Reynolds, D.J., Lorber, P.M., Burgess, C.F., McGill, J., Scott, D., Lambiase, J.J., and Derksen, S.J., 1986, Structural expressions of rifting: Lessons from Lake Tanganyika, in Frostick, L.E., Renaut, R.W., Reid, I., and Tiercelin, J.J., eds., Sedimentation in the African Rifts: Geological Society of London, Special Publication 25, p. 29-44.
38. Russell, J.M., Johnson, T.C., Kelts, K., Laerdal, T., and Talbot, M.R., 2003a, An 11000-year lithostratigraphic and paleohydrologic record from Equatorial Africa: Lake Edward, Uganda-Congo: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 193, p. 25-49.
39. Russell, J.M., Johnson, T.C., and Talbot, M.R., 2003b, A 725 yr cycle in the climate of central Africa during the Late Holocene: Geology, v. 31, p. 677-680.
40. Said, R., 1993, The River Nile: Oxford, U.K., Pergamon, 320 p.
41. Scholz, C.A., King, J.W., Ellis, G.S., Swart, P.K., Stager, J.C., and Colman, S.M., 2003, Paleolimnology of Lake Tanganyika, East Africa, over the past 100 kyr: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 30, p. 139-150.
42. Scholz, C.A., 1995, Deltas of the Lake Malawi Rift, East Africa: Seismic expression and exploration implications: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 79, p. 1679-1697.
43. Scholz, C.A., and Rosendahl, B.R., 1988, Low lake stands in Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika, East Africa, delineated with multifold seismic data: Science, v. 240, p. 1645-1648.
44. Scholz, C.A., Johnson, T.C., Cattaneo, P., Malinga, H., and Shana, S., 1998, Initial Results of 1995 IDEAL Seismic Reflection Survey of Lake Victoria, Uganda and Tanzania, in Lehman, J.T., ed., Environmental Change and Response in East African Lakes: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Press, p. 47-57.
45. Schlische, R.W., and Olsen, P.E., 1990, Quantitative filling model for continental extensional basins with application to early Mesozoic rifts of Eastern North America: Journal of Geology, v, 98, p. 135-154.
46. Schubel, J.R., and Schiemer, E.W., 1973, The cause of the acoustically impenetrable or turbid character of Chesapeake Bay sediments: Marine Researches, v. 2, p. 61-71.
47. Soreghan, M.J., Scholz, C.A., and Wells, J.T., 1999, Coarse-grained deep-water sedimentation along a border fault margin of Lake Malawi, Africa: seismic stratigraphic analysis: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 69, p. 832-846.
48. Stager, C., Mayewski, P., and Meeker, D., 2002, Cooling cycles, Heinrich event 1 and the desiccation of Lake Victoria: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 183, p. 169-178.
49. Tiercelin, J.-J., Cohen, A.S., Soreghan, M.J., and Lezzar, K.E., 1992, Pleistocene-Modern deposits of the Lake Tanganyika rift Basin, East Africa: A modern analog for lacustrine source rocks and reservoirs, in Lomando, A.J., Schreiber, B.C., and Harris, P.M., eds., Lacustrine Reservoirs and Depositional Systems: SEPM, Core Workshop 19, p. 37-59.
50. Trudgill, B.C., and Underhill, J.R., 2002, Introduction to the structure and stratigraphy of rift systems: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 86, p. 931-933.
51. Upcott, N., Mukasa, R., and Ebinger, C., 1996, Along-axis segmentation and isostasy in the Western rift, East Africa: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 101, p. 3247-3268.
52. Verheyen, E., Salzburger, W., Snoeks, J., and Meyer, A., 2003, Origin of the superflock of cichlid fishes from Lake Victoria, East Africa: Science, v. 300, p. 325-329.
53. Viner, A.B.. and Smith, I.R., 1973, Geographical, historical, and physical aspects of Lake George: Royal Society (London), Proceedings, v. 184, p. 235-270.
54. Wells, J.T., Scholz, C.A., and Soreghan, M.J., 1999, Processes of sedimentation on a Lacustrine border fault margin: Interpretation of cores from Lake Malawi, East Africa: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 69, p. 816-831.
55. Williams, T.M., and Owen, R.B., 1990, Authigenesis of ferric oolites in superficial sediments from Lake Malawi, Central Africa: Chemical Geology, v. 89, p. 179-188.