메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 41, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 17-36

Home range and seasonal movement of elephants in the Kunene Region, northwestern Namibia

Author keywords

Desert dwelling elephants; GPS radio satellite tracking; Home range; Seasonal movements

Indexed keywords

ELEPHANT; GPS; HOME RANGE; RAINFALL; VEGETATION;

EID: 33745455154     PISSN: 15627020     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3377/1562-7020(2006)41[17:HRASMO]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (71)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 0034097877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat selection by elephants in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, south-western Uganda
    • BABAASA, D. 2000. Habitat selection by elephants in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, south-western Uganda. African Journal of Ecology 38: 116-122.
    • (2000) African Journal of Ecology , vol.38 , pp. 116-122
    • Babaasa, D.1
  • 2
    • 0021057346 scopus 로고
    • Elephant behaviour in a semi-arid environment
    • BARNES, R.F.W. 1983. Elephant behaviour in a semi-arid environment, African Journal of Ecology 21: 185-196.
    • (1983) African Journal of Ecology , vol.21 , pp. 185-196
    • Barnes, R.F.W.1
  • 3
    • 0034521272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation along climate gradients in Kaokoland, North-West Namibia
    • BECKER, T. & JURGENS, N. 2000. Vegetation along climate gradients in Kaokoland, North-West Namibia. Phytocoenologia 30: 543-565.
    • (2000) Phytocoenologia , vol.30 , pp. 543-565
    • Becker, T.1    Jurgens, N.2
  • 4
    • 0034992171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPS telemetry of forest elephants in Central Africa: Results of a preliminary study
    • BLAKE, S., DOUGLAS-HAMILTON, I. & KARESH, W.B. 2001. GPS telemetry of forest elephants in Central Africa: results of a preliminary study. African Journal of Ecology 39: 178-186.
    • (2001) African Journal of Ecology , vol.39 , pp. 178-186
    • Blake, S.1    Douglas-Hamilton, I.2    Karesh, W.B.3
  • 6
    • 0030827354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home Range, association and related aspects of elephants in the eastern Transvaal Lowveld
    • DE VILLIERS, P.A. & KOK, O.B. 1997. Home Range, association and related aspects of elephants in the eastern Transvaal Lowveld. African Journal of Ecology 35: 224-236.
    • (1997) African Journal of Ecology , vol.35 , pp. 224-236
    • De Villiers, P.A.1    Kok, O.B.2
  • 8
    • 0004845031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracking African elephants with a global positioning system (GPS) radio collar
    • DOUGLAS-HAMILTON, I. 1998. Tracking African elephants with a global positioning system (GPS) radio collar. Pachyderm 25: 81-92.
    • (1998) Pachyderm , vol.25 , pp. 81-92
    • Douglas-Hamilton, I.1
  • 9
    • 18744372452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Movement and corridors of African elephants in relation to protected areas
    • DOUGLAS-HAMILTON, I., KRINK, T. & VOLLRATH, F. 2005. Movement and corridors of African elephants in relation to protected areas. Naturwissenschaften 92: 158-163.
    • (2005) Naturwissenschaften , vol.92 , pp. 158-163
    • Douglas-Hamilton, I.1    Krink, T.2    Vollrath, F.3
  • 10
    • 0002357838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elephants of Masi Mara, Kenya: Seasonal habitat selection and group size patterns
    • DUBLIN, H.T. 1996. Elephants of Masi Mara, Kenya: Seasonal habitat selection and group size patterns. Pachyderm 22: 25-35.
    • (1996) Pachyderm , vol.22 , pp. 25-35
    • Dublin, H.T.1
  • 11
    • 20444421137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Faidherbia albida, distribution, density and impacts of wildlife in the Hoanib River catchment, Northwestern Namibia
    • FENNESSY, J.T., LEGGETT K.E.A. & SCHNEIDER, S. 2001. Faidherbia albida, distribution, density and impacts of wildlife in the Hoanib River catchment, Northwestern Namibia. DRFN Occasional Paper 17: 1-47.
    • (2001) DRFN Occasional Paper , vol.17 , pp. 1-47
    • Fennessy, J.T.1    Leggett, K.E.A.2    Schneider, S.3
  • 12
    • 0001437755 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary vegetation map of South West Africa
    • Windhoek, Namibia
    • GIESS, W. 1971. A preliminary vegetation map of South West Africa. Dinteria, 4, Windhoek, Namibia.
    • (1971) Dinteria , vol.4
    • Giess, W.1
  • 14
    • 84990090433 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of elephant in a part of the Zambezi Valley, Rhodesia
    • KERR, M.A. & FRASER J.A. 1975. Distribution of elephant in a part of the Zambezi Valley, Rhodesia. Arnoldia 7: 1-14.
    • (1975) Arnoldia , vol.7 , pp. 1-14
    • Kerr, M.A.1    Fraser, J.A.2
  • 15
    • 0002886917 scopus 로고
    • Elephants as agents of habitat and landscape change in East Africa
    • LAWS, R.M. 1970. Elephants as agents of habitat and landscape change in East Africa. Oikos 21: 1-15.
    • (1970) Oikos , vol.21 , pp. 1-15
    • Laws, R.M.1
  • 16
    • 0002923332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rainfall, water sources and water use in the Hoanib River catchment, Northwest Namibia
    • LEGGETT, K.E.A., FENNESSY, J. & SCHNEIDER, S. 2001. Rainfall, water sources and water use in the Hoanib River catchment, Northwest Namibia. DRFN Occasional Paper 15: 37-75.
    • (2001) DRFN Occasional Paper , vol.15 , pp. 37-75
    • Leggett, K.E.A.1    Fennessy, J.2    Schneider, S.3
  • 17
    • 0037216855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal vegetation changes in the Hoanib River Catchment, Northwestern Namibia: A study of a non-equilibrium system
    • LEGGETT, K.E.A., FENNESSY J.T. & SCHNEIDER, S. 2002. Seasonal vegetation changes in the Hoanib River Catchment, Northwestern Namibia: A study of a non-equilibrium system. Journal of Arid Environments 53: 99-113.
    • (2002) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.53 , pp. 99-113
    • Leggett, K.E.A.1    Fennessy, J.T.2    Schneider, S.3
  • 18
    • 0347656804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal distributions and social dynamics of elephants in the Hoanib River catchment, northwestern Namibia
    • LEGGETT, K.E.A., FENNESSY J.T. & SCHNEIDER, S. 2003. Seasonal distributions and social dynamics of elephants in the Hoanib River catchment, northwestern Namibia. African Zoology 38: 305-316.
    • (2003) African Zoology , vol.38 , pp. 305-316
    • Leggett, K.E.A.1    Fennessy, J.T.2    Schneider, S.3
  • 19
    • 33745456426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coprophagy and unusual thermoregulatory behaviour in desert-dwelling elephants of north-western Namibia
    • LEGGETT, K.E.A. 2004. Coprophagy and unusual thermoregulatory behaviour in desert-dwelling elephants of north-western Namibia. Pachyderm 36: 113-115.
    • (2004) Pachyderm , vol.36 , pp. 113-115
    • Leggett, K.E.A.1
  • 20
    • 0000418783 scopus 로고
    • Spatial organisation and strategy of habitat utilisation of elephants in Tsavo National Park, Kenya
    • LEUTHOLD, W. 1977. Spatial organisation and strategy of habitat utilisation of elephants in Tsavo National Park, Kenya. Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 42:358-379.
    • (1977) Zeitschrift Für Säugetierkunde , vol.42 , pp. 358-379
    • Leuthold, W.1
  • 21
    • 84995232639 scopus 로고
    • Movements and patterns of habitat utilization in Tsavo National Park, Kenya
    • LEUTHOLD, W. & SALE, J.B. 1973. Movements and patterns of habitat utilization in Tsavo National Park, Kenya. East African Wildlife Journal 11: 369-384.
    • (1973) East African Wildlife Journal , vol.11 , pp. 369-384
    • Leuthold, W.1    Sale, J.B.2
  • 22
    • 0026333821 scopus 로고
    • Satellite tracking of elephants in northwest Namibia
    • LINDEQUE, M. & LINDEQUE, P.M. 1991. Satellite tracking of elephants in northwest Namibia. African Journal of Ecology 29: 196-206.
    • (1991) African Journal of Ecology , vol.29 , pp. 196-206
    • Lindeque, M.1    Lindeque, P.M.2
  • 23
    • 33745480021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MapInfo Corporation. MapInfo Professional. MapInfo Corporation, New York
    • MAPINFO CORPORATION 1998. MapInfo Professional. MapInfo Corporation, New York.
    • (1998)
  • 24
    • 0019889730 scopus 로고
    • Musth in the African elephant
    • POOLE, J.H. & MOSS, C.J. 1981. Musth in the African elephant. Nature 292: 830-831.
    • (1981) Nature , vol.292 , pp. 830-831
    • Poole, J.H.1    Moss, C.J.2
  • 25
    • 0000331401 scopus 로고
    • Elephant mate searching: Group dynamics and vocal and olfactory communication
    • POOLE, J.H. & MOSS, C.J. 1989. Elephant mate searching: group dynamics and vocal and olfactory communication. Symposium of the Zoological Society of London 61: 111-125.
    • (1989) Symposium of the Zoological Society of London , vol.61 , pp. 111-125
    • Poole, J.H.1    Moss, C.J.2
  • 26
    • 0027046765 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal forage utilization by elephants in central Africa
    • RUGGERIO, R.G. 1992. Seasonal forage utilization by elephants in central Africa. African Journal of Ecology 30: 137-148.
    • (1992) African Journal of Ecology , vol.30 , pp. 137-148
    • Ruggerio, R.G.1
  • 27
    • 0030435309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the accuracy of kernel distribution estimators for home range analysis
    • SEAMAN, D.E. & POWELL, R.A. 1996. An evaluation of the accuracy of kernel distribution estimators for home range analysis. Ecology 77: 2075-2085.
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 2075-2085
    • Seaman, D.E.1    Powell, R.A.2
  • 29
    • 0021579285 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the harmonic mean measure for defining carnivore activity areas
    • SPENCER, W.D. & BARRETT, R.H. 1984. An evaluation of the harmonic mean measure for defining carnivore activity areas. Acta Zoologica Fennica 171: 255-259.
    • (1984) Acta Zoologica Fennica , vol.171 , pp. 255-259
    • Spencer, W.D.1    Barrett, R.H.2
  • 30
    • 0346550000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SSS (Special Support Services). Report of the Ministry of Environment and Tourism, Namibia
    • SSS (SPECIAL SUPPORT SERVICES) 1999. Aerial Census of Wildlife in Northern Namibia. Report of the Ministry of Environment and Tourism, Namibia.
    • (1999) Aerial Census of Wildlife in Northern Namibia
  • 31
    • 33745453071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Startrack. Startrack Communications, Pretoria
    • STARTRACK 2002. Vistar MT2000 Installation Manual. Startrack Communications, Pretoria.
    • (2002) Vistar MT2000 Installation Manual
  • 32
    • 33745433483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pachyderms hit the road
    • STEINBERG, J. 2003. Pachyderms hit the road. National Geographic, 203(2): XXIII.
    • (2003) National Geographic , vol.203 , Issue.2
    • Steinberg, J.1
  • 33
    • 0004802941 scopus 로고
    • Number and migration patterns of savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana africana) in northern Cameroon
    • TCHAMBA, M.N. 1993. Number and migration patterns of savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana africana) in northern Cameroon. Pachyderm 16: 66-71.
    • (1993) Pachyderm , vol.16 , pp. 66-71
    • Tchamba, M.N.1
  • 34
    • 0028995183 scopus 로고
    • Application of VHF-radio and satellite telemetry techniques on elephants in northern Cameroon
    • TCHAMBA, M.N., BAUER, H. & DE JONGH, H.H. 1995. Application of VHF-radio and satellite telemetry techniques on elephants in northern Cameroon. African Journal of Ecology 33: 335-346.
    • (1995) African Journal of Ecology , vol.33 , pp. 335-346
    • Tchamba, M.N.1    Bauer, H.2    De Jongh, H.H.3
  • 35
    • 0028995182 scopus 로고
    • Long distance movements of elephants in northern Kenya
    • THOULESS, C.R. 1995. Long distance movements of elephants in northern Kenya. African Journal Ecology 33: 321-334.
    • (1995) African Journal Ecology , vol.33 , pp. 321-334
    • Thouless, C.R.1
  • 36
    • 7344233376 scopus 로고
    • Satellite tracking of elephants in Laikipia District, Kenya
    • THOULESS, C., HOARE R. & MULAMA, M. 1992. Satellite tracking of elephants in Laikipia District, Kenya. Pachyderm 15: 28-33.
    • (1992) Pachyderm , vol.15 , pp. 28-33
    • Thouless, C.1    Hoare, R.2    Mulama, M.3
  • 37
    • 0031878735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite tracking of elephants in northern Botswana
    • VERLINDEN, A. & GAVOR, I.K.N. 1998. Satellite tracking of elephants in northern Botswana. African Journal of Ecology 36: 105-116.
    • (1998) African Journal of Ecology , vol.36 , pp. 105-116
    • Verlinden, A.1    Gavor, I.K.N.2
  • 38
    • 0003493924 scopus 로고
    • Veldtipes, verspreiding van die groter soogdiere, en enkele aspekte van die ekologie van Kaokoland
    • M.Sc. thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria
    • VILJOEN, P.J. 1980. Veldtipes, verspreiding van die groter soogdiere, en enkele aspekte van die ekologie van Kaokoland. M.Sc. thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
    • (1980)
    • Viljoen, P.J.1
  • 39
    • 0345541013 scopus 로고
    • Status and past and present distribution of elephants in Kaokoveld, South West/Namibia
    • VILJOEN, P.J. 1987. Status and past and present distribution of elephants in Kaokoveld, South West/Namibia. South African Journal of Zoology 22: 247-257.
    • (1987) South African Journal of Zoology , vol.22 , pp. 247-257
    • Viljoen, P.J.1
  • 40
    • 0038287053 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of the desert-dwelling elephants Loxodonta africana (Blumenbach, 1797) of western Damaraland and Kaokoland
    • Ph.D. thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria
    • VILJOEN, P.J. 1988. The ecology of the desert-dwelling elephants Loxodonta africana (Blumenbach, 1797) of western Damaraland and Kaokoland. Ph.D. thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
    • (1988)
    • Viljoen, P.J.1
  • 41
    • 0024883058 scopus 로고
    • Spatial distribution and movements of elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the northern Namib Desert region of the Kaokoveld, South West Africa/ Namibia
    • VILJOEN, P.J. 1989a. Spatial distribution and movements of elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the northern Namib Desert region of the Kaokoveld, South West Africa/Namibia. South African Journal of Zoology 219: 1-19.
    • (1989) South African Journal of Zoology , vol.219 , pp. 1-19
    • Viljoen, P.J.1
  • 42
    • 0024884763 scopus 로고
    • Habitat selection and preferred food plants of desert-dwelling elephant population in the Northern Namib Desert, South West Africa/Namibia
    • VILJOEN, P.J. 1989b. Habitat selection and preferred food plants of desert-dwelling elephant population in the Northern Namib Desert, South West Africa/Namibia. African Journal of Ecology 27:227-240.
    • (1989) African Journal of Ecology , vol.27 , pp. 227-240
    • Viljoen, P.J.1
  • 44
    • 0021557647 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal herd dynamics of a savanna elephant population
    • WESTERN, D. & LINDSAY, W.K. 1984. Seasonal herd dynamics of a savanna elephant population. African Journal of Ecology 22: 229-244.
    • (1984) African Journal of Ecology , vol.22 , pp. 229-244
    • Western, D.1    Lindsay, W.K.2
  • 45
    • 0028083363 scopus 로고
    • Sacoglottis gabonensis fruiting and the seasonal movement of elephants in the Lopé Reserve, Gabon
    • WHITE, L.J.T 1994. Sacoglottis gabonensis fruiting and the seasonal movement of elephants in the Lopé Reserve, Gabon. Journal of Tropical Ecology 10: 121-125.
    • (1994) Journal of Tropical Ecology , vol.10 , pp. 121-125
    • White, L.J.T.1
  • 46
    • 0037669671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranging behaviour of elephants within a small, fenced area in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa
    • WHITEHOUSE, A.M. & SCHOEMAN, D.S. 2003. Ranging behaviour of elephants within a small, fenced area in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa. African Zoology 38: 95-108.
    • (2003) African Zoology , vol.38 , pp. 95-108
    • Whitehouse, A.M.1    Schoeman, D.S.2
  • 47
    • 0024937921 scopus 로고
    • Kernel methods for estimating the utilization distribution in home-range studies
    • WORTON, B.J. 1989. Kernel methods for estimating the utilization distribution in home-range studies. Ecology 70: 164-168.
    • (1989) Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 164-168
    • Worton, B.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.