Soil resources and the growth and nutrition of tree seedlings near harvest gap - Forest edges in interior cedar-hemlock forests of British Columbia

Canadian Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 62-76

  Walters, Michael B ^a   Lajzerowicz, Cleo C ^b   Coates, K David ^c  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^c RESEARCH BRANCH   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GROWTH KINETICS; HARVESTING; NITROGEN; SOILS;

CEDAR-HEMLOCK FORESTS; FOREST EDGES; SOIL RESOURCES; TREE SEEDLINGS;

FORESTRY;

FOREST EDGE; GROWTH; SEEDLING; SOIL; SOIL NITROGEN; TREE;

FORESTS; GROWTH; HARVESTING; NITROGEN; SEEDLINGS; SOIL; TREES;

BRITISH COLUMBIA; CANADA; NORTH AMERICA;

CONIUM; CONIUM MACULATUM;

EID: 33744814399     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/x05-237     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Adams, P.W., Flint, A.L., and Fredrikson, R.L. 1991. Long-term patterns in soil moisture after a clearcut of a Douglas-fir forest in Oregon. For. Ecol. Manage. 41: 249-263.
2. Ballard, T.M., and Carter, R.E. 1986. Evaluating forest stand nutrient status. B.C. Min. For. Land Manage. Rep. 20.
3. Bancroft, T.A. 1964. Analyses and inferences for incompletely specified models involving the use of preliminary tests of significance. Biometrics, 20: 427-442.
4. Banner, A., MacKenzie, W., Haeussler, S., Thomson, S., Pojar, J., and Trowbridge, R. 1993. A field guide to site identification and interpretation for the Prince Rupert Forest Region. B.C. Min. For. Field Handb. 26.
5. Barg, A.K., and Edmonds, R.L. 1999. Influence of partial-cutting on site microclimate, soil nitrogen dynamics, and microbial biomass in Douglas-fir stands in western Washington. Can. J. For. Res. 29: 705-713.
6. Bauhus, J. 1996. C and N mineralization in an acid forest soil along a gap-stand gradient. Soil Biol. Biochem. 28: 923-932.
7. Bauhus, J., and Bartsch, N. 1995. Mechanisms for carbon and nutrient release and retention within beech forest gaps. I. Microclimate, water balance, and seepage water chemistry. Plant Soil, 168-169: 579-584.
8. Bauhus, J., Vor, T., Bartsch, N., and Cowling, A. 2004. The effects of gaps and liming on forest floor decomposition and soil C and N dynamics in a Fagus sylvatica forest. Can. J. For Res. 34: 509-518.
9. Bennett, J.N., and Prescott, C.E. 2004. Organic and inorganic nitrogen nutrition of western redcedar, western hemlock and salal in mineral N-limited cedar-hemlock forests. Oecologia, 141: 468-476.
10. Binkley, D. 1984. Does forest removal increase rates of decomposition and nitrogen release? For. Ecol. Manage. 8: 229-233.
11. Binkley, D., and Hart, S.C. 1989. The components of nitrogen availability in assessments in forest soils. Adv. Soil Sci. 10: 57-112.
12. Brockley, R.P. 2000. Using foliar variables to predict the response of lodgepole pine to nitrogen and sulphur fertilization. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 1389-1399.
13. Brockley, R.P. 2003. Effects of nitrogen and boron fertilization on foliar boron nutrition and growth in two different lodgepole pine ecosystems. Can. J. For. Res. 33: 988-996.
14. Brockley, R.P., and Sheran, F.J. 1994. Foliar nutrient status and fascicle weight of lodgepole pine after nitrogen and sulfur fertilization in the interior of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 24: 792-803.
15. Cadenasso, M.L., Traynor, M.M., and Pickett, S.T.A. 1997. Functional location of forest edges:gradients of multiple physical factors. Can. J. For. Res. 27: 774-782.
16. Canham, C.D. 1988. An index for understory light levels in and around canopy gaps. Ecology, 69: 1634-1638.
17. Chen, H.Y.H. 1997. Interspecific responses of planted seedlings to light availability in interior British Columbia: survival, growth, allometric patterns, and specific foliage area. Can. J. For. Res. 27: 1383-1393.
18. Chen, J.Q., Franklin, J.F., and Spies, T.A. 1995. Growing season microclimatic gradients from clear-cut edges into old-growth Douglas-fir forests. Ecol. Appl. 5: 74-86.
19. Christ, M.J., and David, M.B. 1996. Temperature and moisture effects on the production of dissolved organic carbon in a spodosol. Soil Biol. Biochem. 28: 11191-1199.
20. Coates, K.D. 2000. Conifer seedling responses to northern temperate forest gaps. For. Ecol. Manage. 127: 249-269.
21. Coates, K.D., and Burton, P.J. 1999. Growth of planted seedlings in response to ambient light levels in northwestern interior cedar-hemlock forest of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 29: 1374-1382.
22. Coates, K.D., Banner, A., Steventon, J.D., LePage, P., and Bartemucci, P. 1997. The Date Creek Silvicultural Systems study in the interior cedar-hemlock forests of northwestern British Columbia: overview and treatment summaries. B.C. Min. For. Land Manage. Handb. 38.
23. Covington, W.W. 1981. Changes in forest floor organic matter and nutrient content following clear-cutting in northern hardwoods. Ecology, 62: 41-48.
24. Denslow, J.S., Ellison, A.M., and Sanford, R.E. 1998. Treefall gap size effects on above- and below-ground processes in a tropical wet forest. J. Ecol. 86: 597-609.
25. Drever, C.R., and Lertzman, K.P. 2001. Light-growth responses of coastal Douglas-fir and western redcedar saplings under different regimes of soil moisture and nutrients. Can. J. For. Res. 31: 2124-2133.
26. Drury, C.F., Zhang, T.Q., and Kay, B.D. 2003. The non-limiting and least limiting water ranges for soil nitrogen mineralization. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 67: 1388-1404.
27. Emmett, B.A., Anderson, J.M., and Hornung, M. 1991. The controls on dissolved nitrogen losses following 2 intensities of harvesting in a Sitka spruce forest (N. Wales). For. Ecol. Manage. 41: 65-80.
28. Frazer, D.W., McColl, J.G., and Powers, R.F. 1990. Soil nitrogen mineralization in a clearcutting chronosequence in a northern California conifer forest. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 54: 1145-1152.
29. Fyles, J.W., Fyles, I.H., and Feller, M.C. 1990. Comparison of nitrogen mineralization in forest floor materials using aerobic and anaerobic incubation and bioassay techniques. Can. J. Soil Sci. 70: 73-81.
30. Giardina, C.P., and Rhodes, C.C. 2001. Clear cutting and burning affect nitrogen supply, phosphorous fractions and seedling growth in soils for a Wyoming lodgepole pine forest. For. Ecol. Manage. 140: 19-28.
31. Gray, A.N., Spies, T.A., and Easter, M.J. 2002. Microclimatic and soil moisture responses to gap formation in coastal Douglas-fir forests. Can. J. For. Res. 32: 332-343.
32. Grenon, F., Bradley, R.L., Joanisse, G., Titus B.D., and Prescott, C.E. 2004. Mineral N availability for conifer growth following clearcutting: responsive versus non-responsive ecosystems. For. Ecol. Manage. 188: 305-316.
33. Hannam, K.D., and Prescott, C.E. 2003. Soluble organic nitrogen in forests and adjacent clearcuts in British Columbia, Canada. Can J. For Res. 33: 1709-1718.
34. Hawkins, B.J., Koppenaal, R.S., and Mitchell A.K. 2002. Proximity to a stand edge influences growth of advance and planted Pacific silver fir seedlings. Northwest Sci. 76: 221-229.
35. Hobbie, S.E. 1996. Temperature and plant species control over litter decomposition in Alaskan tundra. Ecol. Monogr. 66: 503-522.
36. Hope, G.D., Prescott, C.E., and Blevins, L.L. 2003. Responses of available soil nitrogen and litter decomposition to openings of different sizes in dry interior Douglas fir forests in British Columbia. For. Ecol. Manage. 186: 33-46.
37. Joreskog, K.G., and Sorbom, D. 2004. LISREL 8.7 for Windows [computer software]. Scientific Software International, Inc., Lincolnwood, Ill.
38. Kalbitz, K., Glaser, B., and Bol, R. 2004. Clear-cutting of a Norway spruce stand: implications for controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in the forest floor. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 55: 401-413.
39. Kimmins, J.P. 1987. Forest ecology. MacMillan, New York.
40. Klinka, K., Wang, Q., Wang, Q., Kayahara, G.J., Carter, R.R., and Blackwell, B.A. 1992. Light - growth response relationships in Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis) and sub-alpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa). Can. J. Bot. 70: 1919-1930.
41. Kranabetter, J.M., and Coates, K.D. 2004. Ten-year postharvest effects of silviculture systems on soil-resource availability and conifer nutrition in a northern temperate forest. Can. J. For. Res. 34: 800-809.
42. Kranabetter, J.M., Banner, A., and Shaw, J. 2003. Growth and nutrition of three conifer species across site gradients of north coastal British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 33: 313-324.
43. Lajzerowicz, C.C., Walters, M.B., Krasowski, M., and Massicotte, H.B. 2004. Light and temperature differentially colimit subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce seedling growth in partial-cut subalpine forests. Can. J. For. Res. 34: 249-260.
44. Loedel, M., and Beaudry, P. 1993. A study of forest interception at the Date Creek Silvicultural Systems study. Forest Science Section, B.C. Ministry of Forests, Smithers, B.C.
45. Matlack, G.R. 1993. Microenvironment variation within and among forest edge sites in the eastern United States. Biol. Conserv. 66: 185-194.
46. Michalzik, B., Kalbitz, K., Park, J.-H., Solinger, S., and Matzner, E. 2001. Fluxes and concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen - a synthesis for temperate forests. Biogeochemistry, 52: 173-205.
47. Page, A.L., Miller, R.H., and Keeney, D.R. (Editors). 1982. Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties. Agronomy, 9(2).
48. Parsons, W.F.L., Knight, D.H., and Miller, S.L. 1994. Root gap dynamics in lodgepole pine forest: nitrogen transformations in gaps of different size. Ecol. Appl. 4: 354-362.
49. Prescott, C.E. 1997. Effects of clearcutting and alternative silvicultural systems on rates of decomposition and nitrogen mineralization in a coastal montane coniferous forest. For. Ecol. Manage. 95: 253-260.
50. Prescott, C.E., and Brown, S.M. 1998. Five year growth response of conifers on north Vancouver Island to chemical and organic fertilizers. Can. J. For. Res. 28: 1328-1334.
51. Prescott, C.E., Blevins, L.L., and Staley, C.L. 2000. Effects of clear-cutting on decomposition rates of litter and forest floor in forests of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 1751-1757.
52. Prescott, C.E., Hope, G.D., and Blevins, L.L. 2003. Effect of gap size on litter decomposition and soil nitrate concentrations in a high-elevation spruce-fir forest. Can. J. For. Res. 33: 2210-2220.
53. Qualls, R.G. 2000. Comparison of the behavior of soluble organic and inorganic nutrients in forest soils. For. Ecol. Manage. 138: 29-50.
54. Redding, T.E., Hope, G.D., Fortin, M.J., Schmidt M.G., and Bailey, W.G. 2003. Spatial patterns of soil temperature and moisture across subalpine forest-clearcut edges in the southern interior of British Columbia. Can. J. Soil Sci. 83: 121-130.
55. Rees, R.M., McTaggart, I.P., Smith, K.A., and Stockdale, E.A. 1994. Methodology for the study of N mineralization in the field. Eur. J. Agron. 3: 301-309.
56. Reich, P.B., Grigal, D.F., Aber, J.D., and Gower, S.T. 1997. Nitrogen mineralization and productivity in 50 hardwood and conifer stands on diverse soils. Ecology, 78: 335-347.
57. Ritter, E., and Vesterdal, L. 2005. Gap formation in Danish beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest of low management intensity: soil moisture and nitrate in solution. Eur. J. For. Res. [online] 125. doi:10.1007/s10342-005-0077-3.
58. Ritter, E., Dalsgaard, L., and Einhorn, K.S. 2005. Light, temperature and soil moisture regimes following gap formation in a semi-natural beech-dominated forest in Denmark. For. Ecol. Manage. 206: 15-33.
59. Runkle, J.R. 1992. Guidelines and sample protocol for sampling forest gaps. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-283.
60. Schimel, J.P., and Bennett, J. 2004. Nitrogen mineralization: challenges of a changing paradigm. Ecology, 85: 591-602.
61. Shipley, B. 2000. Cause and correlation in biology: a user's guide to path analysis, structural equations, and causal inference. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
62. Smolander, A., Kitunen, V., and Maldonen, E. 2001. Dissolved organic nitrogen in a Norway spruce stand and an adjacent clearcut. Biol. Fertil. Soils, 33: 190-196.
63. Stanford, G., and Smith, S.J. 1972. Nitrogen mineralization potential of soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 36: 4658-4662.
64. Stark, J.M., and Hart, S.C. 1997. High rates of nitrification and nitrate turnover in undisturbed conifer forests. Nature (London), 385: 61-64.
65. Weetman, G.F., McDonald, M.A., Prescott, C.E., and Kimmins, J.P. 1993. Responses of western hemlock, Pacific silver fir, and western redcedar plantations on North Vancouver Island to applications of sewage sludge and inorganic fertilizer. Can J. For Res. 23: 1815-1820.
66. Wright, E.F., Coates, K.D., Canham, C.D., and Bartemucci, P. 1998a. Species variability in growth response to light across climatic regions in northwestern British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 28: 871-886.
67. Wright, E.F., Coates, K.D., and Bartemucci, P. 1998b. Regeneration from seed of six tree species in the interior cedar-hemlock forests of British Columbia as affected by substrate and canopy gap position. Can. J. For. Res. 28: 1352-1364.
68. Yin, X., Perry, J.A., and Dixon, R.K. 1989. Influence of canopy removal on oak forest floor decomposition. Can. J. For. Res. 19: 204-214.