메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 9, 1998, Pages 1352-1364

Regeneration from seed of six tree species in the interior cedar-hemlock forests of British Columbia as affected by substrate and canopy gap position

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CANOPY GAP; FOREST; REGENERATION; SEED; SUBSTRATE;

EID: 0032422373     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/x98-117     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (87)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 0004034257 scopus 로고
    • Agric. Can. Publ. No. 1646
    • Agriculture Canada Expert Committee on Soil Survey. 1987. The Canadian system of soil classification.Agric. Can. Publ. No. 1646.
    • (1987) The Canadian System of Soil Classification
  • 4
    • 0022219657 scopus 로고
    • Gap-phase regeneration in a tropical forest
    • Brokaw. N.V.L. 1985. Gap-phase regeneration in a tropical forest. Ecology, 66: 682-687.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 682-687
    • Brokaw, N.V.L.1
  • 5
    • 0023509361 scopus 로고
    • Gap-phase regeneration of three pioneer tree species in a tropical forest
    • Brokaw, N.V.L. 1987. Gap-phase regeneration of three pioneer tree species in a tropical forest. J. Ecol. 75: 9-19.
    • (1987) J. Ecol. , vol.75 , pp. 9-19
    • Brokaw, N.V.L.1
  • 6
    • 0000835601 scopus 로고
    • U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Handb. No. 654
    • Burns, R.M., and Honkala, B.H. (Technical co-ordinators). 1990. Silvics of North America. Vois. 1 and 2. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Handb. No. 654.
    • (1990) Silvics of North America , vol.1-2
    • Burns, R.M.1    Honkala, B.H.2
  • 7
    • 0008076770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conifer germination on different seedbeds influenced by partially-cut canopies
    • Abstr.
    • Burton. P.J. 1997. Conifer germination on different seedbeds influenced by partially-cut canopies. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am. 78(Suppl.): 230. (Abstr.).
    • (1997) Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am. , vol.78 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 230
    • Burton, P.J.1
  • 8
    • 0024252102 scopus 로고
    • An index of understory light levels in and around canopy gaps
    • Canham, C.D. 1988. An index of understory light levels in and around canopy gaps. Ecology, 69: 1634-1638.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1634-1638
    • Canham, C.D.1
  • 9
    • 0025683767 scopus 로고
    • Light regimes beneath closed canopies and tree-fall gaps in temperate and tropical forests
    • Canham, C.D,. Denslow, J.S., Platt, W.J., Runkle, J.R., Spies, T.A., and White, P.S. 1990. Light regimes beneath closed canopies and tree-fall gaps in temperate and tropical forests. Can. J. For. Res. 20: 620-631.
    • (1990) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.20 , pp. 620-631
    • Canham, C.D.1    Denslow, J.S.2    Platt, W.J.3    Runkle, J.R.4    Spies, T.A.5    White, P.S.6
  • 10
    • 0031460833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A gap-based approach for development of silvicultural systems to address ecosystem management objectives
    • Coates. K.D., and Burton, P.J. 1997. A gap-based approach for development of silvicultural systems to address ecosystem management objectives. For. Ecol. Manage. 99: 339-356.
    • (1997) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.99 , pp. 339-356
    • Coates, K.D.1    Burton, P.J.2
  • 13
    • 0026272783 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthesis, water relations and mortality in Abies lasiocarpa seedlings during natural establishment
    • Cui, M., and Smith, W.K. 1991. Photosynthesis, water relations and mortality in Abies lasiocarpa seedlings during natural establishment. Tree Physiol. 8: 37-46.
    • (1991) Tree Physiol. , vol.8 , pp. 37-46
    • Cui, M.1    Smith, W.K.2
  • 15
    • 0002488214 scopus 로고
    • Gap partitioning among tropical rainforest trees
    • Denslow, J.S. 1980. Gap partitioning among tropical rainforest trees. Biotropica, 12(Suppl.): 47-55.
    • (1980) Biotropica , vol.12 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 47-55
    • Denslow, J.S.1
  • 16
    • 0023467656 scopus 로고
    • Tropical rainforest gaps and tree species diversity
    • Denslow, J.S. 1987. Tropical rainforest gaps and tree species diversity. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 18: 431-451.
    • (1987) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.18 , pp. 431-451
    • Denslow, J.S.1
  • 17
    • 0007428641 scopus 로고
    • Development of white spruce and alpine fir seedlings on cut-over areas in the Central Interior of British Columbia
    • Eis, S. 1965. Development of white spruce and alpine fir seedlings on cut-over areas in the Central Interior of British Columbia. For. Chron. 41: 419-431.
    • (1965) For. Chron. , vol.41 , pp. 419-431
    • Eis, S.1
  • 18
    • 0000384368 scopus 로고
    • Establishment and early development of white spruce in the interior of British Columbia
    • Eis, S. 1967. Establishment and early development of white spruce in the interior of British Columbia. For. Chron. 43: 174-177.
    • (1967) For. Chron. , vol.43 , pp. 174-177
    • Eis, S.1
  • 20
    • 0030302259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gap size, within-gap position and canopy structure effects on conifer seedling establishment
    • Gray, A.N., and Spies, T.A. 1996. Gap size, within-gap position and canopy structure effects on conifer seedling establishment. J. Ecol. 84: 635-645.
    • (1996) J. Ecol. , vol.84 , pp. 635-645
    • Gray, A.N.1    Spies, T.A.2
  • 22
    • 84986734259 scopus 로고
    • 50 years of change in Swedish boreal old-growth Picea abies forest
    • Hofgaard, A. 1993. 50 years of change in Swedish boreal old-growth Picea abies forest. J. Veg. Sci. 4: 773-782.
    • (1993) J. Veg. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 773-782
    • Hofgaard, A.1
  • 23
    • 0030472336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why Engelmann spruce does not have a persistent seed bank
    • Johnson, E.A., and Fryer. G.L. 1996. Why Engelmann spruce does not have a persistent seed bank. Can. J. For. Res. 26: 872-878.
    • (1996) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.26 , pp. 872-878
    • Johnson, E.A.1    Fryer, G.L.2
  • 24
    • 0020388539 scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing understory seedling establishment of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmanni) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) in southeast Wyoming
    • Knapp, A.K., and Smith, W.K. 1982. Factors influencing understory seedling establishment of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmanni) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) in southeast Wyoming. Can. J. Bot. 60: 2753-2761.
    • (1982) Can. J. Bot. , vol.60 , pp. 2753-2761
    • Knapp, A.K.1    Smith, W.K.2
  • 25
    • 0030618287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of sapling mortality as a function of growth to characterize interspecific variation in shade tolerance of eight tree species of northwestern British Columbia
    • Kobe, R.K., and Coates. K.D. 1997. Models of sapling mortality as a function of growth to characterize interspecific variation in shade tolerance of eight tree species of northwestern British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 27: 227-236.
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 227-236
    • Kobe, R.K.1    Coates, K.D.2
  • 26
    • 0002550001 scopus 로고
    • Ecology of forest trees in British Columbia
    • Krajina, V.J. 1969. Ecology of forest trees in British Columbia. Ecol. West. N. Am. 2(1): 1-146.
    • (1969) Ecol. West. N. Am. , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-146
    • Krajina, V.J.1
  • 28
    • 0024193939 scopus 로고
    • Natural disturbance and gapphase regeneration in a wind-exposed tropical cloud forest
    • Lawton, R.O., and Putz, F.E. 1988. Natural disturbance and gapphase regeneration in a wind-exposed tropical cloud forest. Ecolgy, 69: 764-777.
    • (1988) Ecolgy , vol.69 , pp. 764-777
    • Lawton, R.O.1    Putz, F.E.2
  • 29
    • 0028161465 scopus 로고
    • Regeneration of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) following fire: Effects of climate and other factors
    • Little, R.L., D.L. Peterson, and Conquest, L.L. 1994. Regeneration of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) following fire: effects of climate and other factors. Can. J. For. Res. 24: 934-944.
    • (1994) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 934-944
    • Little, R.L.1    Peterson, D.L.2    Conquest, L.L.3
  • 30
    • 0000684225 scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors affecting natural regeneration of Engelmann spruce in the Central Rocky Mountains
    • Noble. D.L., and Alexander, R.R. 1977. Environmental factors affecting natural regeneration of Engelmann spruce in the Central Rocky Mountains. For. Sci. 23: 420-429.
    • (1977) For. Sci. , vol.23 , pp. 420-429
    • Noble, D.L.1    Alexander, R.R.2
  • 32
    • 0023511165 scopus 로고
    • Biogeoclimatic ecosystem classification in British Columbia
    • Pojar, J., Klinka, K., and Meidinger, D.V. 1987. Biogeoclimatic ecosystem classification in British Columbia. For. Ecol. Manage. 22: 119-154.
    • (1987) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.22 , pp. 119-154
    • Pojar, J.1    Klinka, K.2    Meidinger, D.V.3
  • 34
    • 0022845715 scopus 로고
    • Direct seeding techniques to regenerate white spruce in interior Alaska
    • Putman, W.E., and Zasada, J.C. 1986. Direct seeding techniques to regenerate white spruce in interior Alaska. Can. J. For. Res. 16: 660-664.
    • (1986) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.16 , pp. 660-664
    • Putman, W.E.1    Zasada, J.C.2
  • 35
    • 0020870946 scopus 로고
    • Treefall pits and mounds, buried seeds, and the importance of soil disturbance to pioneer trees on Barro Colorado Island, Panama
    • Putz, F.E. 1983. Treefall pits and mounds, buried seeds, and the importance of soil disturbance to pioneer trees on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Ecology, 64: 1069-1074.
    • (1983) Ecology , vol.64 , pp. 1069-1074
    • Putz, F.E.1
  • 36
    • 0028161466 scopus 로고
    • Recruitment in northern hardwood forests: A method for calibrating models that describe patterns of tree seedling dispersal
    • Ribbens, E., Pacala, S.W., and Silander, J.A., Jr. 1994. Recruitment in northern hardwood forests: a method for calibrating models that describe patterns of tree seedling dispersal. Ecology, 75: 1794-1806.
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 1794-1806
    • Ribbens, E.1    Pacala, S.W.2    Silander Jr., J.A.3
  • 37
    • 0000432060 scopus 로고
    • Environmental heterogeneity and plant species diversity: A hypothesis
    • Ricklefs, R. 1977. Environmental heterogeneity and plant species diversity: a hypothesis. Am. Nat. 111: 376-381.
    • (1977) Am. Nat. , vol.111 , pp. 376-381
    • Ricklefs, R.1
  • 38
    • 0020461658 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of disturbance in some old-growth mesic forests of eastern North America
    • Runkle, J.R. 1982. Patterns of disturbance in some old-growth mesic forests of eastern North America. Ecology, 63: 1533-1546.
    • (1982) Ecology , vol.63 , pp. 1533-1546
    • Runkle, J.R.1
  • 41
    • 0024187150 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting post-dispersal seed survival in a tropical forest
    • Schupp, E.W. 1988. Factors affecting post-dispersal seed survival in a tropical forest. Oecologia, 76: 525-530.
    • (1988) Oecologia , vol.76 , pp. 525-530
    • Schupp, E.W.1
  • 42
    • 0001269997 scopus 로고
    • Seed-seedling conflicts, habitat choice, and patterns of plant recruitment
    • Schupp, E.W. 1995. Seed-seedling conflicts, habitat choice, and patterns of plant recruitment. Am. J. Bot. 82: 399-409.
    • (1995) Am. J. Bot. , vol.82 , pp. 399-409
    • Schupp, E.W.1
  • 43
    • 0001390318 scopus 로고
    • Arrival and survival in tropical treefall gaps
    • Schupp, E.W., Howe, H.F., Augspurger, C.K., and Levey, D.J. 1989. Arrival and survival in tropical treefall gaps. Ecology, 70: 562-564.
    • (1989) Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 562-564
    • Schupp, E.W.1    Howe, H.F.2    Augspurger, C.K.3    Levey, D.J.4
  • 44
    • 0028975312 scopus 로고
    • Gap partitioning among maples (Acer) in central New England: Survival and growth
    • Sipe, T.W., and Bazzaz, F.A. 1995. Gap partitioning among maples (Acer) in central New England: survival and growth. Ecology. 76: 1587-1602.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 1587-1602
    • Sipe, T.W.1    Bazzaz, F.A.2
  • 45
    • 0025693376 scopus 로고
    • Canopy gaps in Douglas-fir forest of the Cascade Mountains
    • Spies, T.A., Franklin, J.E, and Klopsch, M. 1990. Canopy gaps in Douglas-fir forest of the Cascade Mountains. Can. J. For. Res. 20: 649-658.
    • (1990) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.20 , pp. 649-658
    • Spies, T.A.1    Franklin, J.E.2    Klopsch, M.3
  • 46
    • 84986792557 scopus 로고
    • Forest development in canopy gaps in old-growth beech (Nothofagus) forests, New Zealand
    • Stewart, G.H., Rose, A.B., and Veblen, T.T. 1991. Forest development in canopy gaps in old-growth beech (Nothofagus) forests, New Zealand. J. Veg. Sci. 2: 679-690.
    • (1991) J. Veg. Sci. , vol.2 , pp. 679-690
    • Stewart, G.H.1    Rose, A.B.2    Veblen, T.T.3
  • 48
    • 0000860807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silvicultural systems and regeneration methods: Current practices and new alternatives
    • Edited by K.A. Kohm and J.F. Franklin. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
    • Tappeiner, J.C., Lavender, D., Walstad, J., Curtis, R.O., and DeBell, D.S. 1997. Silvicultural systems and regeneration methods: current practices and new alternatives. In Creating a forestry for the 21st century. Edited by K.A. Kohm and J.F. Franklin. Island Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 151-164.
    • (1997) Creating a Forestry for the 21st Century , pp. 151-164
    • Tappeiner, J.C.1    Lavender, D.2    Walstad, J.3    Curtis, R.O.4    DeBell, D.S.5
  • 50
    • 0000641338 scopus 로고
    • Canopy gaps and the two major groups of forest trees
    • Whitmore, T.C. 1989. Canopy gaps and the two major groups of forest trees. Ecology, 70: 536-538.
    • (1989) Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 536-538
    • Whitmore, T.C.1
  • 52
    • 0020899491 scopus 로고
    • Artificial regeneration of trees and tall shrubs in experimentally burned upland black spruce/feather moss stands in Alaska
    • Zasada, J.C., Norum, R.A., Van Veldhuizen, R.M., and Teutsch, C.E. 1983. Artificial regeneration of trees and tall shrubs in experimentally burned upland black spruce/feather moss stands in Alaska. Can. J. For. Res. 13: 903-913.
    • (1983) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.13 , pp. 903-913
    • Zasada, J.C.1    Norum, R.A.2    Van Veldhuizen, R.M.3    Teutsch, C.E.4
  • 53
    • 0002825716 scopus 로고
    • The reproductive process in boreal forest trees
    • Edited by H.H. Shugart, R. Leemans, and G.B. Bonan. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Great Britain
    • Zasada, J.C., Sharik, T.L., and Nygren, M. 1992. The reproductive process in boreal forest trees. In A systems analysis of the global boreal forest. Edited by H.H. Shugart, R. Leemans, and G.B. Bonan. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Great Britain, pp. 85-125.
    • (1992) A Systems Analysis of the Global Boreal Forest , pp. 85-125
    • Zasada, J.C.1    Sharik, T.L.2    Nygren, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.