Profitability in professional sports and benchmarking: The case of NBA franchises

Benchmarking

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 252-271

  Nourayi, Mahmoud M ^a  

^a LOYOLA MARYMOUNT UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Benchmarking; Continuous improvement; Profit; Sports

Indexed keywords

EID: 33744725553     PISSN: 14635771     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/14635770610668776     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Baade, R.A. and Tiehen, L.J. (1990), "An analysis of major league baseball attendance 1969-1987", Journal of Sport and Social Issues, Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 14-32.
2. Banker, R.D., Chang, H. and Das, S. (1998), "Standard estimation, standard tightness, and benchmarking: a method with an application to nursing services", Journal of Management Accounting Research, Vol. 10, pp. 133-52.
3. Bird, R.J. (1982), "The demand for league football", Applied Economics, Vol. 14, pp. 637-49.
4. Brabazon, T. and Brabazon, D. (2000), "Benchmarking", Accountancy Ireland, Vol. 32 No. 5, pp. 16-17.
5. Branvold, S., Pan, D. and Gabert, T. (1997), "The effects of winning percentage and market size on attendance in minor league baseball", Sport Marketing Quarterly, Vol. 6 No. 4, pp. 35-42.
6. Bruggink, T.H. and Eaton, J.W. (1996), "Rebuilding attendance in major league baseball: the demand for individual games", in Fizel, J., Gustafson, E. and Hadley, L. (Eds), Baseball Economics, Praeger, Westport, CT, pp. 9-31.
7. Coffin, D.A. (1996), "If you build it, Will they come? Attendance and new stadium construction", in Fizel, J., Gustafson, E. and Hadley, L. (Eds), Baseball Economics, Praeger, Westport, CT, pp. 33-46.
8. Demmert, H.G. (1973), The Economics of Professional Team Sports, Heath DC, Lexington, MA.
9. Dodd, M. (2001), "Buzz fading in Charlotte once-hot hornets can't draw crowd", USA Today, January 18, p. C1.
10. Elmuti, D. and Kathawala, Y. (1997), "An overview of benchmarking process: a tool for continuous improvement and competitive advantage", Benchmarking for Quality Management & Technology, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 229-43.
11. Elmuti, D., Kathawala, Y. and Lloyd, S. (1997), "The benchmarking process: assessing its value and limitations", Industrial Management, Vol. 39 No. 4, pp. 12-19.
12. Elnathan, D. and Kim, O. (1995), "Partner selection and group formation in cooperative benchmarking", Journal of Accounting and Economics, pp. 345-64.
13. Elnathan, D., Lin, T.W. and Young, M. (1996), "Benchmarking and management accounting: a framework for research", Journal of Management Accounting Research, Vol. 8, pp. 37-54.
14. Finch, B.J. and Luebbe, R.L. (1995), Operations Management, The Dryden Press, Fort Worth, TX, pp. 112-5.
15. Fizel, J.L. and Bennett, R.W. (1989), "The impact of college football telecasts on college football attendance", Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 70 No. 4, pp. 980-8.
16. Garrison, R.H. and Noreen, E.W. (2003), Management Accounting, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, pp. 17-19.
17. Garvin, D.A. (1993), "Building a learning organization", Harvard Business Review, July/August, pp. 78-91.
18. Greenstein, T.N. and Marcum, J.P. (1981), "Factors affecting attendance of major league baseball: I. Team performance", Review of Sport and Leisure, Vol. 6 No. 2, pp. 21-34.
19. Heath, T. (2001), "Caps slipping behind redline; owner Leonsis says the team will lose more than $20 million this year", The Washington Post, May 8, pp. D.1.
20. Hill, J.R., Madura, J. and Zuber, R.A. (1982), "The short run demand for major league baseball", Atlantic Economic Journal, Vol. 10, pp. 31-9.
21. Irwin, R.L., Zwick, D. and Sutton, W.A. (1999), "Assessing organizational attributes contributing to marketing excellence in American professional sport franchises", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 33 Nos 3/4, pp. 314-28.
22. Jet (2002), "NBA votes to allow Charlotte Hornets to move to New Orleans", Jet, Vol. 101 No. 23, p. 51.
23. Jones, J.C.H. (1984), "Winners, losers, and hosers: demand and survival in the National Hockey League", Atlantic Economic Journal, Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 54-63.
24. Knowles, G., Sherony, K. and Haupert, M. (1992), "The demand for major league baseball: a test of the uncertainty of outcome hypothesis", The American Economist, Vol. 36 No. 2, pp. 72-80.
25. Ksenne, S. (1996), "League management in professional team sports with win maximizing clubs", European Journal for Sport Management, Vol. 2, pp. 14-22.
26. McCallum, J. (2002), "The hornets empty-nest syndromes", Sports Illustrated, May 13, pp. 66.
27. Malcolm, I. (1995), "Benchmarking finance function activities", Management Accounting, February, pp. 22.
28. Marcum, J.P. and Greenistean, T.M. (1985), "Factors affecting attendance in major league baseball: II. A within-season analysis", Sociology of Sport Journal, Vol. 2, pp. 314-22.
29. Medoff, M.H. (1976), "On monopsonistic exploitation in professional baseball", Quarterly Review of Economics and Business, Vol. 16 No. 2, pp. 113-21.
30. Miller, G., DeMeyer, A. and Nakane, J. (1992), Benchmarking Global Manufacturing, Business One Irwin, Illinois, IL.
31. Mullin, B.J., Hardy, S. and Sutton, W.A. (1993), Sport Marketing, Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL.
32. Noll, R.G. (1974), Government and the Sports Business, The Brookings Institute, Washington, DC.
33. Pan, D.W., Gabert, T.E., McGaugh, E. and Branvold, S.F. (1997), "Factors and differential demographic effects on purchases of season tickets for intercollegiate basketball games", Journal of Sport Behavior, Vol. 20 No. 4, pp. 125-42.
34. Pan, D.W., Zhu, Z., Gabert, T.E. and Brown, J. (1999), "Team performance, market characteristics, and attendance of major league baseball: a panel data analysis", The Mid-Atlantic Journal of Business, Vol. 35 Nos 2/3, pp. 77-91.
35. Port, O. (1992), "Quality", Business Week, November 30, pp. 66-72.
36. Porter, P.K. and Scully, G.W. (1982), "Measuring managerial efficiency: the case of baseball", Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 48 No. 3, pp. 642-50.
37. Pryor, L.S. and Katz, S.J. (1993), "How benchmarking goes wrong (and how to do it right)", Planning Review, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 6-11.
38. Quirk, J. and Fort, R. (1992), Pay Dirt: The Business of Professional Team Sports, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
39. Rappaport, J. and Wilkerson, C. (2001), "What are the benefits of hosting a major league sports franchise?", Economic Review - Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Vol. 86 No. 1, pp. 55-86.
40. Roth, A.V., Marucheck, A.S., Kemp, A. and Trimble, D. (1994), "The knowledge factory for accelerated learning practices", Planning Review, Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 26-46.
41. Scully, G.W. (1974), "Pay and performance in major league baseball", American Economic Review, Vol. 64 No. 6, pp. 915-30.
42. Sheinin, D. (2002), "Check the box scores for attendance", The Washington Post, February 14, p. D.04.
43. Siegfried, J.J. and Eisenberg, J.D. (1980), "The demand for minor league baseball", Atlantic Economic Journal, Vol. 8, pp. 59-66.
44. Teaford, E. (2002), "Hornets on way to New Orleans", The Los Angeles Times, May 11, p. D.10.
45. USA Today (2002), "Fans fighting to retain teams", USA Today, Vol. 130 No. 2683, pp. 9-10.
46. Venetucci, R. (1992), "Benchmarking: a reality check for strategy and performance objectives", Production & Inventory Management Journal, Vol. 33 No. 4, pp. 32-6.
47. Voss, C., Ahlstrom, P. and Blackmon, K. (1997), "Benchmarking and operational performance: some empirical results", International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 17 No. 10, pp. 1046-65.
48. Wakefield, K.L. and Sloan, H.J. (1995), "The effects of team loyalty and selected stadium factors on spectator attendance", Journal of Sport Management, Vol. 9 No. 2, pp. 153-72.
49. Whitney, J.D. (1988), "Winning games versus winning championships: the economic of fan interest and team performance", Economic Inquiry, Vol. 26 No. 10, pp. 703-24.
50. Zhang, J.J., Pease, D.G., Hui, S.C. and Michaud, T.J. (1995), "Variables affecting the spectator decision to attend NBA games", Sport Marketing Quarterly, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 29-39.