Acadian deformation in the shallow crust: An example from the Siluro-Devonian Arisaig Group, Avalon terrane, mainland Nova Scotia

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences

Volumn 43, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 71-81

  Braid, James A ^a   Murphy, J Brendan ^a  

^a ST FRANCIS XAVIER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEFORMATION; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING; LANDFORMS; SEISMIC PROSPECTING;

ACADIAN DEFORMATION; HOLLOW FAULT; SHALLOW CRUST;

EARTH SCIENCES;

ACADIAN OROGENY; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; DEFORMATION MECHANISM; DEVONIAN; FAULTING; FOLDING; STRIKE-SLIP FAULT; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY;

AVALON ZONE; CANADA; NORTH AMERICA; NOVA SCOTIA;

EID: 33744541786     PISSN: 00084077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/e05-106     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Allmendinger, R.W., and Shaw, J.H. 2000. Estimation of fault propagation distance from fold shape: Implications for earthquake hazard assessment. Geology, 28: 1099-1102.
2. Arboleya, M.-L., and Engelder, T. 1995. Concentrated slip zones with subsidiary shears: their development on three scales in the Cerro Brass fault zone, Appalachian Valley and Ridge. Journal of Structural Geology, 17: pp. 519-532.
3. Bartlett, W.L., Friedman, M., and Logan, J.M. 1981. Experimental folding and faulting of rocks under confining pressure, Part IX: Wrench faults in limestone layers. Tectonophysics, 79: pp. 255-277.
4. Bergstrom, S.H., Huff, W.D., Kolata, D.R., and Melchin, M.J. 1997. Occurrence and significance of Silurian K-bentonite beds at Arisaig, Nova Scotia, eastern Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 34: 1630-1643.
5. Boucot, A.J., Dewey, I.F., Dineley, D.L., Fyson, W.K., Hickox, C.F., McKerrow, W.S., and Ziegler, A.M. 1974. The geology of the Arisaig area, Antigonish County, Nova Scotia. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 139, 191 p.
6. Cocks, L.R.M., and Torsvik, T.H. 2002. Earth geography from 500 to 400 million years ago: a faunal and palaeomagnetic review. Journal of the Geological Society (of London), 159: 631-644.
7. Cunningham, W.D. 1993. Strike-slip faults in the southernmost Andes and the development of the Patagonian Orocline. Tectonics, 12: pp. 169-186.
8. Davis, G.H., Bump, A.P., Garcia, P.E., and Ahlgren, S.G. 1999. Conjugate Riedel deformation band shear-zones. Journal of Structural Geology, 22: 169-170.
9. Dineley, D.L. 1963. Knoydart Formation (Lower Devonian) of Nova Scotia. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 73, pp. 138-139.
10. Donohoe, H.V., Jr., and Pajari, G. 1974. The age of Acadian deformation in Maine - New Brunswick. Maritime Sediments, 9: 78-82.
11. Dubey, A.K., and Cobbold, P.R. 1977. Noncylindrical flexural slip folds in nature and experiment. Tectonophyics, 38: pp. 223-239.
12. Erslev, E.A. 1991. Trishear fault-propagation folding. Geology, 19: 617-620.
13. Erslev, E.A., and Mayborn, K.R. 1997. Multiple geometries and modes of fault propagation folding in the Canadian thrust belt. Journal of Structural Geology, 19: 321-335.
14. Fortey, R.A., and Cocks, L.R.M. 2003. Palaeontological evidence bearing on global Ordovician-Silurian continental reconstructions. Earth Science Reviews, 61: 245-307.
15. Hamilton, M.A., and Murphy, J.B. 2004. Tectonic significance of a Llanvirn age for the Dunn Point volcanic rocks, Avalon terrane, Nova Soctia, Canada: implications for the evolution of the Iapetus and Rheic oceans. Tectonophysics, 379: 199-209.
16. Hancock, P.L. 1985. Brittle microtectonics: principles and practice. Journal of Structural Geology, 7: 437-457.
17. Hodych, J.P., and Buchan, K.L. 1998. Palaeomagnetism of the ca. 440 Ma Cape St Mary's sills of the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland: implications for Iapetus Ocean closure. Geophysical Journal International, 135: 155-164.
18. Holdsworth, R.E. 1994. Structural evolution of the Gander-Avalon terrane boundary: a reactivated transpression zone in the NE Newfoundland Appalachians. Geological Society of London Journal, 151: 629-646.
19. Holdsworth, R.E., Butler, C.A, and Roberts, A.M. 1997. The recognition of reactivation during continental deformation. Journal of the Geological Society (of London), 141: 73-78.
20. Hurst, J.M., and Pickerill, R.K. 1986. The relationship between sedimentary facies and faunal associations in the Llandovery siliciclastics Ross Brook Formation, Arisaig, Antigonish County, Nova Scotia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 23: 711-716.
21. Johnson, K.M., and Johnson, AM. 2002. Mechanical analysis of the geometry of forced folds. Journal of Structural Geology, 24: 401-410.
22. Katz, Y., Weinberger, R., and Aydin, A. 2004. Geometry and kinematic evolution of Riedel shear structures, Capitol Reef National Park, Utah. Journal of Structural Geology, 26: 491-501.
23. Keppie, J.D. 1985. The Appalachian collage. In The Caledonian Orogen - Scandanavia and related areas. Edited by D.G. Gee and B.A. Stuart. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, pp. 422-437.
24. Keppie, J.D. 1993. Synthesis of Palaeozoic deformational events and terrane accretion in the Canadian Appalachians. Geologische Rundschau, 82: 381-431.
25. Keppie, J.D., and Dallmeyer, R.D. 1987. Dating transcurrent terrane accretion: an example from the Meguma and Avalon composite terranes in the northern Appalachian Orogen. Tectonics, 6: 831-847.
26. Keppie, J.D., Dostal, J., Murphy, J.B., and Cousens, B.L. 1997. Paleozoic within-plate volcanic rocks in Nova Scotia, (Canada) reinterpreted: Isotopic constraints on paleocontinental reconstructions. Geological Magazine, 134: 425-447.
27. Keppie, D.F., Keppie, J.D., and Murphy, J.B. 2002. Saddle-reef auriferous veins in a conical fold termination (Oldham Anticline, Meguma Terrane, Nova Scotia, Canada): reconciliation of structural and age data. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 39: 53-63.
28. Lane, T.E., and Jensen, L.R. 1975. Stratigraphy of the Arisaig Group. Maritime Sediments, 11: 119-140.
29. Lin, S., Jiang, D., and Williams, P.F. 1998. Transpression (or transtension) zones of triclinic symmetry: Natural example and theoretical modelling. In Continental transpressional and transtensional tectonics. Edited by R.E. Holdsworth, R.A. Strachan, and J.F. Dewey. Geological Society (of London), Special Publication 135, pp. 41-57.
30. MacNiocaill, C., van der Pluijm, B.A., and Van der Voo, R. 1997. Ordovician paleogeography and the evolution of the Iapetus Ocean. Geology, 25: 159-162.
31. Mandl, G. 1988. The mechanics of tectonic faulting; models and basic concepts. In Developments in structural geology. Edited by H.J. Zwart. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, p. 407.
32. Murphy, J.B. 2003. Late Paleozoic formation and development of the St. Marys Basin, mainland Nova Scotia, Canada: a prolonged record of intra-continental strike-slip deformation during the assembly of Pangaea. In Intraplate strike-slip deformation belts. Edited by F. Storti, R.E. Holdsworth and F. Salvini. Geological Society (of London), Special Publication 210, pp. 185-196.
33. Murphy, J.B., and Keppie, J.D. 1998. Late Devonian palinspastic reconstruction of the Avalon-Meguna terrane boundary: implications for terrane accretion and basin development in the Appalachian orogen. Tectonophysics, 284: 221-231.
34. Murphy, J.B., and Keppie, J.D. 2005. The Acadian orogeny in the northern Appalachians. International Geology Review, 47: 663-687.
35. Murphy, J.B., Keppie, J.D., and Hynes, A.J. 1991. Geology of the Antigonish Highlands. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 89-10, 114 p.
36. Murphy, J.B., Nance, R.D., Keppie, J.D., Dostal, J., and Cousens, B.L. 1995. The Odyssey of W est Avalonia: isotopic signatures as constraints for the Late Proterozoic - Early Silurian paleogeography. In New perspectives in the Caledonian-Appalachian orogen. Edited by J. Hibbard, C. van Staal and P. Cawood. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 41, pp. 227-238.
37. Murphy, J.B., Nance, R.D., and Keppie, J.D. 1999a. Fault reactivation within Avalonia: Plate margin to continental interior deformation. Tectonophysics, 305: 183-204.
38. Murphy, J.B., van Staal, C.R., and Keppie, J.D. 1999b. Is the mid to late Paleozoic Acadian Orogeny a plume-modified Laramide-style orogeny? Geology, 27: 653-656.
39. Murphy, J.B., Keppie, J.D., Stacey, J.S., and Trainor, R. 2001. The Neoproterozoic history of the Hollow Fault Zone, Avalon terrane, mainland Nova Scotia. Journal of Structural Geology, 23: 1067-1078.
40. Murphy, J.B., Fernandez- Suarez, J., Keppie, J.D., and Jeffries, T.E. 2004a. Contiguous rather than discrete Paleozoic histories for the Avalon and Meguma terranes based on detrital zircon data. Geology, 32: 585-588.
41. Murphy, J.B., Fernandez-Suarez, J., and Jeffries, T.E. 2004b. Lithogeochemical, Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic data from the Silurian - Early Devonian Arisaig Group clastic rocks, Avalon terrane, Nova Scotia: a record of terrane accretion in the Appalachian Caledonide orogen. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 116: 1183-1201.
42. 39Ar amphibole ages from the Kingston complex, New Brunswick: Evidence for Silurian-Devonian tectonothermal activity and implications for the accretion of the Avalon composite terrane. Journal of Geology, 101: 375-388.
43. Pe-Piper, G., and Piper, D.J.W. 1998. Geochemical evolution of Devonian-Carboniferous igneous rocks of the Magdalen basin, eastern Canada: Pb- and Nd-isotope evidence for mantle and lower crustal sources. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 35: 201-221.
44. Pickerill, R.K., and Hurst, J.M. 1983. Sedimentary facies, depositional environments, and faunal associations of the lower Llandovery (Silurian) Beechill Cove Formation: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 20: 1761-1779.
45. Robinson, P., Tucker, R.D., Bradley, D., Berry, H.N.V., and Osberg, P.H. 1998. Paleozoic orogens in New England, USA. Geologiska Föreningens Förhandlingar, 120: 119-148.
46. Rubie, D.C. 1990. Mechanisms of reaction-enhanced deformability in minerals and rocks. In Deformation processes in minerals, ceramics and rocks. Edited by D.I. Barber and P.G. Meredith. Unwin-Hyman, London, UK, pp. 262-295.
47. Schenk, P.E. 1997. Sequence stratigraphy and provenance on Gondwana's margin: The Meguma zone (Cambrian-Devonian) of Nova Scotia, Canada. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 109: 395-409.
48. Suppe, J. 1983. Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding. American Journal of Science, 283: 684-721.
49. Tchalenko, J. 1970. Similarities between shear zones of different magnitudes. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 81: pp. 1625-1639.
50. van Staal, C.R., Dewey, J.F., Mac Niocaill, C., and McKerrow, W.S. 1998. The Cambrian-Silurian tectonic evolution of the Northern Appalachians and British Caledonides: history of a complex, west and southwest Pacific-type segment of Iapetus. In Lyell: The past is the key to the present. Edited by D. Blundell and A.C. Scott. Geological Society (of London), Special Publication 143, pp. 199-242.
51. Waldron, J.W.F. 2004. Anatomy and evolution of a pull-apart basin, Stellarton, Nova Scotia. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 116: 109-127.
52. Waldron, J.W.F., Murphy, J.B., Melchin, M., and Davis, G. 1996. Silurian tectonics of western Avalonia: strain corrected subsidence history of the Arisaig Group, Nova Scotia. Journal of Geology, 104: 677-694.
53. White, S.H., Bretan., P.G., and Rutter, E.H. 1986. Fault-zone reativation: kinematics and mechanisms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, A137: 81-97.
54. Yeo, G.M., and Ruixiang, G. 1987. Stellarton Graben: An upper Carboniferous pull-apart basin in northern Nova Scotia. In Sedimentary basins and basin forming mechansims. Edited by C. Beaumont and A.J. Tankard. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 12, pp. 299-309.