Neurologic Monitoring on Cardiopulmonary Bypass: What Are We Obligated to Do?

Annals of Thoracic Surgery

Volumn 81, Issue 6, 2006, Pages

  Hoffman, George M ^a  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF WISCONSIN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BRAIN INJURY; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; HEART SURGERY; HUMAN; HYPOXIA; ISCHEMIA; NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; OXYGEN DELIVERY DEVICE; PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANOXIA; BRAIN DAMAGE, CHRONIC; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION; HEMOGLOBINOMETRY; HUMANS; HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; INTRACRANIAL EMBOLISM; INTRAOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MONITORING, INTRAOPERATIVE; OXYHEMOGLOBINS; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RISK FACTORS; SPECTROSCOPY, NEAR-INFRARED; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER, TRANSCRANIAL;

EID: 33646849248     PISSN: 00034975     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2006.02.076     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. McKenzie E.D., Andropoulos D.B., DiBardino D., and Fraser Jr. C.D. Congenital heart surgery 2005: the brain: it's the heart of the matter. Am J Surg 190 (2005) 289-294
2. du Plessis A.J. Neurologic complications of cardiac disease in the newborn. Clin Perinatol 24 (1997) 807-826
3. Limperopoulos C., Majnemer A., Shevell M.I., et al. Predictors of developmental disabilities after open heart surgery in young children with congenital heart defects. J Pediatr 141 (2002) 51-58
4. Fallon P., Aparicio J.M., Elliott M.J., and Kirkham F.J. Incidence of neurological complications of surgery for congenital heart disease. Arch Dis Child 72 (1995) 418-422
5. Austin III E.H., Edmonds Jr. H.L., Auden S.M., et al. Benefit of neurophysiologic monitoring for pediatric cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 114 (1997) 707-716
6. Mahle W.T., Tavani F., Zimmerman R.A., et al. An MRI study of neurological injury before and after congenital heart surgery. Circulation 106 (2002) I109-I114
7. Nollert G., Nagashima M., Bucerius J., Shin'oka T., and Jonas R.A. Oxygenation strategy and neurologic damage after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. I. Gaseous microemboli. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 117 (1999) 1166-1171
8. Nollert G., Nagashima M., Bucerius J., et al. Oxygenation strategy and neurologic damage after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. II. hypoxic versus free radical injury. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 117 (1999) 1172-1179
9. Volpe J.J. Neurobiology of periventricular leukomalacia in the premature infant. Pediatr Res 50 (2001) 553-562
10. Loepke A.W., Golden J.A., McCann J.C., and Kurth C.D. Injury pattern of the neonatal brain after hypothermic low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass in a piglet model. Anesth Analg 101 (2005) 340-348
11. Aoki M., Jonas R.A., Nomura F., et al. Effects of aprotinin on acute recovery of cerebral metabolism in piglets after hypothermic circulatory arrest. Ann Thorac Surg 58 (1994) 146-153
12. Murkin J.M. Attenuation of neurologic injury during cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 72 Suppl (2001) S1838-S1844
13. Bahrami K.R., and Van Meurs K.P. ECMO for neonatal respiratory failure. Semin Perinatol 29 (2005) 15-23
14. Shen I., and Ungerleider R.M. Routine use of mechanical ventricular assist following the Norwood procedure. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu 7 (2004) 16-21
15. Mahle W.T., Lundine K., Kanter K.R., et al. The short term effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on neurologic function in children and young adults. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 26 (2004) 920-925
16. Ungerleider R.M., Shen I., Burch G., Butler R., and Silberbach M. Use of routine ventricular assist following the first stage Norwood procedure. Cardiol Young 14 Suppl 1 (2004) 61-64
17. Kern F.H., Ungerleider R.M., Schulman S.R., et al. Comparing two strategies of cardiopulmonary bypass cooling on jugular venous oxygen saturation in neonates and infants. Ann Thorac Surg 60 (1995) 1198-1202
18. Greeley W.J., Kern F.H., Meliones J.N., and Ungerleider R.M. Effect of deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest on cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Ann Thorac Surg 56 (1993) 1464-1466
19. Kern F.H., Jonas R.A., Mayer Jr. J.E., Hanley F.L., Castaneda A.R., and Hickey P.R. Temperature monitoring during CPB in infants. does it predict efficient brain cooling?. Ann Thorac Surg 54 (1992) 749-754
20. Bellinger D.C., Wypij D., du Plessis A.J., et al. Developmental and neurologic effects of alpha-stat versus pH-stat strategies for deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in infants. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 121 (2001) 374-383
21. Priestley M.A., Golden J.A., O'Hara I.B., McCann J., and Kurth C.D. Comparison of neurologic outcome after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest with alpha-stat and pH-stat cardiopulmonary bypass in newborn pigs. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 121 (2001) 336-343
22. Sakamoto T., Kurosawa H., Shin'oka T., Aoki M., and Isomatsu Y. The influence of pH strategy on cerebral and collateral circulation during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in cyanotic patients with heart disease. results of a randomized trial and real-time monitoring. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 127 (2004) 12-19
23. Bellinger D.C., Wypij D., duDuplessis A.J., et al. Neurodevelopmental status at eight years in children with dextro-transposition of the great arteries. the Boston Circulatory Arrest Trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 126 (2003) 1385-1396
24. Jonas R.A., Wypij D., Roth S.J., et al. The influence of hemodilution on outcome after hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. results of a randomized trial in infants. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 126 (2003) 1765-1774
25. Bellinger D.C., Jonas R.A., Rappaport L.A., et al. Developmental and neurologic status of children after heart surgery with hypothermic circulatory arrest or low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass. N Engl J Med 332 (1995) 549-555
26. Sakamoto T., Hatsuoka S., Stock U.A., et al. Prediction of safe duration of hypothermic circulatory arrest by near-infrared spectroscopy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 122 (2001) 339-350
27. Hoffman G.M. Detection and prevention of neurologic injury inn the intensive care unit [Abstract]. Cardiol Young 15 (2005) 149-153
28. Lozano S., and Mossad E. Cerebral function monitors during pediatric cardiac surgery. can they make a difference?. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 18 (2004) 645-656
29. Andropoulos D.B., Stayer S.A., McKenzie E.D., and Fraser Jr. C.D. Novel cerebral physiologic monitoring to guide low-flow cerebral perfusion during neonatal aortic arch reconstruction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 125 (2003) 491-499
30. Mezrow C.K., Midulla P.S., Sadeghi A.M., et al. Evaluation of cerebral metabolism and quantitative electroencephalography after hypothermic circulatory arrest and low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass at different temperatures. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 107 (1994) 1006-1019
31. Galli K.K., Zimmerman R.A., Jarvik G.P., et al. Periventricular leukomalacia is common after neonatal cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 127 (2004) 692-704
32. Andropoulos D.B., Stayer S.A., Diaz L.K., and Ramamoorthy C. Neurological monitoring for congenital heart surgery. Anesth Analg 99 (2004) 1365-1375
33. Smythe P.R., and Samra S.K. Monitors of cerebral oxygenation. Anesthesiol Clin North Am 20 (2002) 293-313
34. Dullenkopf A., Kolarova A., Schulz G., Frey B., Baenziger O., and Weiss M. Reproducibility of cerebral oxygenation measurement in neonates and infants in the clinical setting using the NIRO 300 oximeter. Pediatr Crit Care Med 6 (2005) 344-347
35. Grubhofer G., Tonninger W., Keznickl P., et al. A comparison of the monitors INVOS 3100 and NIRO 500 in detecting changes in cerebral oxygenation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 43 (1999) 470-475
36. Thavasothy M., Broadhead M., Elwell C., Peters M., and Smith M. A comparison of cerebral oxygenation as measured by the NIRO 300 and the INVOS 5100 near-infrared spectrophotometers. Anaesthesia 57 (2002) 999-1006
37. Edmonds Jr. H.L. Multi-modality neurophysiologic monitoring for cardiac surgery. Heart Surg Forum 5 (2002) 225-228
38. Taggart D.P., Browne S.M., Halligan P.W., and Wade D.T. Is cardiopulmonary bypass still the cause of cognitive dysfunction after cardiac operations?. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 118 (1999) 414-421
39. Rosenblatt B. Monitoring the central nervous system in children with congenital heart defects. clinical neurophysiological techniques. Semin Pediatr Neurol 6 (1999) 27-31
40. Miller G., Rodichok L.D., Baylen B.G., and Myers J.L. EEG changes during open heart surgery on infants aged 6 months or less. relationship to early neurologic morbidity. Pediatr Neurol 10 (1994) 124-130
41. Mizrahi E.M., Patel V.M., Crawford E.S., Coselli J.S., and Hess K.R. Hypothermic-induced electrocerebral silence, prolonged circulatory arrest, and cerebral protection during cardiovascular surgery. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 72 (1989) 81-85
42. Arroyo S., Lesser R.P., Gillinov A.M., et al. EEG and prognosis of neurologic recovery of dogs under profound hypothermic circulatory arrest. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 87 (1993) 242-249
43. Gaynor J.W., Nicolson S.C., Jarvik G.P., et al. Increasing duration of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest is associated with an increased incidence of postoperative electroencephalographic seizures. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 130 (2005) 1278-1286
44. Toet M.C., Flinterman A., Laar I.V., et al. Cerebral oxygen saturation and electrical brain activity before, during, and up to 36 hours after arterial switch procedure in neonates without pre-existing brain damage. its relationship to neurodevelopmental outcome. Exp Brain Res 165 (2005) 343-350
45. Levy W.J., Levin S., and Chance B. Near-infrared measurement of cerebral oxygenation. Correlation with electroencephalographic ischemia during ventricular fibrillation. Anesthesiology 83 (1995) 738-746
46. Kurth C.D., Levy W.J., and McCann J. Near-infrared spectroscopy cerebral oxygen saturation thresholds for hypoxia-ischemia in piglets. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 22 (2002) 335-341
47. Kurth C.D., Steven J.M., Nicolson S.C., Chance B., and Delivoria-Papadopoulos M. Kinetics of cerebral deoxygenation during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in neonates. Anesthesiology 77 (1992) 656-661
48. Hagino I., Anttila V., Zurakowski D., Duebener L.F., Lidov H.G., and Jonas R.A. Tissue oxygenation index is a useful monitor of histologic and neurologic outcome after cardiopulmonary bypass in piglets. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 130 (2005) 384-392
49. Orihashi K., Sueda T., Okada K., and Imai K. Near-infrared spectroscopy for monitoring cerebral ischemia during selective cerebral perfusion. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 26 (2004) 907-911
50. Nollert G., Mohnle P., Tassani-Prell P., et al. Postoperative neuropsychological dysfunction and cerebral oxygenation during cardiac surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 43 (1995) 260-264
51. Casati A., Fanelli G., Pietropaoli P., et al. Continuous monitoring of cerebral oxygen saturation in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery minimizes brain exposure to potential hypoxia. Anesth Analg 101 (2005) 740-747
52. Rigamonti A., Scandroglio M., Minicucci F., Magrin S., Carozzo A., and Casati A. A clinical evaluation of near-infrared cerebral oximetry in the awake patient to monitor cerebral perfusion during carotid endarterectomy. J Clin Anesth 17 (2005) 426-430
53. Edmonds Jr. H.L., Ganzel B.L., and Austin III E.H. Cerebral oximetry for cardiac and vascular surgery. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 8 (2004) 147-166
54. Kurth C.D., Steven J.M., and Nicolson S.C. Cerebral oxygenation during pediatric cardiac surgery using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Anesthesiology 82 (1995) 74-82
55. Licht D.J., Wang J., Silvestre D.W., et al. Preoperative cerebral blood flow is diminished in neonates with severe congenital heart defects. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 128 (2004) 841-849
56. Langley S.M., Chai P.J., Miller S.E., et al. Intermittent perfusion protects the brain during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Ann Thorac Surg 68 (1999) 4-13
57. Pigula F.A. Arch reconstruction without circulatory arrest. scientific basis for continued use and application to patients with arch anomalies. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu 5 (2002) 104-115
58. Scallan M.J. Brain injury in children with congenital heart disease. Paediatr Anaesth 13 (2003) 284-293
59. Scallan M.J. Cerebral injury during paediatric heart surgery. perfusion issues. Perfusion 19 (2004) 221-228
60. Abdul-Khaliq H., Troitzsch D., Schubert S., et al. Cerebral oxygen monitoring during neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 50 (2002) 77-81
61. Hoffman G.M., Stuth E.A., Jaquiss R.D., et al. Changes in cerebral and somatic oxygenation during stage 1 palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome using continuous regional cerebral perfusion. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 127 (2004) 223-233
62. Hoffman G.M., Mussatto K.A., Brosig C.L., et al. Systemic venous oxygen saturation following the Norwood procedure and childhood neurodevelopmental outcome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 130 (2005) 1094-1100
63. Tortoriello T.A., Stayer S.A., Mott A.R., et al. A noninvasive estimation of mixed venous oxygen saturation using near-infrared spectroscopy by cerebral oximetry in pediatric cardiac surgery patients. Paediatr Anaesth 15 (2005) 495-503
64. Weiss M., Dullenkopf A., Kolarova A., Schulz G., Frey B., and Baenziger O. Near-infrared spectroscopic cerebral oxygenation reading in neonates and infants is associated with central venous oxygen saturation. Paediatr Anaesth 15 (2005) 102-109
65. Dent C.L., Spaeth J.P., Jones B.V., et al. Brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities after the Norwood procedure using regional cerebral perfusion. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 131 (2006) 190-197
66. Tweddell J.S., Hoffman G.M., Ghanayem N.S., et al. Evaluation of strategies to improve systemic oxygen delivery following stage 1 palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Circulation 112 Suppl (2005) U423
67. Yeh Jr. T., Gouldman J., Auden S.M., et al. Mixed venous oxygen saturation does not adequately predict cerebral perfusion during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 122 (2001) 192-193