Effects of harvester behavior on population growth rate affects sustainability of ginseng trade

Biological Conservation

Volumn 130, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 505-516

  Van der Voort, Martha E ^a   McGraw, James B ^b  

^a West Virginia University ^*  (Canada)

^b WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Ginseng; Harvest; Life table response experiment; Panax quinquefolius; Plant conservation

Indexed keywords

CONSERVATION; DEMOGRAPHIC METHOD; HARVESTING; POPULATION GROWTH; ROOT;

ASIA; EURASIA; FAR EAST;

PANAX GINSENG; PANAX QUINQUEFOLIUS;

EID: 33646480668     PISSN: 00063207     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2006.01.010     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Anderson R.C., Fralish J.S., Armstrong J.E., and Benjamin P.K. Biology of Ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) in Illinois (1984), Department of Conservation, Division of Forest Resources and Natural Heritage, Springfield, IL
2. Anderson R.C., Fralish J.S., Armstrong J.E., and Benjamin P.K. The ecology and biology of Panax quinquefolium L. (Araliaceae) in Illinois. American Midland Naturalist 129 (1993) 357-372
3. Bailey, B., 1999. Social and economic impacts of wild harvested products. Ph.D. Dissertation, West Virginia University, Morgantown.
4. Baskin C.C., and Baskin J.M. Seeds. Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination (1998), Academic Press, San Diego, CA
5. Bierzychudek P. Looking backwards: assessing the projections of a transition matrix model. Ecological Applications 9 4 (1999) 1278-1287
6. Carlson A.W. Ginseng - America's botanical drug connection to the Orient. Economic Botany 40 (1986) 233-249
7. Carpenter W.G., and Cottam G. Growth and reproduction of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) in Wisconsin, USA. Canadian Journal of Botany 60 (1982) 2692-2696
8. Caswell H. The analysis of life table response experiments. I. Decomposition of effects on population growth rate. Ecological Modeling 46 (1989) 221-237
9. Caswell H. Matrix Population Biology. second ed. (2001), Sinauer Associates Inc., Sunderland, MA
10. Charron D., and Gagnon D. The demography of northern populations of Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng). Journal of Ecology 79 (1991) 431-445
11. Crouse D.T., Crowder L.B., and Caswell H. A stage-based population model for loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation. Ecology 68 5 (1987) 1412-1423
12. Evans B. Ginseng, root of Chinese-Canadian relations. Canadian Historical Review 66 (1985) 1-26
13. Furedi, M.A., 2004. Effects of herbivory by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimm) on the demography and conservation biology of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.). Ph.D. thesis, West Virginia University, Morgantown.
14. Furedi M.A., and McGraw J.B. White-tailed deer: dispersers or predators of American ginseng seeds?. American Midland Naturalist 152 (2004) 268-279
15. Gagnon, D., 1999. An analysis of the sustainability of American ginseng harvesting from the wild: the problem and possible solutions. Final report to the Office of Scientific Authority of the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Arlington, VA.
16. Gregg K.B., and Kéry M. Comparison of size vs. life-state classification in demographic models for the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria. Biological Conservation 129 (2006) 50-58
17. Hardin G. The tradegy of the commons. Science 168 (1968) 1243-1248
18. Harper J.L. Population Biology of Plants (1977), Academic Press, New York
19. Hu S.Y., Rüdenberg L., and Tredici P.D. Studies of American ginseng. Rhodora 82 (1980) 627-636
20. Kalisz S. Experimental determination of seed bank age structure in the winter annual Collinsia verna. Ecology 72 2 (1991) 575-585
21. Kalisz S., and McPeek M.A. Demography of an age-structured annual: resampled projection matrices, elasticity analyses, and seed bank effects. Ecology 73 (1992) 1082-1093
22. In: Kimmens A.C. (Ed). Tales of the Ginseng (1975), William Morrow and Company, Inc., New York
23. Knight T.M. The effects of herbivory and pollen limitation on a declining population of Trillium grandiflorum. Ecological Applications 14 (2004) 915-928
24. Lewis W.H. Population structure and environmental corollaries of Panax quinquefolium (Araliaceae) in Delaware County, New York. Rhodora 86 (1984) 431-437
25. Lewis W.H. Regrowth of a decimated population of Panax quinquefolium in a Missouri climax forest. Rhodora 90 (1988) 1-5
26. Lewis W., and Zenger V.E. Population dynamics of the American ginseng Panax quinquefolium (Araliaceae). American Journal of Botany 69 (1982) 1483-1490
27. Marmontel M., Humphrey S.R., and O'Shea T.J. Population viability analysis of the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris), 1976-1991. Conservation Biology 11 2 (1997) 467-481
28. MATLAB, 1993. MATLAB, Version 4.0. Mathworks, Natick, MA.
29. Maxwell H. The History of Randolph County. From its Earliest Settlement to the Present (1898), The Acme Publishing Company, Morgantown, WV
30. McGraw J.B. Effects of age and size on life histories and population growth of Rhododendron maximum shoots. American Journal of Botany 76 (1989) 113-123
31. McGraw J.B. Evidence for decline in stature of American ginseng plants from herbarium specimens. Biological Conservation 98 (2001) 25-32
32. McGraw J.B., and Antonovics J. Experimental ecology of Dryas octopetala ecotypes. II. A demographic model of growth, branching and fecundity. Journal of Ecology 71 (1983) 899-912
33. McGraw J.B., and Furedi M.A. Deer browsing and population viability of a forest understory plant. Science 307 (2005) 920-922
34. McGraw J.B., Sanders S.M., and Van der Voort M.E. Distribution and abundance of Hydrastis canadensis L. (Ranunculaceae) and Panax quinquefolius L. (Araliaceae) in the central Appalachian region. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 130 2 (2003) 62-69
35. McGraw J.B., Furedi M.A., Maiers K., Carroll C., Kauffman G., Lubbers A., Wolf J., Anderson R.C., Anderson M.R., Wilcox B., Drees D., Van der Voort M.E., Albrecht M.A., Nault A., MacCulloch H., and Gibbs A. Berry ripening and harvest season in wild American ginseng. Northeastern Naturalist 12 2 (2005) 141-152
36. Menges E.S. Population viability analysis for an endangered plant. Conservation Biology 4 (1990) 52-62
37. Meretsky V.J., Snyder N.F.R., Beissinger S.R., Clendenen D.A., and Wiley J.W. Demography of the California condor: implications for reestablishment. Conservation Biology 14 4 (2000) 957-967
38. Millspaugh C.F. American medicinal plants (1974), Dover Publications, New York First published in 1887 as American medicinal plants: an illustrated and descriptive guide to the American plants used as homoeopathic remedies
39. Nantel P., Gagnon D., and Nault A. Population viability analysis of American ginseng and wild leek harvested in stochastic environments. Conservation Biology 10 2 (1996) 608-621
40. Pfab M.F., and Scholes M.A. Is the collection of Aloe peglerae from the wild sustainable? An evaluation using stochastic population modeling. Biological Conservation 118 2004 (2004) 695-701
41. Prescott-Allen C., and Prescott-Allen R. The First Resource: Wild Species in the North American Economy (1986), Yale University Press, New Haven, CT
42. Robbins, C.S., 1998. American ginseng: the root of North America's medicinal herb trade. TRAFFIC North America. Washington, DC.
43. Robbins C.S. Comparative analysis of management regimes and medicinal plant trade monitoring mechanisms for American ginseng and goldenseal. Conservation Biology 14 (2000) 1422-1434
44. Schlessman M.A. Floral biology of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 112 (1985) 129-133
45. Schlessman M.A. Gender modification in North American ginsengs. Dichotomous sex choice versus adjustment. BioScience 37 7 (1987) 469-475
46. Van der Voort, M.E., 1998. An inventory of wild-harvested plants in the Otter Creek Wilderness Area of the Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia. M.Sc. thesis, West Virginia University, Morgantown.
47. Van der Voort, M.E., 2005. An ecological and demographic study of American ginseng ( Panax quinquefolius L.) in central Appalachia. Ph.D. dissertation, West Virginia University, Morgantown.
48. Van der Voort M.E., Bailey B., McGraw J.B., and Samuel D.E. Recovery of populations of goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) following harvest. American Midland Naturalist 149 (2003) 282-292
49. Werner P.A. Predictions of fate from rosette size in teasel (Dipsacus fullonum L.). Oecologia 20 (1975) 197-201
50. Werner P.A., and Caswell H. Population growth rates and age versus stage-distribution models for teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.). Ecology 58 (1977) 1103-1111