메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 22, 2006, Pages 5745-5761

The effect of environmental conditions on tropical deep convective systems observed from the TRMM satellite

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; BOUNDARY LAYERS; CLIMATOLOGY; CLOUDS; DEHYDRATION; MICROWAVES; MOISTURE; RADIATION;

EID: 33646341654     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI3940.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0003268486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary for policymakers
    • and Coauthors, J. T. Houghton et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press
    • Albritton, D., and Coauthors, 2001: Summary for policymakers. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, J. T. Houghton et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, 20 pp.
    • (2001) Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis , pp. 20
    • Albritton, D.1
  • 2
    • 0000773884 scopus 로고
    • The water and energy budgets of the thunderstorm and their relation to thunderstorm development
    • Braham, R. R., Jr., 1952: The water and energy budgets of the thunderstorm and their relation to thunderstorm development. J. Meteor., 9, 227-242.
    • (1952) J. Meteor. , vol.9 , pp. 227-242
    • Braham Jr., R.R.1
  • 3
    • 0036468734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol effect on cloud droplet size monitored from satellite
    • Breon, F.-M., D. Tanre, and S. Generoso, 2002: Aerosol effect on cloud droplet size monitored from satellite. Science, 295, 834-838.
    • (2002) Science , vol.295 , pp. 834-838
    • Breon, F.-M.1    Tanre, D.2    Generoso, S.3
  • 4
    • 0037116322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New CERES data examined for evidence of tropical iris feedback
    • Chambers, L., B. Lin, and D. Young, 2002: New CERES data examined for evidence of tropical iris feedback. J. Climate, 15, 3719-3726.
    • (2002) J. Climate , vol.15 , pp. 3719-3726
    • Chambers, L.1    Lin, B.2    Young, D.3
  • 5
    • 0024838726 scopus 로고
    • A tropical squall line observed during the COPT 81 experiment in West Africa. Part II: Water budget
    • Chong, M., and D. Hauser, 1989: A tropical squall line observed during the COPT 81 experiment in West Africa. Part II: Water budget. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 728-744.
    • (1989) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.117 , pp. 728-744
    • Chong, M.1    Hauser, D.2
  • 6
    • 0034298220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic implications of the observed temperature dependence of the liquid water path of low clouds in the southern Great Plains
    • Del Genio, A. D., and A. Wolf, 2000: Climatic implications of the observed temperature dependence of the liquid water path of low clouds in the southern Great Plains. J. Climate, 13, 3465-3486.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 3465-3486
    • Del Genio, A.D.1    Wolf, A.2
  • 7
    • 0037106761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic properties of tropical precipitating convection under varying environmental conditions
    • Del Genio, A. D., and W. Kovari, 2002: Climatic properties of tropical precipitating convection under varying environmental conditions. J. Climate, 15, 2597-2615.
    • (2002) J. Climate , vol.15 , pp. 2597-2615
    • Del Genio, A.D.1    Kovari, W.2
  • 8
    • 25844503623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cumulus microphysics and climate sensitivity
    • Del Genio, A. D., W. Kovari, M.-S. Yao, and J. Jonas, 2005: Cumulus microphysics and climate sensitivity. J. Climate, 18, 2376-2387.
    • (2005) J. Climate , vol.18 , pp. 2376-2387
    • Del Genio, A.D.1    Kovari, W.2    Yao, M.-S.3    Jonas, J.4
  • 10
    • 0024223807 scopus 로고
    • Estimates of thunderstorm precipitation efficiency from field measurements in CCOPE
    • Fankhauser, J. C., 1988: Estimates of thunderstorm precipitation efficiency from field measurements in CCOPE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 663-684.
    • (1988) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.116 , pp. 663-684
    • Fankhauser, J.C.1
  • 11
    • 0001233986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors responsible for different precipitation efficiencies between midlatitude and tropical squall simulations
    • Ferrier, B. S., J. Simpson, and W.-K. Tao, 1996: Factors responsible for different precipitation efficiencies between midlatitude and tropical squall simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2100-2125.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.124 , pp. 2100-2125
    • Ferrier, B.S.1    Simpson, J.2    Tao, W.-K.3
  • 12
    • 0026616375 scopus 로고
    • Cirrus cloud thermostat for tropical sea surface temperatures tested using satellite data
    • Fu, R., A. DelGenio, B. Rossow, and W. T. Liu, 1992: Cirruscloud thermostat for tropical sea surface temperatures tested using satellite data. Nature, 358, 394.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.358 , pp. 394
    • Fu, R.1    DelGenio, A.2    Rossow, B.3    Liu, W.T.4
  • 13
    • 0020968201 scopus 로고
    • Water budget of a mesoscale convective system in the tropics
    • Gamache, J. F., and R. A. Houze Jr., 1983: Water budget of a mesoscale convective system in the tropics. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1835-1850.
    • (1983) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 1835-1850
    • Gamache, J.F.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2
  • 14
    • 0027707986 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale effects on the regulation of tropical sea surface temperature
    • Hartmann, D. L., and M. L. Michelsen, 1993: Large-scale effects on the regulation of tropical sea surface temperature. J. Climate, 6, 2049-2062.
    • (1993) J. Climate , vol.6 , pp. 2049-2062
    • Hartmann, D.L.1    Michelsen, M.L.2
  • 16
    • 0742322857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimates of cloud vertical structure and water amount over tropical oceans using VIRS and TMI data
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD003298
    • Ho, S.-P., B. Lin, P. Minnis, and T.-F. Fan, 2003: Estimates of cloud vertical structure and water amount over tropical oceans using VIRS and TMI data. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4419, doi:10.1029/2002JD003298.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 4419
    • Ho, S.-P.1    Lin, B.2    Minnis, P.3    Fan, T.-F.4
  • 18
    • 0035509041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of the Goddard profiling algorithm (GPROF) for rainfall estimation from passive microwave sensors
    • and Coauthors
    • Kummerow, C., and Coauthors, 2001: The evolution of the Goddard profiling algorithm (GPROF) for rainfall estimation from passive microwave sensors. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1801-1820.
    • (2001) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.40 , pp. 1801-1820
    • Kummerow, C.1
  • 19
    • 34347390604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warm rain processes over tropical oceans and climate implications
    • doi:10.1029/2003GLO18567
    • Lau, K. M., and H. T. Wu, 2003: Warm rain processes over tropical oceans and climate implications. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2290, doi:10.1029/ 2003GLO18567.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , pp. 2290
    • Lau, K.M.1    Wu, H.T.2
  • 20
    • 0030437514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of liquid and ice water path in nonprecipitating clouds over oceans
    • Lin, B., and W. B. Rossow, 1996: Seasonal variation of liquid and ice water path in nonprecipitating clouds over oceans. J. Climate, 9, 2890-2902.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 2890-2902
    • Lin, B.1    Rossow, W.B.2
  • 21
    • 0030823537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precipitation water path and rainfall rate estimates over oceans using Special Sensor Microwave Imager and International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project data
    • Lin, B., and W. B. Rossow, 1997: Precipitation water path and rainfall rate estimates over oceans using Special Sensor Microwave Imager and International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project data. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 9359-9374.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 9359-9374
    • Lin, B.1    Rossow, W.B.2
  • 22
    • 3543008292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of water cloud properties from satellite microwave, infrared, and visible measurements in oceanic environments. 1: Micro-wave brightness temperature simulations
    • Lin, B., B. Wielicki, P. Minnis, and W. B. Rossow, 1998a: Estimation of water cloud properties from satellite microwave, infrared, and visible measurements in oceanic environments. 1: Micro-wave brightness temperature simulations. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 3873-3886.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 3873-3886
    • Lin, B.1    Wielicki, B.2    Minnis, P.3    Rossow, W.B.4
  • 23
    • 0007270261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of water cloud properties from satellite microwave, infrared, and visible measurements in oceanic environments. II: Results
    • Lin, B., P. Minnis, B. Wielicki, D. R. Doelling, R. Palikonda, D. F. Young, and T. Uttal, 1998b: Estimation of water cloud properties from satellite microwave, infrared, and visible measurements in oceanic environments. II: Results. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 3887-3905.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 3887-3905
    • Lin, B.1    Minnis, P.2    Wielicki, B.3    Doelling, D.R.4    Palikonda, R.5    Young, D.F.6    Uttal, T.7
  • 24
    • 0035866897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of cloud liquid water paths derived from in situ and micro-wave radiometer data taken during the SHEBA/FIREACE
    • Lin, B., P. Minnis, A. Fan, J. A. Curry, and H. Gerber, 2001: Comparison of cloud liquid water paths derived from in situ and micro-wave radiometer data taken during the SHEBA/FIREACE. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 975-978.
    • (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.28 , pp. 975-978
    • Lin, B.1    Minnis, P.2    Fan, A.3    Curry, J.A.4    Gerber, H.5
  • 25
    • 0036465051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The iris hypothesis: A negative or positive cloud feedback?
    • Lin, B., B. Wielicki, L. Chambers, Y. Hu, and K.-M. Xu, 2002: The iris hypothesis: A negative or positive cloud feedback? J. Climate, 15, 3-7.
    • (2002) J. Climate , vol.15 , pp. 3-7
    • Lin, B.1    Wielicki, B.2    Chambers, L.3    Hu, Y.4    Xu, K.-M.5
  • 26
    • 0742305189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud liquid water amount variations with temperature observed during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) experiment
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD002851
    • Lin, B., P. Minnis, and A. Fan, 2003: Cloud liquid water amount variations with temperature observed during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) experiment. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4427, doi:10.1029/2002JD002851.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 4427
    • Lin, B.1    Minnis, P.2    Fan, A.3
  • 27
  • 28
    • 0022850416 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of deep tropical convection associated with large-scale convergence
    • Lipps, F. B., and R. S. Hemler, 1986: Numerical simulation of deep tropical convection associated with large-scale convergence. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1796-1816.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 1796-1816
    • Lipps, F.B.1    Hemler, R.S.2
  • 29
    • 0013083405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angular distribution models for top-of-atmosphere radiative flux estimation from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite. Part 1: Methodology
    • and Coauthors
    • Loeb, N., and Coauthors, 2003: Angular distribution models for top-of-atmosphere radiative flux estimation from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite. Part 1: Methodology. J. Appl. Meteor., 42, 240-265.
    • (2003) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.42 , pp. 240-265
    • Loeb, N.1
  • 30
    • 0034253434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of tropical west Pacific oceanic squall lines to temperature, wind, and moisture profiles
    • Lucas, C., E. J. Zipser, and B. S. Ferrier, 2000: Sensitivity of tropical west Pacific oceanic squall lines to temperature, wind, and moisture profiles. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2351-2373.
    • (2000) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.57 , pp. 2351-2373
    • Lucas, C.1    Zipser, E.J.2    Ferrier, B.S.3
  • 31
    • 0032418429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life cycle variations of mesoscale convective systems over the Americas
    • Machado, L. A. T., W. B. Rossow, R. L. Guedes, and A. W. Walker, 1998: Life cycle variations of mesoscale convective systems over the Americas. Mon. Wea. Rev., 1126, 1630-1654.
    • (1998) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.1126 , pp. 1630-1654
    • Machado, L.A.T.1    Rossow, W.B.2    Guedes, R.L.3    Walker, A.W.4
  • 32
    • 0027839648 scopus 로고
    • Gregarious tropical convection
    • Mapes, B., 1993: Gregarious tropical convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2026-2037.
    • (1993) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.50 , pp. 2026-2037
    • Mapes, B.1
  • 34
    • 0003095345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud optical property retrieval (sub-system 4.3)
    • and Coauthors, Release 2.2, Update to Minnis et al. 1995 [Available online at]
    • Minnis, P., and Coauthors, 1997: Cloud optical property retrieval (sub-system 4.3). Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document, Release 2.2, Update to Minnis et al. (1995). [Available online at http://asd-www.larc.nasa.gov/ATBD/ ATBD.html.]
    • (1997) Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document
    • Minnis, P.1
  • 37
    • 0034466298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimate of precipitation from the dual-beam airborne radars in TOGA COARE. Part II: Precipitation efficiency in the 9 February 1993 MCS
    • Oury, S., X. Don, and J. Testud, 2000: Estimate of precipitation from the dual-beam airborne radars in TOGA COARE. Part II: Precipitation efficiency in the 9 February 1993 MCS. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 2371-2384.
    • (2000) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.39 , pp. 2371-2384
    • Oury, S.1    Don, X.2    Testud, J.3
  • 38
    • 0026293941 scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming by cirrus clouds deduced from observations of the 1987 El Niño
    • Ramanathan, V., and W. Collins, 1991: Thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming by cirrus clouds deduced from observations of the 1987 El Niño. Nature, 351, 27-32.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 27-32
    • Ramanathan, V.1    Collins, W.2
  • 39
  • 40
    • 0028581380 scopus 로고
    • Improved global sea surface temperature analysis
    • Reynolds, R. W., and T. M. Smith, 1994: Improved global sea surface temperature analysis. J. Climate, 7, 929-948.
    • (1994) J. Climate , vol.7 , pp. 929-948
    • Reynolds, R.W.1    Smith, T.M.2
  • 41
    • 0027789404 scopus 로고
    • Water vapour in the atmospheric boundary layer over oceans from SSM/I measurements
    • Schulz, J., P. Schluessel, and H. Grassl, 1993: Water vapour in the atmospheric boundary layer over oceans from SSM/I measurements. Int. J. Remote Sens., 14, 2773-2789.
    • (1993) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.14 , pp. 2773-2789
    • Schulz, J.1    Schluessel, P.2    Grassl, H.3
  • 42
    • 0031420335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of satellite-derived latent heat fluxes
    • Schulz, J., J. Meywerk, S. Ewald, and P. Schlussel, 1997: Evaluation of satellite-derived latent heat fluxes. J. Climate, 10, 2782-2795.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 2782-2795
    • Schulz, J.1    Meywerk, J.2    Ewald, S.3    Schlussel, P.4
  • 43
    • 0035244883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rainfall morphology in Florida convergence zones: A numerical study
    • Shepherd, J. M., B. S. Ferrier, and P. S. Ray, 2001: Rainfall morphology in Florida convergence zones: A numerical study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129,177-197.
    • (2001) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.129 , pp. 177-197
    • Shepherd, J.M.1    Ferrier, B.S.2    Ray, P.S.3
  • 44
    • 14644413562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud feedbacks in the climate system: A critical review
    • Stephens, G., 2005: Cloud feedbacks in the climate system: A critical review, J. Climate, 18, 237-273.
    • (2005) J. Climate , vol.18 , pp. 237-273
    • Stephens, G.1
  • 45
    • 0033567626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microphysics of Clouds with the Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert Scheme (McRAS). Part I: Design and evaluation with GATE phase III data
    • Sud, Y. C., and G. K. Walker, 1999: Microphysics of Clouds with the Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert Scheme (McRAS). Part I: Design and evaluation with GATE phase III data. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 3196-3220.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 3196-3220
    • Sud, Y.C.1    Walker, G.K.2
  • 46
    • 8744314558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The atmospheric energy budget and large-scale precipitation efficiency of convective systems during TOGA COARE, GATE, SCSMEX, and ARM: Cloud-resolving model simulations
    • Tao, W.-K., D. Johnson, C.-L. Shie, and J. Simpson, 2004: The atmospheric energy budget and large-scale precipitation efficiency of convective systems during TOGA COARE, GATE, SCSMEX, and ARM: Cloud-resolving model simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 2405-2423.
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.61 , pp. 2405-2423
    • Tao, W.-K.1    Johnson, D.2    Shie, C.-L.3    Simpson, J.4
  • 47
    • 0035284311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between tropical convection and sea surface temperature
    • Tompkins, A. M., 2001: On the relationship between tropical convection and sea surface temperature. J. Climate, 14, 633-637.
    • (2001) J. Climate , vol.14 , pp. 633-637
    • Tompkins, A.M.1
  • 48
    • 0000154650 scopus 로고
    • Global patterns of cloud optical thickness variation with temperature
    • Tselioudis, G., D. Rind, and W. Rossow, 1992: Global patterns of cloud optical thickness variation with temperature. J. Climate, 5, 1642-1657.
    • (1992) J. Climate , vol.5 , pp. 1642-1657
    • Tselioudis, G.1    Rind, D.2    Rossow, W.3
  • 49
    • 0026447456 scopus 로고
    • Effect of deep convection on the regulation of tropical sea surface temperature
    • Wallace, J., 1992: Effect of deep convection on the regulation of tropical sea surface temperature. Nature, 357, 230-231.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.357 , pp. 230-231
    • Wallace, J.1
  • 50
    • 0020434898 scopus 로고
    • The dependence of numerically simulated convective storms on vertical wind shear and buoyancy
    • Weisman, M. L., and J. B. Klemp, 1982: The dependence of numerically simulated convective storms on vertical wind shear and buoyancy. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 504-520.
    • (1982) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 504-520
    • Weisman, M.L.1    Klemp, J.B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.