메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 143-180

Pensions, politics, and judicial tenure: An empirical study of federal judges, 1869-2002

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 33646173722     PISSN: 14657252     EISSN: 14657260     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aler/ahj003     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (49)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 33646197458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 28 U.S.C. §371
    • U.S.C. §371 (2005).
    • (2005)
  • 2
    • 33646194322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 28 U.S.C. §372(a)
    • U.S.C. §372(a) (2005).
    • (2005)
  • 3
    • 33646166910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 28 U.S.C. §376
    • U.S.C. §376 (2005).
    • (2005)
  • 4
    • 33646194526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5 U.S.C. §501-502
    • U.S.C. §501-502 (2003).
    • (2003)
  • 5
    • 33646187675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5 U.S.C. §8413-8414
    • U.S.C. §8413-8414 (2003).
    • (2003)
  • 6
    • 33646167782 scopus 로고
    • Act of April 10, 1869, §5, 16 Stat. 44, 45
    • Act of April 10, 1869, ch. 22, §5, 16 Stat. 44, 45 (1869).
    • (1869) , pp. 22
  • 7
    • 33646168654 scopus 로고
    • Act of February 10, 1954, §4(a), 68 Stat. 12 (codified as amended at 28 U.S.C. §371 (1954))
    • Act of February 10, 1954, ch. 6, §4(a), 68 Stat. 12 (1954) (codified as amended at 28 U.S.C. §371 (1954)).
    • (1954) , pp. 6
  • 8
    • 33646167358 scopus 로고
    • Act of February 25, 1919, §6, 40 Stat. 1156, 1157
    • Act of February 25, 1919, ch. 29, §6, 40 Stat. 1156, 1157 (1919).
    • (1919) , pp. 29
  • 9
    • 33646198106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts
    • Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. 1999. Senior Status and Retirement for Article III Judges. Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts.
    • (1999) Senior Status and Retirement for Article III Judges
  • 10
    • 0038895807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Did the Elimination of Mandatory Retirement Affect Faculty Retirement?"
    • Ashenfelter, Orley, and David Card. 2002. "Did the Elimination of Mandatory Retirement Affect Faculty Retirement?" 92 American Economic Review 957-80.
    • (2002) American Economic Review , vol.92 , pp. 957-980
    • Ashenfelter, O.1    Card, D.2
  • 11
    • 33646182353 scopus 로고
    • "Bowing to the Inevitable: Supreme Court Deaths and Resignation, 1789-1864"
    • Atkinson, David N. 1982. "Bowing to the Inevitable: Supreme Court Deaths and Resignation, 1789-1864," 198 Arizona State Law Journal 615-40.
    • (1982) Arizona State Law Journal , vol.198 , pp. 615-640
    • Atkinson, D.N.1
  • 13
    • 84971845306 scopus 로고
    • "An Institutional Analysis of Turnover in the Lower Federal Courts, 1900-1987"
    • Barrow, Deborah J. and Gary Zuk. 1990. "An Institutional Analysis of Turnover in the Lower Federal Courts, 1900-1987," 52 Journal of Politics 457-76.
    • (1990) Journal of Politics , vol.52 , pp. 457-476
    • Barrow, D.J.1    Zuk, G.2
  • 14
    • 33646187674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Public Hearings of the National Commission on the Public Service, A Time of Crisis and Opportunity. Day One: Attracting the Best and Brightest to Federal and Judicial Service"
    • Brookings Institution.
    • Brookings Institution. 2002. "Public Hearings of the National Commission on the Public Service, A Time of Crisis and Opportunity. Day One: Attracting the Best and Brightest to Federal and Judicial Service." .
    • (2002)
  • 16
    • 1642618227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "United States Life Tables, 2002"
    • Centers for Disease Control. www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvser/nvsr53/nvsr53 06.pdf
    • Centers for Disease Control. 2004. "United States Life Tables, 2002," 53(6) National Vital Statistics Report 1-39. www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvser/nvsr53/nvsr53 06.pdf.
    • (2004) National Vital Statistics Report , vol.53 , Issue.6 , pp. 1-39
  • 17
    • 0347759832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Do Changes in Pension Incentives Affect Retirement? A Longitudinal Study of Subjective Retirement Expectations"
    • Chan, Sewin, and Ann Huff Stevens. 2003. "Do Changes in Pension Incentives Affect Retirement? A Longitudinal Study of Subjective Retirement Expectations," 88 Journal of Public Economy 1307-33.
    • (2003) Journal of Public Economy , vol.88 , pp. 1307-1333
    • Chan, S.1    Stevens, A.H.2
  • 19
    • 9144273272 scopus 로고
    • "A Supreme Court Justice Steps Down"
    • Danelski, David J. 1965. "A Supreme Court Justice Steps Down," 54 Yale Law Journal 411-25.
    • (1965) Yale Law Journal , vol.54 , pp. 411-425
    • Danelski, D.J.1
  • 21
    • 24944548330 scopus 로고
    • "The Retirement of Federal Judges"
    • Fairman, Charles. 1938. "The Retirement of Federal Judges," 51 Harvard Law Review 397-443.
    • (1938) Harvard Law Review , vol.51 , pp. 397-443
    • Fairman, C.1
  • 22
    • 33646196356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Federal Judicial Center. (accessed March 1, 2005)
    • Federal Judicial Center. http://www.fjc.gov (accessed March 1, 2005).
  • 23
    • 33646203545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Politics Is Threatening the Federal Judiciary"
    • March 18
    • Fox, Lawrence J. 1996. "Politics Is Threatening the Federal Judiciary." National Law Journal, March 18, A19.
    • (1996) National Law Journal
    • Fox, L.J.1
  • 24
    • 0347740411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Mental Decrepitude on theU. S. Supreme Court: The Historical Case for a 28th Amendment"
    • Garrow, David J. 2000. "Mental Decrepitude on the U.S. Supreme Court: The Historical Case for a 28th Amendment," 67 University of Chicago Law Review 995-1086.
    • (2000) University of Chicago Law Review , vol.67 , pp. 995-1086
    • Garrow, D.J.1
  • 25
    • 33646194098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Federal Bench Needs a Raise, Bar Groups Say in Report"
    • Feb. 13
    • Glater, Jonathan D. 2001. "Federal Bench Needs a Raise, Bar Groups Say in Report," New York Times, Feb. 13, A23.
    • (2001) New York Times
    • Glater, J.D.1
  • 26
    • 0004104726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press
    • Goldman, Sheldon. 1997. Picking Federal Judges. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
    • (1997) Picking Federal Judges
    • Goldman, S.1
  • 27
    • 0035540319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Voluntary Retirements from State Supreme Courts: Assessing Democratic Pressures to Relinquish the Bench"
    • Hall, M. G. 2001. "Voluntary Retirements from State Supreme Courts: Assessing Democratic Pressures to Relinquish the Bench," 63 Journal of Politics 1112-40.
    • (2001) Journal of Politics , vol.63 , pp. 1112-1140
    • Hall, M.G.1
  • 28
    • 33646196355 scopus 로고
    • Johnson v. United States, 79 F. Supp. 208 (1948).
    • (1948) Johnson V. United States , vol.79 F , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 208
  • 29
    • 84965634133 scopus 로고
    • "Presidential Appointments to the Supreme Court: Adding Systematic Explanation to Probabilistic Description"
    • King, Gary. 1987. "Presidential Appointments to the Supreme Court: Adding Systematic Explanation to Probabilistic Description," 15 American Politics Quarterly 373-86.
    • (1987) American Politics Quarterly , vol.15 , pp. 373-386
    • King, G.1
  • 31
    • 0036012186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "To Advise and Consent: The Senate and Lower Federal Court Nominations"
    • Martinek, Wendy L., Mark Kemper, and Steven R. Van Winkle. 2002. "To Advise and Consent: The Senate and Lower Federal Court Nominations," 64 Journal of Politics. 337-61.
    • (2002) Journal of Politics , vol.64 , pp. 337-361
    • Martinek, W.L.1    Kemper, M.2    Winkle, S.R.3
  • 32
    • 33646193252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Judicial Independence, Age-Based BFOQs, and the Perils of Mandatory Retirement Policies for State-Appointed Judges"
    • McFadden, Christopher R. 2000. "Judicial Independence, Age-Based BFOQs, and the Perils of Mandatory Retirement Policies for State-Appointed Judges," 52 South Carolina Law Review 81-134.
    • (2000) South Carolina Law Review , vol.52 , pp. 81-134
    • McFadden, C.R.1
  • 33
    • 33846090883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Center for Health Statistics, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. United States Life Tables, 2002: Table 12
    • National Center for Health Statistics, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2004. United States Life Tables, 2002: Table 12. 53 National Vital Statistics Reports 33-4.
    • (2004) National Vital Statistics Reports , vol.53 , pp. 33-34
  • 34
    • 0038927315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Judicial Retirement Strategies - The Judge's Role in Influencing Party Control of the Appellate Courts"
    • Nixon, David C., and J. David Haskin. 2000. "Judicial Retirement Strategies - The Judge's Role in Influencing Party Control of the Appellate Courts," 28 American Politics Quarterly 458-89.
    • (2000) American Politics Quarterly , vol.28 , pp. 458-489
    • Nixon, D.C.1    Haskin, J.D.2
  • 35
    • 0002190833 scopus 로고
    • "What Do Judges and Justices Maximize? (The Same Thing Everybody Else Does)"
    • Posner, Richard A. 1993. "What Do Judges and Justices Maximize? (The Same Thing Everybody Else Does)," 3 Supreme Court Economic Review 1-41.
    • (1993) Supreme Court Economic Review , vol.3 , pp. 1-41
    • Posner, R.A.1
  • 36
    • 0039744519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press
    • Posner, Richard A. 1996. Federal Courts. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
    • (1996) Federal Courts
    • Posner, R.A.1
  • 38
    • 33646192639 scopus 로고
    • Pub.L. No. 98-353 (codified as amended at 28U.S.C. §371 (1984))
    • Pub. L. No. 98-353 (1984) (codified as amended at 28 U.S.C. §371 (1984)).
    • (1984)
  • 39
    • 0009129643 scopus 로고
    • "When and Why Justices Leave the Court"
    • in Wilma Donahue and Clark Tibbitts, eds., Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press
    • Schmidhauser, John R. 1962. "When and Why Justices Leave the Court," in Wilma Donahue and Clark Tibbitts, eds., Politics of Age. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
    • (1962) Politics of Age
    • Schmidhauser, J.R.1
  • 40
    • 84971722490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Senate Voting on Supreme Court Nominees: A Neoinstitutional Model"
    • Segal, Jeffrey A., Charles Cameron, and Albert Cover. "Senate Voting on Supreme Court Nominees: A Neoinstitutional Model," 84 American Political Science Review 525-34.
    • American Political Science Review , vol.84 , pp. 525-534
    • Segal, J.A.1    Cameron, C.2    Cover, A.3
  • 41
    • 84934563594 scopus 로고
    • "A Spatial Model of Roll Call Voting: Senators, Constituents, Presidents and Interest Groups in Supreme Court Confirmations"
    • Segal, Jeffrey A., Charles Cameron, and Albert Cover. 1992. "A Spatial Model of Roll Call Voting: Senators, Constituents, Presidents and Interest Groups in Supreme Court Confirmations," 36 American Journal of Political Science 96-121.
    • (1992) American Journal of Political Science , vol.36 , pp. 96-121
    • Segal, J.A.1    Cameron, C.2    Cover, A.3
  • 42
    • 84937296077 scopus 로고
    • "Calling It Quits: Retirement on the Federal Courts of Appeals, 1893-1991"
    • Spriggs, James F., III, and Paul J. Wahlbeck. 1995. "Calling It Quits: Retirement on the Federal Courts of Appeals, 1893-1991," 48 Political Research Quarterly 573-97.
    • (1995) Political Research Quarterly , vol.48 , pp. 573-597
    • Spriggs III, J.F.1    Wahlbeck, P.J.2
  • 43
    • 0000859172 scopus 로고
    • "Politics and Personal Factors in Retirement from the United States Supreme Court"
    • Squire, Peveril. 1988. "Politics and Personal Factors in Retirement from the United States Supreme Court," 10 Political Behavior 180-90.
    • (1988) Political Behavior , vol.10 , pp. 180-190
    • Squire, P.1
  • 44
    • 33646202056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Constitution, arts. II, III, VI
    • U.S. Constitution, arts. II, III, VI.
  • 45
    • 84903005418 scopus 로고
    • "Resignations and Removals: A History of Federal Judicial Service - And Disservice - 1789-1992"
    • Van Tassel, Emily Field. 1993. "Resignations and Removals: A History of Federal Judicial Service - And Disservice - 1789-1992," 142 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 333-430.
    • (1993) University of Pennsylvania Law Review , vol.142 , pp. 333-430
    • Van, T.1    Field, E.2
  • 46
    • 0041573306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Love's Labor's Lost? Judicial Tenure Among Federal Court Judges: 1945-2000"
    • Yoon, Albert. 2003. "Love's Labor's Lost? Judicial Tenure Among Federal Court Judges: 1945-2000," 91 California Law Review 1029-60.
    • (2003) California Law Review , vol.91 , pp. 1029-1060
    • Yoon, A.1
  • 47
    • 0034344693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "A Competing Risks Model of Supreme Court Vacancies, 1789-1992"
    • Zorn, Christopher J. W., and Steven R.Van Winkle, Steven R. 2000. "A Competing Risks Model of Supreme Court Vacancies, 1789-1992," 22 Political Behavior 145-66.
    • (2000) Political Behavior , vol.22 , pp. 145-166
    • Zorn, C.J.W.1    Winkle, S.R.2    Steven, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.