Postimperial democracies: Ideology and party formation in Third Republic France, Weimar Germany, and Post-Soviet Russia

East European Politics and Societies

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 343-372

  Hanson, Stephen E ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Ideology; Nationalism; Political parties

Indexed keywords

EID: 33646168690     PISSN: 08883254     EISSN: 15338371     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0888325406287176     Document Type: Review

References (82)

1. Michael McFaul, "Vladimir Putin's Grand Strategy . . . for Anti-Democratic Regime Change in Russia," The Weekly Standard, 9:10, 17 November 2003.
2. Lewis Lehrman, "The Case for Putin: Don't Write off Russia's President," The Weekly Standard, 9:14, 22 December 2003.
3. Svetlana Babaeva and Georgy Bovt, "2004-2008 Program," Izvestiia, 16 March 2004, pp. 1-3, translated in Johnson's Russia List #8120, Center for Defense Information.
4. Stephen E. Hanson, "Sovietology, Post-Sovietology, and the Study of Postcommunist Democratization," Demokratizatsiya 11, no. 1 (Winter 2003): 142-49.
5. Other cases that could be added to the list of "postimperial democracies" would be Austria and Hungary after World War I - since both were "cores" of the Austro-Hungarian Empire- and Portugal in 1974. Cases in which national sovereignty was gained through the defeat of foreign empires, such as interwar Poland, and where empire collapsed only gradually, as in twentieth-century Britain and France, pose rather different theoretical issues.
6. Guillermo O'Donnell, "Illusions about Consolidation, "Journal of Democracy 1, no. 4 (April 1996): 34-51.
7. Stephen E. Hanson, "Defining Democratic Consolidation," in Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy, ed. Richard Anderson Jr., M. Steven Fish, Stephen E. Hanson, and Philip Roeder, 126-51 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001).
8. See, for example, M. Steven Fish, "The Dynamics of Democratic Erosion," in Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy, ed. Richard Anderson Jr., M. Steven Fish, Stephen E. Hanson, and Philip Roeder, 54-95 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001);
9. Alfred Stepan and Cindy Skach, "Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation: Parliamentarianism versus Presidentialism," World Politics 46, no. 1 (1993): 1-21; and
10. John Carey and Matthew Shugart, Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992).
11. Ken Jowitt, New World Disorder: The Leninist Extinction (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992);
12. Stephen E. Hanson, "The Leninist Legacy and Institutional Change," Comparative Political Studies 28, no. 2 (July 1995): 306-14; and
13. Herbert Kitschelt, Zdenka Mansfeldova, Radoslaw Markowski, and Gabor Toka, Post-Communist Party Systems: Competition, Representation, and Inter-party Cooperation, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).
14. Clifford Gaddy, The Price of the Past: Russia's Struggle with the Legacy of a Militarized Economy (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1996);
15. Vilerie Bunce, Subversive Institutions: The Design and the Destruction of Socialism and the State (Cambridge; Cambridge University Press, 1999);
16. and Anna Gryzmala-Busse and Pauline Jones Luong, "Reconceptualizing the State: Lessons from Postcommunism," Politics and Society 30, no. 4 (2002): 529-54.
17. Gerald Easter, "Preference for Presidentialism: Postcommunist Regime Change in Russia and the NIS," World Politics 49, no. 2 (1997): 184-211;
18. and Philip Roeder, "The Rejection of Authoritarianism," in Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy, ed. Richard Anderson Jr., M. Steven Fish, Stephen E. Hanson, and Philip Roeder, 11-53 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001).
19. Pauline Jones Luong, Institutional Change and Political Continuity in Post-Soviet Central Asia: Power, Perceptions, and Pacts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002); and
20. Grzegorz Ekiert and Stephen E. Hanson, eds., "Time, Space, and Institutional Change in Postcommunist Europe," in Capitalism and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe: Assessing the Legacy of Communist Rule, 15-48 (Cambridge; Cambridge University Press, 2003), 15-48.
21. Samuel Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996); and
22. Russell Bova, "Political Culture, Authority Patterns, and the Architecture of the New Russian Democracy," in Can Democracy Take Root in Post-Soviet Russia? Explorations in State-Society Relations, ed. Harry Eckstein, Frederic J. Fleron Jr., Erik P. Hoffman, and William M. Reisinger, 177-200 (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1998).
23. Marc Morje Howard, The Weakness of Civil Society in Post-Communist Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003).
24. Stanley Hoffmann et al., In Search of France (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1903);
25. and Maurice Crozier, The Bureaucratic Phenomenon (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964).
26. Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba, The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1963);
27. Ralf Dahrendorf, Society and Democracy in Germany (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1967);
28. and Daniel Goldhagen, Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996).
29. Marcus Kruezer, Institutions and Innovation: Voters, Parties, and Interest Groups in the Consolidation of Democracy: France and Germany, 1870-1939 (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2003).
30. Moshe Lewin, The Gorbachev Phenomenon: A Historical Interpretation (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988); and
31. Timothy McDaniel, The Agony of the Russian Idea (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996).
32. Sheri Berman, The Social Democratic Moment: Ideas and Politics in the Making of Interwar Europe (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998).
33. Stephen E. Hanson, "From Culture to Ideology in Comparative Politics: A Review Essay," Comparative Politics 35 (April 2003): 355-86.
34. Leon Baradat, Political Ideologies: Their Origins and Impact (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991); and
35. Arthur T. Denzau and Douglass C. North, "Shared Mental Models: Ideologies and Institutions," Kyklos 47, no. 1 (Spring 1994): 3-31.
36. Philip Converse, "The Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Publics," in Ideology and Discontent, ed. David E. Apter, 206-61 (New York: Free Press, 1964);
37. Clifford Geertz, ed., "Ideology as a Cultural System," in The Interpretation of Cultures (New York: Basic Books, 1973);
38. John Gerring, "Ideology: A Definitional Analysis," Political Research Quarterly 50, no. 4 (December 1997): 957-94; and
39. Franz Schurmann, Ideology and Organization in Communist China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966).
40. Milton Rokeach, The Open and Closed Mind. Investigations into the Nature of Belief Systems and Personality Systems (New York: Basic Books, 1970).
41. For examples, see Noberto Bobbio, Left and Right: The Significance of a Political Distinction, trans. Allan Cameron (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1996).
42. Mikhail Gorbachev, Memoirs (New York: Doubleday, 1990).
43. Timothy Colton, Transitional Citizens: Voters and What Influences Them in the New Russia (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000).
44. David Hackett Fischer, Historians' Fallacies: Toward a Logic of Historical Thought (New York: Harper & Row, 1970); Gerring, "Ideology"
45. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, "The German Ideology; Part I," 2nd ed., in The Marx-Engels Reader, ed. Robert C. Tucker, 146-200 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1977); and
46. Antonio Gramsci, Prison Notebooks (New York: Columbia University Press, 1992).
47. Geertz, "Ideology as a Cultural System."
48. Denzau and North, "Shared Mental Models."
49. Gary King, Robert O. Keohane, and Sidney Verba, Designing Social Inquiry Qualitative Inference in Scientific Research (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994).
50. Stephen E. Hanson, "Ideology, Uncertainty, and the Rise of Anti-system Parties in Post-Communist Russia," Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 14, no. 1-2, (March/June 1998): 98-127;
51. Hanson, "Defining Democratic Consolidation," in Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy, ed. Richard Anderson Jr., M. Steven Fish, Stephen E. Hanson, and Philip Roeder, 120-51 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001);
52. and Hanson, "Instrumental Democracy: The End of Ideology and the Decline of Russian Political Parties," in The Elections of 1999-2000 in Russia: Their Impact and Legacy, ed. Vicki Hesli and William Reisinger, 163-85 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003).
53. Max Weber, "Politics as a Vocation," In From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, ed. H. H. Gerth and C. Wright Mills, 78 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1940).
54. Robert Axelrod, The Evolution of Cooperation (New York: Basic Books, 1984); and
55. Michael Taylor, The Possibility of Cooperation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987).
56. Douglass C. North and Barry R. Weingast, "Constitutions and Commitment: The Evolution of Institutions Governing Public Choice in Seventeenth-Century England," Journal of Economic History, 49, no. 4 (December 1989): 803-32.
57. Allan Mitchell, The German Influence in France after 1870: The Formation of the French Republic (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1979);
58. Jean-Marie Mayeur and Madeleine Reberioux, The Third Republic from Its Origins to the Great War, 1871-1914, trans. J. R. Foster (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984).
59. Eberhard Kolb, The Weimar Republic (London: Unwin Hyman, 1988);
60. and Detlev Peukert, The Weimar Republic: The Crisis of Classical Modernity (New York: Hill and Wang, 1992).
61. Peter Reddaway and Dmitri Glinski, The Tragedy of Russia's Reforms: Market Bolshevism against Democracy (Washington, DC: U.S. Institute of Peace Press, 2001).
62. J. P. T. Bury and R. P. Tombs, Thiers, 1797-1877: A Political Life (London: Allen and Unwin, 1980).
63. John Rothney, Bonapartism after Sedan (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1969).
64. J. P. T. Bury, Gambetta and the Making of the Third Republic (London: Longman, 1973);
65. and Stephen D. Kale, Legitimism and the Reconstruction of French Society, 1852-1883 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1992).
66. Larry E. Jones, German Liberalism and the Dissolution of the Weimar Party System, 1918-1933 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988).
67. Herman, Social Democratic Moment;
68. Stephen E. Hanson, Time and Revolution: Marxism and the Design of Soviet Institutions (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997); and
69. Ellen Lovell Evans, The German Center Party, 1870-1933: A Study in Political Catholicism, (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1981).
70. Giovanni Sartori, Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976).
71. Hanson, "Ideology"
72. Michael McFaul, "Russia's Choice: The Perils of Revolutionary Democracy," in Growing Pains: Russian Democracy and the Elections of 1993, ed. Timothy J. Colton and Jerry F. Hough, 115-39 (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1998).
73. Mitchell, German Influence in France.
74. Kale, Legitimism and the Reconstruction of French Society.
75. Judith Stone, Sons of the Revolution: Radical Democrats in France, 1862-1914 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996).
76. Harold James, "Economic Reasons for the Collapse of the Weimar Republic," in Weimar: Why Did German Democracy Fail?, ed. Ian Kershaw, 30-57 (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1990).
77. Veljko Vujacic, "Gennadiy Zyuganov and the 'Third Road'," Post-Soviet Affairs 12, no. 2 (April-June 1990): 118-54.
78. Stone, Sons of the Revolution.
79. Francois Furet, Revolutionary Prance, 1770-1880 (Oxford, UK: Longman, 1992).
80. Eberhard Jaeckel, Hitler's World View: A Blueprint for Power (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981).
81. Ian Kershaw, Hitler, 1889-1936: Hubris (New York: W.W. Norton, 1999).
82. Hanson, "Instrumental Democracy."