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Sammarco VJ. Complications of lateral ankle ligament reconstruction. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2001; 397:123-132.
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Sammarco, V.J.1
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Arthroscopic findings associated with the unstable ankle
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Komenda GA, Ferkel RD. Arthroscopic findings associated with the unstable ankle. Foot Ankle Int 1999; 20:708-713.
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Komenda, G.A.1
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Arthroscopic findings in patients with chronic ankle instability
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Hinterman B, Boss A, Schafer D. Arthroscopic findings in patients with chronic ankle instability. Am J Sports Med 2002; 30:402-409.
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Hinterman, B.1
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Comprehensive reconstruction of the lateral ankle for chronic instability using a free gracilis graft
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Coughlin MJ, Schenck RC, Grebing BR, Treme G. Comprehensive reconstruction of the lateral ankle for chronic instability using a free gracilis graft. Foot Ankle Int 2004; 25:231-241. An excellent clinical review of 29 anatomic reconstructions using free tendon graft. The subjective and objective outcome measures suggest a significant reduction in pain and instability. This study demonstrates that an anatomic repair with free tendon augmentation can, in the short term, reliably achieve stability without compromising motion.
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Foot Ankle Int
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Coughlin, M.J.1
Schenck, R.C.2
Grebing, B.R.3
Treme, G.4
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Syndesmosis injuries: Acute, chronic, new techniques for failed management
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Mosier-LaClair S, Pike H, Pomeroy G. Syndesmosis injuries: acute, chronic, new techniques for failed management. Foot Ankle Clin North Am 2002; 7:551-556.
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Foot Ankle Clin North Am
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Mosier-LaClair, S.1
Pike, H.2
Pomeroy, G.3
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8
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Midterm results of a modified Evans repair for chronic lateral ankle instability
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Baltopoulos P, Tzagarakis GP, Kaseta MA. Midterm results of a modified Evans repair for chronic lateral ankle instability. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004; 422:180-185. A review of 27 patients after a tenodesis procedure utilizing the peroneus brevis (Modified Evans). The authors' results demonstrate the overall satisfactory results of this procedure for ligament reconstruction despite the associated alterations in hindfoot biomechanics.
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Clin Orthop Relat Res
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Baltopoulos, P.1
Tzagarakis, G.P.2
Kaseta, M.A.3
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10
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Peroneus longus muscle activation pattern during gait cycle in athletes affected by functional ankle instability. A surface electromyographic study
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Santilli V, Frascarelli MA, Paoloni M, et al. Peroneus longus muscle activation pattern during gait cycle in athletes affected by functional ankle instability. A surface electromyographic study. Am J Sports Med 2005; 33:1183-1187. An interesting study into understanding the controversial etiology of functional instability. The results indicate that a proprioceptive deficit in peroneal activity may have a significant contribution.
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Am J Sports Med
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Santilli, V.1
Frascarelli, M.A.2
Paoloni, M.3
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11
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Operative and functional treatment of rupture of the lateral ligament of the ankle
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Pijnenburg ACM, Bogaard K, Krips R, et al. Operative and functional treatment of rupture of the lateral ligament of the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002; 85:525-530.
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Pijnenburg, A.C.M.1
Bogaard, K.2
Krips, R.3
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12
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Medial ankle instability. An exploratory, prospective study of fifty-two cases
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Hinterman B, Valderrabano V, Boss A, et al. Medial ankle instability. An exploratory, prospective study of fifty-two cases. Am J Sports Med 2004; 32:183-190. The authors arthroscopically evaluated and treated 79 ankles with medial instability. There were a high number of associated findings, suggesting that a combination of injuries might lead to residual disability.
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Am J Sports Med
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Hinterman, B.1
Valderrabano, V.2
Boss, A.3
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13
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Acute ankle injury and chronic lateral instability in the athlete
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DiGiovanni BF, Partal G, Baumhauer JF. Acute ankle injury and chronic lateral instability in the athlete. Clin Sports Med 2004; 23:1-19. An excellent review of the literature of both acute and chronic lateral ankle injuries. It addresses a spectrum of topics from anatomy, biomechanics, and pathology, to diagnosis, non-operative, and operative treatments of these injuries.
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Clin Sports Med
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DiGiovanni, B.F.1
Partal, G.2
Baumhauer, J.F.3
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14
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The peroneal reaction time. Reference data in a healthy sample population
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Schmidt R, Gergroü H, Friemert B, et al. The peroneal reaction time. Reference data in a healthy sample population. Foot Ankle Int 2005; 26:382-386. This study presents normal anthropometric data on PRT in 120 male patients. PRT varied from 40 to 101 ms, with means from 64 to 70 ms. Height, weight, BMI, and number of sports activities did not have a significant influence on PRT.
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Foot Ankle Int
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Schmidt, R.1
Gergroü, H.2
Friemert, B.3
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15
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Prolonged peroneal reaction time in ankle instability
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Konradsen L, Ravn JB. Prolonged peroneal reaction time in ankle instability, Int J Sports Med 1991; 12:290-292.
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Konradsen, L.1
Ravn, J.B.2
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Chronic ankle instability
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Richardson EG, editor. Rosemont, IL: AAOS
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Guyton GP. Chronic ankle instability. In: Richardson EG, editor. Orthopaedic knowledge update. Rosemont, IL: AAOS; 2004. pp. 103-111.
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Orthopaedic Knowledge Update
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Guyton, G.P.1
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Anatomical repair of lateral ligaments in patients with chronic ankle instability
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Schmidt R, Benesch S, Friemert B, et al. Anatomical repair of lateral ligaments in patients with chronic ankle instability. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2005; 13:231-237. A prospective study reinforcing the good results achievable with anatomic reconstruction techniques, as well as the utility of pedography and measures of peroneal reaction time in outcome evaluation.
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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc
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Schmidt, R.1
Benesch, S.2
Friemert, B.3
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18
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Special report. Highlights of the twentieth annual summer meeting of the American orthopaedic foot and ankle society, Seattle, Washington, July 29-31, 2004
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Trepman E, Lutter LD, Richardson EG, et al. Special report. Highlights of the twentieth annual summer meeting of the American orthopaedic foot and ankle society, Seattle, Washington, July 29-31, 2004. Foot Ankle Int 2005; 26:416-425.
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Foot Ankle Int
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Trepman, E.1
Lutter, L.D.2
Richardson, E.G.3
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19
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Peroneal latency in normal and injured ankles at varying angles of perturbation
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Fernandes N, Allison GT, Hopper D. Peroneal latency in normal and injured ankles at varying angles of perturbation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2000; 375:193-200.
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Fernandes, N.1
Allison, G.T.2
Hopper, D.3
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The effect of ankle disk training on muscle reaction time in subjects with a history of ankle sprain
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Osborne MD, Chen LS, Laskowski ER, et al. The effect of ankle disk training on muscle reaction time in subjects with a history of ankle sprain. Am J Sports Med 2001; 29:627-632.
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Osborne, M.D.1
Chen, L.S.2
Laskowski, E.R.3
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21
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Anatomical reconstruction of the lateral ligaments of the ankle with a gracilis autograft
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Takao M, Oae K, Uchio Y, et al. Anatomical reconstruction of the lateral ligaments of the ankle with a gracilis autograft. Am J Sports Med 2005; 33:814-823. The authors employed the use of standard stress radiographs to determine whether to reconstruct one or both of the lateral ankle ligaments utilizing interference screw fixation and free tendon autograft with overall good clinical results.
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Am J Sports Med
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Takao, M.1
Oae, K.2
Uchio, Y.3
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22
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Long-term outcome of anatomical reconstruction versus tenodesis for the treatment of chronic anterolateral instability of the ankle joint. A multicenter study
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Krips R, van Dijk CN, Halasi PT, et al. Long-term outcome of anatomical reconstruction versus tenodesis for the treatment of chronic anterolateral instability of the ankle joint. A multicenter study. Foot Ankle Int 2001; 22:415-421.
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Foot Ankle Int
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Krips, R.1
Van Dijk, C.N.2
Halasi, P.T.3
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Reconstruction of the lateral ligaments. Do the anatomical procedures restore physiologic ankle kinematics?
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Schmidt R, Cordier E, Bertsch C, et al. Reconstruction of the lateral ligaments. Do the anatomical procedures restore physiologic ankle kinematics? Foot Ankle Int 2004; 25:31-36. An interesting in-vitro analysis of the biomechanics of lateral ligament reconstruction. The results indicate that although anatomic ligament reconstruction most closely restores the natural biomechanics of the talo-crural and subtalar joints, there remains a subtle yet significant amount of residual instability.
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Foot Ankle Int
, vol.25
, pp. 31-36
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Schmidt, R.1
Cordier, E.2
Bertsch, C.3
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25
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An analysis of outcome measures following the Broström-Gould procedure for chronic lateral ankle instability
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Brodsky AR, O'Malley MJ, Bohne WH, et al. An analysis of outcome measures following the Broström-Gould procedure for chronic lateral ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int 2005; 26:816-819. The authors performed a retrospective review of 73 consecutive patients after a Broström-Gould repair, and evaluated outcomes with AOFAS and SF-36 scores. Functional instability was more frequently reflected by the SF-36 score.
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(2005)
Foot Ankle Int
, vol.26
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Brodsky, A.R.1
O'Malley, M.J.2
Bohne, W.H.3
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26
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Reconstruction of the lateral ligaments of the ankle using semitendinosis graft
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Paterson R, Cohen B, Taylor D, et al. Reconstruction of the lateral ligaments of the ankle using semitendinosis graft. Foot Ankle Int 2000; 21:413-419.
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Foot Ankle Int
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Paterson, R.1
Cohen, B.2
Taylor, D.3
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Arthroscopic findings in chronic lateral ankle instability. Do focal chondral lesions influence the results of ligament reconstruction?
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Okuda R, Kinoshita M, Morikawa J, et al. Arthroscopic findings in chronic lateral ankle instability. Do focal chondral lesions influence the results of ligament reconstruction? Am J Sports Med 2005; 33:35-42. Arthroscopic evidence of focal chondral damage was found in 63% of ankles prior to lateral ligament reconstruction. Subjective and objective evaluations at follow-up demonstrated no correlation between chondral lesions and outcome.
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(2005)
Am J Sports Med
, vol.33
, pp. 35-42
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Okuda, R.1
Kinoshita, M.2
Morikawa, J.3
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28
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Anatomical reconstruction of chronic lateral ligament injury of the ankle using pedicle tendon of the extensor digitorum longus
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Takahashi T, Nakahira M, Kaho K, Kawakami T. Anatomical reconstruction of chronic lateral ligament injury of the ankle using pedicle tendon of the extensor digitorum longus. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2003; 123:175-179.
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Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
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Takahashi, T.1
Nakahira, M.2
Kaho, K.3
Kawakami, T.4
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29
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Arthroscopic assessment for intra-articular disorders in residual ankle disability after sprain
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Takao M, Uchio Y, Naito K, et al. Arthroscopic assessment for intra-articular disorders in residual ankle disability after sprain. Am J Sports Med 2005; 33:686-692. This paper once again reinforces the utility of arthroscopy in diagnosing and treating residual ankle disability after injury. There were a significant number of associated findings, many of which were diagnosed by arthroscopy alone.
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(2005)
Am J Sports Med
, vol.33
, pp. 686-692
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Takao, M.1
Uchio, Y.2
Naito, K.3
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30
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Thermal-assisted capsular modification for functional ankle instability
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Berlet GC, Saar WE, Ryan A, Lee TH. Thermal-assisted capsular modification for functional ankle instability. Foot Ankle Clin North Am 2002; 7:567-576.
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Foot Ankle Clin North Am
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Berlet, G.C.1
Saar, W.E.2
Ryan, A.3
Lee, T.H.4
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31
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The use of arthroscopic thermal shrinkage to treat chronic lateral ankle instability in young athletes
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Maiotti M, Massoni C, Tarantino U. The use of arthroscopic thermal shrinkage to treat chronic lateral ankle instability in young athletes. Arthroscopy 2005; 21:751-757. A case series reporting the preliminary short-term results of arthroscopic thermal capsular shrinkage performed in 22 athletes. The authors suggest that this procedure, used in an appropriate patient, can achieve similar results as traditional open procedures, yet with decreased morbidity and faster recovery time.
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(2005)
Arthroscopy
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, pp. 751-757
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Maiotti, M.1
Massoni, C.2
Tarantino, U.3
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32
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Suture-endobutton fixation of ankle tibio-fibular diastasis: A cadaver study
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Thornes B, Walsh A, Hislop M, et al. Suture-endobutton fixation of ankle tibio-fibular diastasis: a cadaver study. Foot Ankle Int 2003; 24:142-146.
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Foot Ankle Int
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Thornes, B.1
Walsh, A.2
Hislop, M.3
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33
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Comparison of the syndesmotic staple to the transsyndesmotic screw. A biomechanical study
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Marqueen T, Owen J, Nicandri G, et al. Comparison of the syndesmotic staple to the transsyndesmotic screw. A biomechanical study. Foot Ankle Int 2005; 26:224-230. An in-vitro biomechanical study comparing two types of surgical fixation for syndesmotic injuries. The results indicate comparable results from both devices, but with more normal kinematics achieved by the staple construct.
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(2005)
Foot Ankle Int
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, pp. 224-230
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Marqueen, T.1
Owen, J.2
Nicandri, G.3
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Thornes B, Shannon F, Guiney AM, et al. Suture-button syndesmosis fixation. Accelerated rehabilitation and improved outcomes. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2005; 431:207-212. A prospective study on a small number of patients presenting a novel surgical technique for syndesmosis stabilization, which has several theoretical advantages over traditional trans-syndesmotic screw fixation.
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(2005)
Clin Orthop Relat Res
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, pp. 207-212
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Thornes, B.1
Shannon, F.2
Guiney, A.M.3
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