Views from a cognitive scientist: Cognitive representations underlying discourse are sometimes social

Discourse Studies

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 59-66

  Graesser, Arthur C ^a,b,c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS   (United States)

^b Institute for Intelligent Systems   (United States)

^c Institute for Intelligent Systems ^*  (United States)

^d University of Memphis   (United States)

Author keywords

Animated conversational agents; Cognitive science; Computational linguistics; Speech acts; Tutoring

Indexed keywords

EID: 33645728128     PISSN: 14614456     EISSN: 14617080     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1461445606059555     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Allen, J. (1995) Natural Language Understanding. Redwook City, CA: Benjamin/Cummings.
2. Bartlett, F.C. (1932) Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. Beck, I.L., McKeown, M.G., Hamilton, R.L. and Kucan, L. (1997) Questioning the Author: An Approach for Enhancing Student Engagement with Text. Newark, DE: International Reading Association.
4. Cassell, J. and Thorisson, K. (1999) 'The Power of a Nod and a Glance: Envelope vs. Emotional Feedback in Animated Conversational Agents', Applied Artificial Intelligence 13: 519-538.
5. Clark, H.H. (1996) Using Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6. Cohen, P.R. and Perrault, C.R. (1979) 'Elements of a Plan-based Theory of Speech Acts', Cognitive Science 3: 177-212.
7. Craig, S.D., Graesser, A.C., Sullins, J. and Gholson, B. (2004) 'Affect and Learning: An Exploratory Look into the Role of Affect in Learning', Journal of Educational Media 29: 241-250.
8. Graesser, A.C., Gernsbacher, M.A. and Goldman, S. (eds) (2003) Handbook of Discourse Processes. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
9. Graesser, A.C., Lu, S., Jackson, G.T., Mitchell, H., Ventura, M., Olney, A. and Louwerse, M.M. (2004) 'AutoTutor: A Tutor with Dialogue in Natural Language', Behavioral Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers 36: 180-193.
10. Graesser, A.C., Olney, A., Haynes, B.C. and Chipman, P. (2005) 'AutoTutor: A Cognitive System that Simulates a Tutor that Facilitates Learning through Mixed-initiative Dialogue', in C. Forsythe, M.L. Bernard and T.E. Goldsmith (eds) Cognitive Systems: Human Cognitive Models in Systems Design. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
11. Graesser, A.C., Person, N.K. and Magliano, J.P. (1995) 'Collaborative Dialogue Patterns in Naturalistic One-to-one Tutoring', Applied Cognitive Psychology 9: 3591-3628.
12. Graesser, A.C., VanLehn, K., Rose, C., Jordan, P. and Harter, D. (2001) 'Intelligent Tutoring Systems with Conversational Dialogue', AI Magazine 22: 39-51.
13. Gratch, J., Rickel, J., Andre, E., Cassell, J., Petajan, E. and Badler, N. (2002) 'Creating Interactive Virtual Humans: Some Assembly Required', IEEE Intelligent Systems 17: 54-63.
14. Jurafsky, D. and Martin, J.H. (2000) Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
15. Kintsch, W. (1998) Comprehension: A Paradigm for Cognition. New York: Cambridge University Press.
16. Olney, A., Louwerse, M.M., Mathews, E.C., Marineau, J., Mitchell, H.H., and Graesser, A.C. (2003) 'Utterance Classification in AutoTutor', in J. Burstein and C. Leacock (eds) Building Educational Applications Using Natural Language Processing: Proceedings of the Human Language Technology - North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics Conference 2003 Workshop, pp. 1-8. Philadelphia, PA: Association for Computational Linguistics.
17. Rich, C. and Sidner, C.L. (1998) 'COLLAGEN: A Collaborative Manager for Software Interface Agents', User Modeling and User-adapted Interaction 8: 315-350.
18. Scardamalia, M. and Bereiter, C. (1985) 'Fostering the Development of Self-regulation in Children's Knowledge Processing', in S.F. Chipman, J.W. Segal and R. Glaser (eds) Thinking and Learning Skills, Vol. 2, pp. 563-577. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
19. Searle, J.R. (1969) Speech Acts. London: Cambridge University Press.
20. te Molder, H. and Potter, J. (eds) (2005) Conversation and Cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
21. van Dijk, T.A. (1998) Ideology. London: Sage.
22. van Dijk, T.A. and Kintsch, W. (1983) Strategies of Discourse Comprehension. New York: Academic Press.
23. VanLehn, K., Lynch, C., Taylor, L., Weinstein, A., Shelby, R., Schulze, K. et al. (2002) 'Minimally Invasive Tutoring of Complex Physics Problem Solving', in S.A. Cerri, G. Gouarderes and F. Paraguacu (eds) Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems 2002, pp. 367-376. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
24. Weizenbaum, J. (1966) 'ELIZA - A Computer Program for the Study of Natural Language Communication between Man and Machine', Communications of the ACM 9: 36-45.