Proposed Rules for the incorporation of nomina of higher-ranked zoological taxa in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 2. The proposed Rules and their rationale

Zoosystema

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 165-258

  Dubois, Alain ^a  

^a MUSÉUM NATIONAL D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE   (France)

Author keywords

Allocation of nomen to taxon; Higher ranked taxa; Nomenclatural availability; Nomenclatural validity; Rules; Terminology; Zoological nomenclature

Indexed keywords

EID: 33645701912     PISSN: 12809551     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (262)

1. ANONYMOUS 1953. - Editorial notes and news. Summary of 1953 meeting. Activities of April 24. Copeia 1953 (4): 250-252.
2. ANONYMOUS [INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE] 1961. - International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 1st edition. International Trust for zoological Nomenclature, London, xviii + 176 p.
3. ANONYMOUS [INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE] 1999. - International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4th edition. International Trust for zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 p.
4. AGASSIZ L. 1846. - Nomenclatoris zoologici index universalis. Jent & Gassmann, Soloduri, vii + 393 p.
5. AHRENDT L. W. A. 1961. - Berberis and Mahonia. A taxonomic revision. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 57 (369): 1-410.
6. ALONSO-ZARAZAGA M. A. 2005. - Nomenclature of higher taxa: a new approach. Bulletin of zoological Nomenclature 62 (4): 189-199.
7. ASHLOCK P. D. 1971. - Monophyly and associated terms. Systematic Zoology 20: 63-69.
8. ASHLOCK P. D. 1984. - Monophyly: its meaning and importance, in DUNCAN T. & STUESSY T. F. (eds), Cladistics: Perspectives on the Reconstruction of Evolutionary History. Columbia University Press, New York: 39-46.
9. AVISE J. C. & JOHNS G. C. 1999. - Proposal for a standardized temporal scheme of biological classification for extant species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 96: 7358-7363.
10. AX P. 1984. - Das phylogenetische System. Systematisierung der lebenden Natur aufgrund ihrer Phylogenese. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart; New York, 349 p. (not seen).
11. BATSCH A. J. G. C. 1788. - Versuch einer Anleitung, zur Kenntniss und Geschichte der Thiere und Mineralien. Erster Theil. Akademischen Buchhandlung, Jena, viii + 528 p., 5 pls.
12. BEARD K. C. 1993. - Phylogenetic systematics of the Primatomorpha, with special reference to Dermoptera, in SZALAY F. S., NOVACEK M. J. & MCKENNA M. C. (eds), Mammal Phylogeny: Placentals. Springer-Verlag, New York: 129-150.
13. BEATTY J. A. & BLACKWELDER R. E. 1974. - Names of Invertebrate phyla. Systematic Zoology 23: 545-547.
14. BERG L. S. 1932. - Ryby presnykh vod SSSR i sopredel'nykh stran [= Les poissons des eaux douces de l'URSS et des pays limitrophes]. Ed. 3, part 1. All-Union Institute for Lake and River Fisheries, Leningrad, [ii] + 543 p. (in Russian).
15. BERNARDI G. 1956. - Contribution à l'étude des catégories taxonomiques. I. Avant-propos, nomenclature et définitions. Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 61 (9-10): 194-200.
16. BERNARDI G. 1957. - Contribution à l'étude des catégories taxonomiques. II. Les Règles internationales de la nomenclature zoologique et la notation des catégories taxonomiques. Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 62 (9-10): 224-250.
17. BERNARDI G. 1980. - Les catégories taxonomiques de la systématique évolutive, in BOCQUET C., GÉNERMONT J. & LAMOTTE M. (eds), Les problèmes de l'espèce dans le règne animal, 3. Mémoires de la Société zoologique de France 40: 373-425.
18. BEY-BIYENKO G. Y. 1962. - On the general classification of insects. Entomological Review 41 (1): 3-10.
19. BLACKWELDER R. E. 1967. - Taxonomy: a Text and Reference Book. John Wiley & Sons, New York, xv + 698 p.
20. BONAPARTE C. L. 1832. - Saggio di una distribuzione metodica degli animali vertebrati a sangue freddo. Presso Antonio Boulzaler, Roma, 86 p.
21. BONAPARTE C. L. 1845. - Specchio generale dei sistemi erpetologico, anfibiologico ed ittiologico. Luigi di Giacomo Pirola, Milano, 11 p.
22. BÖRNER C. 1904. - Zur Systematik der Hexapoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger 27 (16-17): 511-533.
23. BOSSUYT F. & DUBOIS A. 2001. - A review of the frog genus Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae, Rhacophorinae). Zeylanica 6 (1): 1-112.
24. BOUDREAUX H. B. 1979. - Arthropod Phylogeny with Special Reference to Insects. John Wiley, New York, viii + 320 p.
25. BOUR R. & DUBOIS A. 1984. - Xerobates Agassiz, 1857, synonyme plus ancien de Scaptochelys Bramble, 1982 (Reptilia, Chelonii, Testudinidae). Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 53: 30-32.
26. BOUR R. & DUBOIS A. 1985. - Nomenclature ordinale et familiale des Tortues (Reptilia). Studia geologica salmanticensia, vol. especial 1, Studia palaeocheloniologica, I, Salamanca, Ediciones Universidad: 77-86.
27. BOUR R. & DUBOIS A. 1986. - Nomenclature ordinale et familiale des Tortues (Reptilia). Note complémentaire. Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 55: 87-90.
28. BREMER K. 1985. - Summary of green plant phylogeny and classification. Cladistics 1 (4): 369-385.
29. BRISSON A. D. 1762. - Regnum animale in classes IX distributum, sive synopsis methodica. Theodorum Haack, Leiden, [viii] + 296 p.
30. ère partie. Établissement des ordres. Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société philomathique 2 (35): 81-82.
31. BROTHERS D. J. 1983a. - Nomenclature at the ordinal and higher levels. Systematic Zoology 32 (1): 34-42.
32. BROTHERS D. J. 1983b. - Comments on Rasnitsyn's proposal to regulate the names of taxa above the family group. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 40 (2): 72-73.
33. BRUMMITT R. K. 1997. - Taxonomy versus cladonomy, a fundamental controversy in biological systematics. Taxon 46 (4): 723-734.
34. CANTINO P. D. 2000. - Phylogenetic nomenclature: addressing some concerns. Taxon 49: 85-93.
35. CANTINO P. D., OLMSTEAD R. G. & WAGSTAFF S. J. 1997. - A comparison of phylogenetic nomenclature with the current system: a botanical case study. Systematic Biology 46 (2): 3313-331.
36. CARROLL R. L., BOSSY K. A., MILNER A. C., ANDREWS S. M. & WELLSTEAD C. F. 1998. - Lepospondyli, in WELLNHOFER P. (ed.), Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie, Teil 1, Part 1. Friedrich Pfeil, München, xii + 216 p.
37. CHESTER BRADLEY J. 1958. - Case No. 35. Draft "Règles" (general editorial questions): question of the use of initial capital letters for the names of categories in the animal kingdom and of the use of hyphens where such names consist of compound words. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15: 703-704.
38. CHITWOOD B. G. 1958. - Document 25/11. The designation of official names for higher taxa of invertebrates. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15: 860-895.
39. CORLISS J. O. 1958. - Document 25/18. Order/class names: problems in the selection of type genera. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15: 1073-1079.
40. CORLISS J. O. 1962. - Taxonomic procedures in classification of protozoa, in AINSWORTH G. C. & SNEATH P. H. A. (eds), Microbial Classification, Twelfth Symposium of the Society for General Microbiology held at the Royal Institution, London, April 1962. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 37-67.
41. CORLISS J. O. 1983. - Consequences of creating new kingdoms of organisms. BioScience 33 (5): 314-318.
42. CRACRAFT J. 1981. - Toward a phylogenetic classification of the recent birds of the world (class Aves). The Auk 98 (4): 681-714.
43. CRANE P. R. & KENRICK P. 1997. - Problems in cladistic classification: higher-level relationships in land plants. Aliso 15 (2): 87-104 (dated 1996, published 1997).
44. CROWSON R. A. 1970. - Classification and Biology. Heinemann, London, ix + 350 p.
45. D'HONDT J. L. 1988. - Remarques sur quelques difficultés et ambiguïtés de la taxinomie et de la systématique zoologiques. Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France 113(1): 5-19.
46. DE BLAINVILLE H. 1816. - Prodrome d'une nouvelle distribution systématique du règne animal. Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société philomathique de Paris, juillet 1816: "105-112" [actually 113-120] + 121-124.
47. DE BLAINVILLE H. 1847. - Sur les principes de la zooclassie ou de la classification des animaux. Roret, Paris, [iii] + 64 p., 1 pl.
48. DE GEER C. 1778. - Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire des insectes. Tome septième. Pierre Hesselberg, Stockholm, xii + 950 p., 49 + 1 pls, 1 tab.
49. DE LA CEPÈDE [B. G. E.] 1788a. - Histoire naturelle des quadrupèdes ovipares et des serpens. Tome premier. Hôtel de Thou, Paris, 60 + 359 p., 12 pls.
50. DE LA CEPÈDE [B. G. E.] 1788b. - Histoire naturelle des quadrupèdes ovipares et des serpens. Tome second. Hôtel de Thou, Paris, [iv] + 464 p., 15 pls.
51. DE QUEIROZ K. 1997. - The Linnaean hierarchy and the evolutionization of taxonomy, with emphasis on the problem of nomenclature. Aliso 15 (2): 125-144 (dated 1996, published 1997).
52. DE QUEIROZ K. & CANTINO P. D. 2001. - Phylogenetic nomenclature and the PhyloCode. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 58 (4): 254-271.
53. DE QUEIROZ K. & GAUTHIER J. 1990. - Phylogeny as a central principle in taxonomy: phylogenetic definitions of taxon names. Systematic Zoology 39 (4): 307-322.
54. DE QUEIROZ K. & GAUTHIER J. 1992. - Phylogenetic taxonomy. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 23: 449-480.
55. DE QUEIROZ K. & GAUTHIER J. 1994. - Toward a phylogenetic system of biological nomenclature. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9: 27-31.
56. DELEUZE G. 1997. - A comme Animal, in L'abécédaire de Gilles Deleuze avec Claire Parnet. Cassette vidéo 1. Vidéo Éditions Montparnasse, Paris.
57. DESMAREST A. 1804. - Tableau méthodique des mammifères, in Tableaux méthodiques d'histoire naturelle, [i] + 1-238,
58. in Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle. Tome 24. Deterville, Paris: 5-38.
59. DEUVE T. 1994. - Une classification du genre Carabus. Bibliothèque entomologique, SciencesNat, Venette 5: 1-296.
60. DEUVE T. 2004. - Illustrated Catalogue of the Genus Carabus of the World (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Pensoft, Sofia; Moscow, Series faunistica 34: i-x + 1-461.
61. DUBOIS A. 1984. - La nomenclature supragénérique des Amphibiens Anoures. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (A) 131: 1-64.
62. DUBOIS A. 1985. - Miscellanea nomenclatorica batrachologica (VII). Alytes 4 (2): 61-78.
63. DUBOIS A. 1986. - A propos de l'emploi controversé du terme «monophylétique»: nouvelles propositions. Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 55: 248-254.
64. DUBOIS A. 1987a. - Miscellanea taxinomica batrachologica (I). Alytes 5 (1-2): 7-95.
65. DUBOIS A. 1987b. - Living amphibians of the world: a first step towards a comprehensive checklist. Alytes 5 (3): 99-149.
66. DUBOIS A. 1987c. - Again on the nomenclature of frogs. Alytes 6 (1-2): 27-55.
67. DUBOIS A. 1988. - The genus in zoology: a contribution to the theory of evolutionary systematics. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (A) 140: 1-123.
68. DUBOIS A. 1991. - Nomenclature of parthenogenetic, gynogenetic and "hybridogenetic" vertebrate taxons: new proposals. Alytes 8: 61-74.
69. DUBOIS A. 1992. - Notes sur la classification des Ranidae (Amphibiens, Anoures). Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 61 (10): 305-352.
70. DUBOIS A. 1995. - The valid scientific name of the Italian treefrog, with comments on the status of some early scientific names of Amphibia Anura, and some articles of the Code concerning secondary homonyms. Dumerilia 2: 55-71.
71. DUBOIS A. 1997a. - Proposals concerning the conditions needed for a name being eligible for conservation, in DUBOIS A. & OHLER A., Early scientific names of Amphibia Anura. I. Introduction. Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (4) 18 (3-4): 317-320.
72. DUBOIS A. 1997b. - An evolutionary biologist's view on the science of biology. Alytes 15 (3): 133-136.
73. DUBOIS A. 1999. - Miscellanea nomenclatorica batrachologica. 19. Notes on the nomenclature of Ranidae and related groups. Alytes 17 (1-2): 81-100.
74. DUBOIS A. 2000. - Synonymies and related lists in zoology: general proposals, with examples in herpetology. Dumerilia 4 (2): 33-98.
75. DUBOIS A. 2003. - The relationships between taxonomy and conservation biology in the century of extinctions. Comptes rendus Biologies 326 (suppl. 1): S9-S21.
76. DUBOIS A. 2004a. - Book review. Amphibians of Nepal: a few words of caution. Alytes 21 (3-4): 174-180.
77. DUBOIS A. 2004b. - The higher nomenclature of recent amphibians. Alytes 22 (1-2): 1-14.
78. DUBOIS A. 2005a. - Propositions pour l'incorporation des nomina de taxons de rang supérieur dans le Code international de nomenclature zoologique. Biosystema 23: 73-96.
79. DUBOIS A. 2005b. - Proposed Rules for the incorporation of nomina of higher-ranked zoological taxa in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 1. Some general questions, concepts and terms of biological nomenclature. Zoosystema 27 (2): 365-426.
80. DUBOIS A. 2005c. - Proposals for the incorporation of nomina of higher-ranked taxa into the Code. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 62 (4): 200-209.
81. DUBOIS A. in prep. - Proposed Rules for the incorporation of nomina of higher-ranked zoological taxa in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 3. A detailed example: the nomina of higher-ranked taxa of recent Amphibia.
82. DUBOIS A. unpublished. - Proposals concerning the nomenclature of higher taxa. Manuscript (7 pages) submitted to Philip Tubbs, Secretary of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (London), on 11 October 1995, but never published in the Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature.
83. DUBOIS A. & OHLER A. 1995. - Frogs of the subgenus Pelophylax (Amphibia, Anura, genus Rana): a catalogue of available and valid scientific names, with comments on name-bearing types, complete synonymies, proposed common names, and maps showing all type localities. Zoologica Poloniae 39 (3-4): 139-204 (dated 1994, published 1995).
84. DUBOIS A. & OHLER A. 1997. - Early scientific names of Amphibia Anura. I. Introduction. Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (4) 18 (3-4): 297-320.
85. DUBOIS A. & OHLER A. 1999. - Asian and Oriental toads of the Bufo melanostictus, Bufo scaber and Bufo stejnegeri groups (Amphibia, Anura): a list of available and valid names and redescription of some name-bearing types. Journal of South Asian Natural History 4 (2): 133-180.
86. DUMÉRIL A. M. C. 1806. - Zoologie analytique, ou méthode naturelle de classification des animaux, rendue plus facile à l'aide de tableaux synoptiques. Paris, Allais, xxxiii + 544 p.
87. DUMÉRIL A.-M.-C. & BIBRON G. 1841. - Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des Reptiles. Tome 8. Paris, Roret, vii + 792 p.
88. DUPUIS C. 1988. - Le taxinomiste face aux catégories. Cahiers des Naturalistes, Bulletin des Naturalistes parisiens (n.s.) 44 (3-4): 49-109.
89. ECK S. 1977. - Die Entwicklung superspezifischer Begriffe in der zoologischen Taxonomie seit der Jahrhundertwende. Biologische Rundschau 15 (4): 98-103.
90. FARRIS J. S. 1976. - Phylogenetic classification of fossils with recent species. Systematic Zoology 25 (3): 271-282.
91. FELLER A. E. & HEDGES S. B. 1998. - Molecular evidence for the early history of living amphibians. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 9 (3): 509-516.
92. FERRIS G. F. 1928. - The principles of systematic entomology. Stanford University Publications, University Series, Biological Sciences 5 (3): 101-169.
93. FILGUEIRAS T. S. 1997. - In defense of Latin for describing new taxa. Taxon 46 (4): 747-749.
94. FITZINGER L. I. 1826. - Neue Classification der Reptilien. Heubner, Wien, viii + 66 p., 1 tab.
95. FITZINGER L. I. 1843. - Systema Reptilium. Fasc. 1. Amblyglossae. Braumüller & Seidel, Vindobonae, 106 + ix p.
96. FOSBERG F. R. 1964. - Do we want a Code or a Committee? Taxon 13: 177-178.
97. FÜRBRINGER M. 1888. - Untersuchungen zur Morphologie und Systematik der Vögel. Vol. 1-2. Von Halkema, Amsterdam, 1751 p. (not seen).
98. GADOW H. 1893. - Vögel. II. Systematischer Theil, in Bronn's Klassen und Ordungen des Thier-Reichs 6 (4). C. F. Winter, Leipzig, 303 p. (not seen).
99. GAFFNEY E. S. 1975. - A phylogeny and classification of the higher categories of turtles. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 155 (5): 387-436.
100. GAFFNEY E. S. & MEYLAN P. A. 1988. - A phylogeny of turtles, in BENTON M. J. (ed.), The Phylogeny and Classification of Tetrapods. Clarendon Press, Oxford: 157-219.
101. GARDINER B. G. 1982. - Tetrapod classification. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 74: 207-232.
102. GARROD A. H. 1874. - On certain muscles of birds and their value in classification. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1874: 111-123, pl. 17.
103. GÉNERMONT J. & LAMOTTE M. 1980. - Le concept biologique de l'espèce dans la zoologie contemporaine, in BOCQUET C., GÉNERMONT J. & LAMOTTE M. (eds), Les problèmes de l'espèce dans le règne animal, 3. Mémoires de la Société zoologique de France 40: 427-452.
104. GHISELIN M. T. 1977. - On changing the names of higher taxa. Systematic Zoology 26 (3): 346-349.
105. GIEBEL C. G. 1846. - Paläozoologie. Entwurf einer systematischen Darstellung der Fauna der Vorwelt. Nulandt, Merselburg, viii + 360 p.
106. GOEZE J. A. E. & DONNDORFF J. A. 1797. - Europäische Fauna oder Naturgeschichte des europäischen Thiere. Weidmann, Leipzig, xii + 892 p.
107. GOLDFUSS G. A. 1820. - Handbuch der Zoologie. Dritter Theil, zweite Abtheilung. Johann Leonhard Schrag, Nürnberg, xxiv + 512 p., pls 3-4.
108. GRAVENHORST J. L. C. 1843. - Vergleichende Zoologie. Graß, Barth & Co., Breslau, xx + 687 p., 12 pls.
109. GRAY J. E. 1842. - The Northern Zoological Gallery, in Synopsis of the Contents of the British Museum. 44th edition. British Museum, London: 97-157.
110. GREUTER W., MCNEILL J., BARRIE F. R., BURDET H. M., DEMOULIN V., FILGUEIRAS T. S., NICOLSON D. H., SILVA P. C., SKOG J. E., TREHANE P., TURLAND N. J. & HAWKSWORTH D. L. (eds) 2000. - International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Saint Louis Code) Adopted by the Sixteenth International Botanical Congress, St. Louis, Missouri, July-August 1999. Koeltz, Königstein, xviii + 474 p.
111. GRIFFITHS G. C. D. 1972. - The phylogenetic classification of Diptera Cyclorrhapha with special reference to the structure of the male postabdomen. Series Entomologica, The Hague, Junk, 8: i-iii + 1-340.
112. GRIFFITHS G. C. D. 1976. - The future of Linnaean nomenclature. Systematic Zoology 25 (2): 168-173.
113. GROBBEN K. 1909. - Die systematische Einteilung des Tierreiches. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 58 (10): 491-511 (dated 1908, published 1909).
114. GÜNTHER A. 1859. - Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the Collection of the British Museum. Taylor & Francis, London, xvi + 160 p., 12 pls (dated 1858, published 1859).
115. HAECKEL E. 1866. - Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. Zweiter Band. Allgemeine Entwickelungsgeschichte der Organismen. Georg Kramer, Berlin, clx + 462 p., 8 pls.
116. HAECKEL E. 1868. - Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. Reimer, Berlin, xvi + 568 p., front + 8 pls + p. 204 b-c.
117. HAECKEL E. 1902. - Natürliche Schöpfungs-Geschichte. Zehnte verbesserte Auflage. Zweiter Theil. Allgemeine Stammes-Geschichte (Phylogenie und Anthropogenie). Reimer, Berlin: [i-v] + 371-832, pls 4-30.
118. HAFFER J. 1986. - Superspecies and species limits in vertebrates. Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik- und Evolutionsforschung 24: 169-190.
119. HANDLIRSCH A. 1904. - Zur Systematik der Hexapoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger 27 (23-24): 733-759.
120. HASZPRUNAR G. 1985. - The Heterobranchia - a new concept of the phylogeny of the higher Gastropoda. Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik- und Evolutionsforschung 23: 15-37.
121. HASZPRUNAR G. 1986. - Die Klado-evolutionäre Klassifikation - Versuch einer Synthese. Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik- und Evolutionsforschung 24: 89-109.
122. HEMMING F. (ed.) 1953. - Copenhagen Decisions on Zoological Nomenclature. Additions to, and Modifications of, the Règles internationales de la nomenclature zoologique; Approved and Adopted by the Fourteenth International Congress of Zoology, Copenhagen, August, 1953. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxxi + 135 p.
123. HEMMING F. 1958a. - Document 5/1. Experience gained since the Copenhagen Congress of 1953 in applying the priority principle to family-group names with recommendations designed to facilitate the application of that principle in this field. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15 (7-8): 187-193.
124. HEMMING F. 1958b. - Document 25/1. Problems involved in the stabilisation of the names for orders, classes and taxa of higher ranks. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15 (16-17): 489-496.
125. HENNIG W. 1950. - Grundzüge einer Theorie der phylogenetischen Systematik. Deutscher Zentralverlag, Berlin, [vii] + 370 p.
126. HITCHCOCK A. S. 1905. - Nomenclatorial type specimens of plant species. Science 21: 828-832.
127. HOGG J. 1841. - On the existence of branchiae in the young caeciliae; and on a modification and extension of the branchial classification of the Amphibia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (1) 7: 353-363.
128. HONIGBERG B. M., BALAMUTH W., BOVEE E. C., CORLISS J. O., GOJDICS M., HALL R. P., KUDO R. R., LEVINE N. D., LOEBLICH A. R. JR., WEISER J. & WENRICH D. H. 1964. - A revised classification of the phylum Protozoa. Journal of Protozoology 11: 7-20.
129. HU J.-H. 1965. - The major groups of living beings: a new classification. Taxon 14: 254-261.
130. HUBBS C. L. 1952. - On uniform group endings. Systematic Zoology 1 (4): 146-147.
131. HUENE F. 1952. - Die Saurierwelt und ihre geschichtlichen Zusammenhänge. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 64 p. (not seen).
132. HUXLEY T. H. 1867. - On the classification of birds; and on the taxonomic value of the modifications of certain of the cranial bones observable in that class. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867: 415-472.
133. JAMIESON B. G. M. 1988. - On the phylogeny and higher classification of the Oligochaeta. Cladistics 4: 367-410.
134. JEFFREY C. 1971. - Thallophytes and kingdoms - a critique. Kew Bulletin 25 (2): 291-299.
135. JEFFREY C. 1982. - Kingdoms, codes and classification. Kew Bulletin 37: 403-416.
136. KÉLER S. VON 1956. - Entomologisches Wörterbuch mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der morphologischen Terminologie. Zweite, durchgesehene Ausgabe. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 679 p., 33 pls.
137. KÉLER S. VON 1963. - Entomologisches Wörterbuch mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der morphologischen Terminologie. Dritte Ausgabe. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, xvi + 840 p. (not seen).
138. KEVAN D. K. M. 1977. - The higher classification of the orthopteroid insects: a general view. Memoirs of the Lyman Entomological Museum and Research Laboratory 4: 1-31 (not seen).
139. KLUGE N. J. 2000. - Sovremennaya sistematika nasekomyh [= Modern Systematic of Insects]. Part 1. Lan, Saint Petersburg, 333 (in Russian; original not seen, quoted from http://www.bio.pu.ru/win/entomol/ KLUGE/zoo-name.htm).
140. KRON K. A. 1997. - Exploring alternative systems of classification. Aliso 15 (2): 105-112 (dated 1996, published 1997).
141. KUHN O. 1960. - Amphibia. Supplementum I ad Partes 61 et 84, in QUENSTEDT W. (ed.), Fossilium Catalogus, I, Animalia, 97. W. Junk,'s Gravenhage, 164 p.
142. KUHN O. 1965. - Die Amphibien. Oeben, Krailling bei München, 102 p.
143. KUHN O. 1967. - Amphibien und Reptilien. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, vii + 124 p.
144. LATREILLE P. A. 1800. - Histoire naturelle des salamandres de France, précédée d'un tableau méthodique des autres reptiles. Villier, Paris, xlvii + 63 p., 6 pls.
145. LATREILLE P. A. 1804a. - Tableau méthodique des reptiles, in Tableaux méthodiques d'histoire naturelle, [i] + 1-238,
146. in Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle. Tome 24. Deterville, Paris: 61-70.
147. LATREILLE P. A. 1804b. - Tableau méthodique des poissons, in Tableaux méthodiques d'histoire naturelle, [i] + 1-238,
148. in Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle, Tome 24. Deterville, Paris: 71-105.
149. LATREILLE P. A. 1825. - Familles naturelles du règne animal. Baillière, Paris, [v] + 570 p.
150. LAURIN M. 1998. - The importance of global parsimony and historical bias in understanding tetrapod evolution. Part 1. Systematics, middle ear evolution and jaw suspension. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie (13) 19: 1-42.
151. LAURIN M. 2001. - L'utilisation de la taxonomie phylogéné tique en paléontologie: avantages et inconvénients. Biosystema 19: 197-211.
152. LAURIN M. 2002. - Tetrapod phylogeny, amphibian origins, and the definition of the name Tetrapoda. Systematic Biology 51 (2): 364-369.
153. LAURIN M. & REISZ R. R. 1997. - A new perspective on tetrapod phylogeny, in SUMIDA S. & MARTIN K. (eds), Amniote Origins. Academic Press, London: 9-59.
154. LAURIN M. & REISZ R. R. 1999. - A new study of Solenodonsaurus janenschi, and a reconsideration of amniote origins and stegocephalian evolution. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 36: 1239-1255.
155. LECOINTRE G. & LE GUYADER H. 2001. - Classification phylogénétique du vivant. Belin, Paris, 543 + [xxx] p.
156. LEVINE N. D. 1958. - Uniform endings for the names of higher taxa. Systematic Zoology 7 (3): 134-135.
157. LEVINE N. D., CORLISS J. O., COX F. E. G., DEROUX G., GRAIN J., HONIGSBERG B. M., LEEDALE G. F., LOEBLICH A. R., LOM J., LYNN D., MERINFELD E. G., PAGE F. C., POLJANSKY F., SPRAGUE V., VAVRA J. & WALLACE F. G. 1980. - A newly revised classification of Protozoa. Journal of Protozoology 27: 377-58.
158. LINNAEUS C. 1758. - Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Tomus I. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, [iv] + 824 p.
159. LINSLEY E. G. & USINGER R. L. 1959. - Linnaeus and the development of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Systematic Zoology 8 (1): 39-47.
160. MACE G. M. 2004. - The role of taxonomy in species conservation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (B) 359: 711-719.
161. MARGULIS L. 1974. - Five kingdom classification and the origin and evolution of cells. Evolutionary Biology 7: 45-78.
162. MARGULIS L. 1976. - The theme (mitotic cell division) and the variations (protists): implications for higher taxa. Taxon 25 (4): 391-403.
163. MAYR E. 1968. - Bryozoa versus Ectoprocta. Systematic Zoology 17 (2): 213-216.
164. MAYR E. 1981. - Biological classification: toward a synthesis of opposing methodologies. Science 214: 510-516.
165. MAYR E. 1995. - Systems of ordering data. Biology and Philosophy 10: 419-434.
166. MAYR E. 1997. - This is Biology. The Science of the Living World. Belknap Press, Cambridge, Mass.; London, xvii + 327 p.
167. MAYR E. & ASHLOCK P. D. 1991. - Principles of Systematic Zoology. 2nd edition. McGraw-Hill, New York, xx + 475 p.
168. MAYR E., LINSLEY E. G. & USINGER R. L. 1953. - Methods and Principles of Systematic Zoology. McGraw-Hill, New York, ix + 328 p.
169. MCKENNA M. C. 1975. - Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Mammalia, in LUCKETT W. P. & SZALAY F. S. (eds), Phylogeny of the Primates. Plenum, New York: 21-46 (not seen).
170. MELVILLE R. V. 1958a. - Case No. 59. Draft "Règles", Article 12: question whether the category "superfamily" should be treated as belonging to the family-group or to the order-group and of the categories with which it should be treated as co-ordinate. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15 (31-33): 1034-1039.
171. MELVILLE R. V. 1958b. - Case No. 63. Draft "Règles", Article 24: the question of homonymy between names at different taxonomic levels. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15 (34-36): 1093-1096.
172. MELVILLE R. V. & DURHAM J. W. 1958. - Document 25/2. Questions relating to order/class group nomenclature in the class Echinoidea. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15 (16-17): 497-519.
173. MEYLAN P. A. 1996. - Morphology and relationships of the early Cretaceous side-necked turtle, Araripemys barretoi (Testudines: Pelomedusoides: Araripemydidae) from the Santana formation of Brazil. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16: 20-33 (not seen).
174. MILNER A. R. 1988. - The relationships and origin of living amphibians, in BENTON M. J. (ed.), The phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods. Clarendon Press, Oxford: 59-102.
175. MINELLI A. 1993. - Biological Systematics: the State of the Art. Chapman & Hall, London, xvi + 387 p.
176. MIVART G. 1869. - On the classification of the anurous batrachians. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1869: 280-295.
177. MÖHN E. 1984. - System und Phylogenie der Lebewesen. Band 1. Physikalische, chemische und biologische Evolution. Prokaryonta. Eukaronta (bis Ctenophora). E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart (not seen).
178. MOMENT G. B. 1953. - Uniform endings and the revival of interest in taxonomy. Systematic Zoology 2 (4): 191-192.
179. MOORE G. 1998. - A comparison of traditional and phylogenetic nomenclature. Taxon 47 (3): 561-579.
180. MOORE R. C. & SYLVESTER-BRADLEY P. C. 1957. - Suggested new article: proposed recognition of the concept "parataxon" and the provision of rules for the nomenclature of units of this category. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 15: 5-13.
181. NEAVE S. A (ed.) 1939. - Nomenclator zoologicus. Vol. I. A-C. Zoological Society of London, London, xiv + 957 p.
182. NELSON G. J. 1969. - Gill arches and the phylogeny of fishes, with notes on the classification of vertebrates. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 141 (4): 475-552, pls 79-92.
183. NICHOLSON H. A. & LYDEKKER R. 1889. - A Manual of Palaeontology for the Use of Students with a General Introduction on the Principles of Palaeontology. 3rd edition. Vol. 1-2. William Blackwood & Sons, Edinburgh; London: vol. 1, i-xviii + 1-885; vol. 2, i-xi + 887-1624.
184. OKEN [L.] 1811. - Lehrbuch der Naturphilosophie. Dritter Theil. Drittes, letztes Stück. Friedrich Frommann, Jena, xxiv + 375 p.
185. OKEN [L.] 1815. - Lehrbuch der Naturphilosophie. Dritter Theil. Zoologie. Erste Abtheilung. Fleischlose Thiere. August Schmid, Jena, [viii] + xxviii + 850 + xviii p.
186. OKEN [L.] 1821a. - Esquisse du système d'anatomie, de physiologie et d'histoire naturelle. Béchet Jeune, Paris, 62 p.
187. OKEN [L.] 1821b. - Naturgeschichte für Schulen. Brockhaus, Leipzig, xxxvii + 1004 p., 4 pls.
188. OKEN [L.] 1831. - Lehrbuch der Naturphilosophie. Zweyte umgearbeitete Auflage. Friedrich Frommann, Jena, x + 502 p.
189. OKEN [L.] 1833. - Allgemeine Naturgeschichte für alle Stände. Vierter Band. Thierreich, erster Band. Carl Hoffmann, Stuttgart, iv + 617 p., 1 pl.
190. OKEN [L.] 1836. - Allgemeine Naturgeschichte für alle Stände. Sechster Band. Thierreich, dritter Band. Hoffmann, Stuttgart, [i] + 698 + v p.
191. OKEN [L.] 1843. - Lehrbuch der Naturphilosophie. Dritte, neu bearbeitete Auflage. Friedrich Schulthess, Zürich, xii + 524 p.
192. OPPEL M. 1811a. - Ordre II. Reptiles à écailles. Section II. Ophidiens. Annales du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle 16: 254-295.
193. er mémoire sur la classification des Reptiles. Annales du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle 16: 376-393.
194. OPPEL M. 1811c. - Second mémoire sur la classification des Reptiles. Annales du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle 16: 394-418.
195. OPPEL M. 1811d. - Sur la classification des Reptiles. Muséum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, i + 84 p.
196. OPPEL M. 1811e. - Sur la classification des Reptiles. Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société philomatique 2 (46): 301-306.
197. OPPEL M. 1811f. - Die Ordnungen, Familien und Gattungen der Reptilien als Prodrom einer Naturgeschichte derselben. Lindauer, München, xii + 87 p.
198. PANCHEN A. L. 1991. - The early tetrapods: classification and the shapes of cladograms, in SCHULTZE H.-P. & TRUEB L. (eds), Origins of the Higher Groups of Tetrapods: Controversy and Consensus. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York: 110-144.
199. PAPAVERO N., LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS J. & ABE J. M. 2001. - Proposal of a new system of nomenclature for phylogenetic systematics. Arquivos de Zoologia, São Paulo 36: 1-145.
200. PEARSE A. S. (ed.) 1936. - Zoological Names. A List of Phyla, Classes, and Orders. Prepared for Section F of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Duke University Press, Durham, North Carolina, 24 p. (not seen).
201. PETRUNKEVITCH A. 1952. - Principles of classification as illustrated by
202. PLATNICK N. I. 1977. - The hypochiloid spiders: a cladistic analysis, with notes on the Atypoidea (Arachnida, Araneae). American Museum Novitates 2627: 1-23.
203. PLEIJEL F. & ROUSE G. W. 2000. - Least-inclusive taxonomic unit: a new taxonomic concept for biology. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (B) 267: 627-630.
204. PLEIJEL F. & ROUSE G. W. 2003. - Ceci n'est pas une pipe: names, clades and phylogenetic nomenclature. Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Research 41: 162-174.
205. POCHE F. 1911. - Die Klassen und höheren Gruppen des Thierreichs. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 77 (1, Supplementheft 1): 63-136.
206. QUICKE D. L. J. 1993. - Principles and Techniques of Contemporary Taxonomy. Chapman & Hall, London, xii + 311 p.
207. RAFINESQUE C. S. 1815. - Analyse de la nature ou Tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. Jean Barravecchia, Palerme, 124 p., 1 pl.
208. RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ C. S. 18l4a. - O quadro del metodo sinottico di somiologia. Specchio delle Scienze o Giornale enciclopedico di Sicilia 1 (1): 11-15.
209. RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ C. S. 1814b. - Principes fondamentaux de somiologie, ou les loix de la nomenclature et de la classification de l'empire organique, ou des animaux et des végétaux, contenant les règles essentielles de l'art de leur imposer des noms immuables et de les classer méthodiquement. Franc. Abate, Palerme, 52 p.
210. RASNITSYN A. 1982. - Proposal to regulate the names of taxa above the family group. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39 (3): 200-207.
211. RASNITSYN A. P. & QUICKE D. L. J. (ed.) 2002. - History of Insects. Kluwer, Dordrecht, x + 517 p.
212. RODENDORF B. B. 1977a. - O ratsionalizatsii nazvanyi taksonov visokogo ranga v zoologii. Paleontologicheskij Zhurnal 1977 (2): 14-22 (in Russian).
213. RODENDORF B. B. 1977b. - The rationalization of names of higher taxa in zoology. Paleontological Journal 11 (2): 149-155 (English translation of Rodendorf 1977a).
214. ROGERS D. J. 1952. - On uniform endings. Systematic Zoology 1 (4): 147-148.
215. ROMER A. S. 1950. - The Vertebrate Body. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia; London, viii + 643 p.
216. RUSSELL B. 1953. - The cult of "common usage". British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 3 (12): 303-307.
217. SAVAGE J. M. 1986. - Review of Dubois (1984). Copeia 1986: 259-262.
218. SCHAEFER W. W. 1976. - The reality of the higher taxonomic categories. Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik und Evolutions-Forschung 14: 1-10.
219. SCHLEICH H. H. & KÄSTLE W. (eds) 2002. - Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal. A. R. G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggell, x + 1201 p.
220. SCHÖPF J. M. 1960. - Emphasis on holotype (?). Science 131 (3406): 1043.
221. SCHULTZE M. 1851. - Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Turbellarien. Abt. 1. C. A. Koch, Greifswald, 77 p., 7 pls (not seen).
222. SCOPOLI I. A. 1777. - Introductio ad historiam naturalem, sistens genera lapidum, plantarum, edt animalium hactenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata, in tribus divisa, subinde ad leges naturae. Gerle, Pragae, [x] + 506 + xxxvi p.
223. SHAFFER H. B., MEYLAN P. & MCKNIGHT M. L. 1997. - Tests of turtle phylogeny: molecular, morphological, and paleontological approaches. Systematic Biology 46 (2): 235-268.
224. SHIPLEY A. E. 1904. - The orders of insects. Zoologischer Anzeiger 27 (7-8): 259-262.
225. SIBLEY C. G. & AHLQUIST J. E. 1990. - Phylogeny and Classification of Birds. Yale University Press, New Haven; London, xxiii + 976 p.
226. SIMPSON G. G. 1940. - Types in modern taxonomy. American Journal of Science 238: 413-431.
227. SIMPSON G. G. 1952. - For and against uniform endings in zoological nomenclature. Systematic Zoology 1 (1): 20-23.
228. SIMPSON G. G. 1961. - Principles of Animal Taxonomy. Columbia University Press, New York, xii + 247 p.
229. SMITH H. M. & PEREZ-HIGAREDA G. 1986. - Nomenclatural name-forms. Systematic Zoology 35: 421-422.
230. SONNINI C. S. & LATREILLE P. A. 1801a. - Histoire naturelle des reptiles. Tome 2. Deterville, Paris, [iii] + 332 p., 19 pls.
231. SONNINI C. S. & LATREILLE P. A. 1801b. - Histoire naturelle des reptiles. Tome 4. Seconde partie. Serpens. Deterville, Paris, [iii] + 410 p., 14 pls.
232. SPRAGUE V. 1966. - Suggested changes in "A revised classification of the phylum Protozoa", with particular reference to the position of the Haplosporidans. Systematic Zoology 15 (4): 345-349.
233. STANNIUS H. 1856. - Handbuch der Anatomie der Wirbelthiere. 2. Zootomie der Amphibien, in VON SIEBOLD C. T. & STANNIUS H. (eds), Handbuch der Zootomie. Vol. 1. Veit & Comp., Berlin, vi + 270 p.
234. STAROBOGATOV Y. I. 1984. - O problemakh nomenklatury vysshikh taksonomicheskikh kategoriy, in TATARINOV L. P. & SHIMANSKIY V. N. (eds), Spravochnik po sistematike iskopayemykh organbizmov (taksony otryadnoy i vyshchikh grupp). Izdatel'svo Nauka, Moscow: 174-187 (in Russian; not seen; quoted after Starobogatov 1991).
235. STAROBOGATOV Y. I. 1991. - Problems in the nomenclature of higher taxonomic categories. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 48 (1): 6-18 (English translation of Starobogatov 1984).
236. STEJNEGER L. 1907. - Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 58: i-xx + 1-577, 35 pls.
237. STENZEL H. B. 1950. - Proposed uniform endings for names of higher categories in zoological systematics. Science 112: 94.
238. STEVENS P. F. 2002. - Why do we name organisms? Some reminders of the past. Taxon 51: 11-26.
239. ŠTYS P. & KERZHNER I. 1975. - The rank and nomenclature of higher taxa in recent Heteroptera. Acta entomologica bohemoslovaca 72 (2): 65-79.
240. SUNDEVALL C. J. 1872. - Methodi naturalis avium disponendarum tentamen. Samson & Wallin, Stockholm (not seen).
241. SWAINSON W. 1835. - A treatise on the geography and classification of animals, in LARDNER D. (ed.), The Cabinet Cyclopaedia. Longman et al., London, vii + 368 p.
242. SZALAY F. S. 1993. - Metatherian taxon phylogeny: evidence and interpretation from the cranioskeletal system, in SZALAY F. S., NOVACEK M. J. & MCKENNA M. C. (ed.), Mammal Phylogeny: Mesozoic Differentiation, Multituberculates, Monotremes, Early Therians, and Marsupials. Springer-Verlag, New York: 216-242.
243. TEICHERT C. 1965. - Taxonomy in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Systematic Zoology 14: 133-138.
244. TRUEB L. & CLOUTIER R. 1991. - A phylogenetic investigation of the inter- and intrarelationships of the Lissamphibia (Amphibia: Temnospondyli), in SCHULTZE H.-P. & TRUEB L. (ed.), Origins of the Higher Groups of Tetrapods: Controversy and Consensus. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York: 223-313.
245. TUDGE C. 2000. - The Variety of Life. Oxford University Press, Oxford, xv + 684 p.
246. UNDERWOOD L. M. 1899. - A review of the genera of ferns proposed prior to 1832. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 6 (4): 247-283.
247. VAN DER HOEVEN J. 1828. - Handboek der Dierkunde, of grondbeginsels der natuurlijke geschiedenis van het dierenrijk. J. Allart, Rotterdam, x + vi + viii + 447 p.
248. VAN DER HOEVEN J. 1833. - Handboek der Dierkunde, of grondbeginsels der natuurlijke geschiedenis van het dierenrijk. Tweeden deels. Sulpke, Amsterdam, [v] + ii + x + v + 698 p.
249. VENCES M. & GLAW F. 2001. - When molecules claim for taxonomic changes: new proposals on the classification of Old World treefrogs. Spixiana 24: 85-92.
250. VUILLEUMIER F. 1976. - La notion d'espèce en ornithologie, in BOCQUET C., GÉNERMONT J. & LAMOTTE M. (eds), Les problèmes de l'espèce dans le règne animal, 1. Mémoires de la Société zoologique de France 38: 29-65.
251. WAGLER J. 1830. - Natürliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Säugethiere und Vögel. Cotta, München; Stuttgart; Tübingen, vi + 354 p.
252. WHITEHEAD P. J. P. 1972. - The contradiction between nomenclature and taxonomy. Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 215-224.
253. WHITTAKER R. H. 1969. - New concepts of kingdoms of organisms. Science 163: 150-160.
254. WIEGMANN A. F. A. & RUTHE J. F. 1832. - Handbuch der Zoologie. C. G. Lüderik, Berlin, vi + 622 p.
255. WILBRAND J. B. 1814. - Ueber die Classification der Thiere. Taeché, Giesen, viii + 147 p., 1 tab.
256. WILBRAND J. B. 1829. - Handbuch der Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs. Georg Friedrich Heyer, Giessen, viii + 612 p., 1 tab.
257. WILEY E. O. 1979. - An annotated Linnaean hierarchy, with comments on natural taxa and competing systems. Systematic System 28: 308-337.
258. WILEY E. O. 1981. - Phylogenetics. The Theory and Practice of Phylogenetic Systematics. Wiley, New York, xv + 439 p.
259. YOCHELSON E. L. 1971. - Phylum and class nomenclature in systematics. Systematic Zoology 20 (2): 245-249.
260. ZINK R. M. 2004. - The role of subspecies in obscuring avian biological diversity and misleading conservation policy. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (B) 359: 561-564.
261. ZITTEL K. A. 1887-1890. - Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I Abtheilung. Palaeozoologie. III Band. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves). R. Oldenbourg, München; Leipzig, i-xii + 1-256 (1887) + 257-436 (1888) + 437-632 (1889) + 633-900 (1890).
262. ZITTEL K. A. 1911. - Grundzüge der Paläontologie (Paläozoologie). Neubearbeitet von F. Broili, E. Koken & M. Schlosser. II Abteilung. Vertebrata. R Oldenbourg, München; Berlin, vii + 600 p.