The decision to join special olympics: Parents' perspectives

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly

Volumn 23, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 163-183

  Goodwin, Donna L ^a,b   Fitzpatrick, David A ^c   Thurmeier, Robin ^a   Hall, Carol ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WINNIPEG   (Canada)

^d Patrick Burns Junior High School   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; ARTIFACT; CHILD; CHILD PARENT RELATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DECISION MAKING; EGO DEVELOPMENT; FEMALE; FIELD STUDY; FITNESS; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INDEPENDENCE; INTERVIEW; MALE; MOTOR DEVELOPMENT; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; PARENTAL ATTITUDE; PEER GROUP; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL ISOLATION; SPORTING EVENT;

EID: 33645507901     PISSN: 07365829     EISSN: 15432777     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1123/apaq.23.2.163     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Allen, M.N., & Jensen, L. (1990). Hermeneutic inquiry: Meaning and scope. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 12, 241-253.
2. Block, M.E. (1992). Creating sport opportunities for persons with profound disabilities: Special Olympics Motor Activities Training Program. Palaestra, 9, 43-47.
3. Bogdan, R.C., & Biklen, S.K. (2003). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
4. Brickey, M.P. (1984). Normalizing the Special Olympics. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, 55, 28-29; 75-76.
5. Castagno, K.S. (2001). Special Olympics unified sports: Changes in male athletes during a basketball season. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 18, 193-206.
6. Cresswell, J.W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among the five traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
7. Dattilo, J., & Schleien, S.J. (1994). Understanding leisure services for individuals with mental retardation. Mental Retardation, 32, 53-59.
8. Dykens, E.M., & Cohen, D.J. (1996). Effects of Special Olympics International on social competence in persons with mental retardation. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 223-229.
9. Farrell, R., Crocker, P., McDonough, M H., & Sedgwick, W.A. (2004). The driving force: Motivation in Special Olympians. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 21, 153-166.
10. Field, S., & Hoffman, A. (1999). The importance of family involvement for promoting self-determination in adolescents with autism and other developmental disabilities. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 14, 36-41.
11. Freedman, R. I., Litchfield, L. C., & Warfield, M. E. (1995). Balancing work and family: Perspectives of parents of children with developmental disabilities. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Human Services, 76, 507-514.
12. Gibbons, S.L., & Bushakra, F.B. (1989). Effects of Special Olympics participation on perceived competence and social acceptance of mentally retarded children. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 6, 40-51.
13. Gregg, M.J., Hrycaiko, D., Mactavish, J.B., & Martin, G.L. (2004). A mental skills package for Special Olympics Athletes: A preliminary study. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 21, 4-18.
14. Grigal, M., Neubert, D., Moon, S., & Graham, S. (2003). Self-determination for students with disabilities: Views of parents and teachers. Exceptional Children, 70, 97-112.
15. Harper, D. (2000). Reimaging visual methods. In N.K. Denzin & Y.S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 717-732). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
16. Hourcade, J.J. (1989). Special Olympics: A review and critical analysis. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 23, 58-65.
17. Janesick, V.J. (1994). The dance of qualitative research design: Metaphor, methodolatry, and meaning. In N.K. Denzin & Y.S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 209- 219). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
18. Jobling, A. (2001). Life be in it: Lifestyle choices for active leisure. Down Syndrome Research and Practice, 6, 117-122.
19. Johnson, J.C., & Weller, S.C. (2002). Eliciting techniques for interviewing. In J.F. Gubruim & J.A. Holstein (Eds.), Handbook of interview research: Context and method (pp. 491-514). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
20. Klein, T., Gilman, E., & Zigler, E. (1993). Special Olympics: An evaluation by professionals and parents. Mental Retardation, 1, 15-23.
21. Levy-Schiff, R., Kedem, P., & Sevilla, Z. (1990). Ego identity in mentally retarded adolescents. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 94, 541-549.
22. Lincoln Y.S., & Guba, E.G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
23. Mactavish, J.B., & Schleien, S.J. (1998). Playing together growing together: Parents' perspectives on the benefits of family recreation in families that include children with a developmental disability. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 32, 207-230.
24. Maiano, C., Ninot, G., & Errais, B. (2001). Effects of alternated sport competition in perceived competence for adolescent males with mild to moderate mental retardation. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 24, 51-58.
25. McEvoy, J., O'Mahoney, E., & Tierney, A. (1990). Parental attitudes to friendship and use of leisure by mentally handicapped persons in the community. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 13, 269-271.
26. Meadows, L.M., & Morse, J.M. (2001). Constructing evidence within the qualitative project. In J.M. Morse, J.M. Swanson, & A.J. Kuzel (Eds.), The nature of qualitative evidence (pp. 187-202). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
27. Megginson, N.L., Nakamura, A., & Furst, D.M. (1997). Parental perception of Special Olympics benefits and outcomes. Palaestra, 13(1), 12-14.
28. Modell, S.J., & Imwold, C.H. (1998). Parental attitudes toward inclusive recreation and leisure: A qualitative analysis. Parks and Recreation, 33(5), 88-93.
29. Morse, J.M. (1994). Designing funded qualitative research. In N.K. Denzin & Y.S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 220-235). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
30. Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
31. Ninot, G., Bilard, J., Delignieres, D., & Sokolowski, M. (2000). Effects of integrated sport participation on perceived competence for adolescents with mental retardation. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 17, 208-221.
32. Paterson, K., & Hughes, B. (1999). Disability studies and phenomenology: The carnal politics of everyday life. Disability and Society, 14, 597-610.
33. Patton, M.Q. (2001). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
34. Porretta, D.L., Gillespie, M., & Jansma, P. (1996). Perceptions about Special Olympics from service delivery groups in the U.S.: A preliminary investigation. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 31, 44-54.
35. Porretta, D.L., Moore, W., & Sappenfield, C. (1992). Situational anxiety in Special Olympics athletes. Palaestra, 8(3), 46-50.
36. Rarick, G.L. (1978). Adult reactions to the Special Olympics. In F.L. Smoll & R.E. Smith (Eds.), Psychological perspectives in youth sports (pp. 229-247). Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
37. Riggen, K., & Ulrich, D. (1993). The effects of sport participation on individuals with mental retardation. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 10, 42-51.
38. Rosegard, E., Pegg, S., & Compton, D.M. (2001). Effect of Unified Sport on maladaptive behaviors among Special Olympics athletes. World Leisure Journal, 43(2), 39-48.
39. Ryan, R., & Deci, E. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.
40. Schloss, P.J., Alper, S., & Jayne, D. (1993). Self-determination for persons with disabilities: Choice, risk, and dignity. Exceptional Children, 60, 215-225.
41. Schofield, J.W. (1990). Increasing the generalizability of qualitative research. In E.W. Eisner & A. Peshkin (Eds.), Qualitative inquiry in education (pp. 171-233). New York: Teachers College, Columbia University.
42. Shapiro, D.R. (2003). Participation motives of Special Olympics athletes. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 20, 150-165.
43. Shapiro, D.R., & Dummer, G.M. (1998). Perceived and actual basketball competence of adolescent males with mild mental retardation. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 15, 179-190.
44. Shriver, E.K. (1983). 1983 international summer Special Olympics games. Journal of Rehabilitation, 49(2), 8-12.
45. Special Olympics International Mission Statement. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2005, from http://www.specialolympics.org/ Special+Olympics+Public+Website/English/About_Us/Mission_Vision/default.htm
46. Storey, K., Stern, R., & Parker, R. (1990). A comparison of attitudes towards typical recreational activities versus the Special Olympics. Education and Training in Mental Retardation, 25, 94-9.
47. van Manen, M. (1997). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. London, ON: Althouse Press.
48. Wall, A.E. (2004). The developmental skill-learning gap hypothesis: Implications for children with movement difficulties. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 21, 197-218.
49. Wehmeyer, M. (1998). Self-determination and individuals with significant disabilities: Examining meanings and misinterpretations. Journal for the Association of Persons with Severe Handicaps, 23, 5-16.
50. Wehmeyer, M.L., Agran, M., & Hughes, C. (1998). Teaching self-determination to students with disabilities: Basic skills for successful transition. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.
51. Wehmeyer, M.L., Baker, D.J., Blumber, R., & Harrison, R. (2004). Self-determination and student involvement in functional assessment: Innovative practices. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 6, 29-35.
52. Weiss, J., Diamond, T., Demark, J., & Lovald, B. (2003). Involvement in Special Olympics and its relations to self-concept and actual competency in participants with developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 24, 281-305.
53. Wilhite, B., & Kleiber, D.A. (1992). The effect of Special Olympics participation on community integration. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 26(4), 9-20.
54. Wolcott, H.F. (2001). Writing up qualitative research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
55. Wolfensberger, W. (1995). Of "Normalization" lifestyles, the Special Olympics, deinstitutionalization, mainstreaming, integration, and cabbages and kings. Mental Retardation, 33, 128-31.
56. Wright, J., & Cowden, J. (1986). Changes in self-concept and cardiovascular endurance of mentally retarded youths in a Special Olympics swim training program. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 3, 177-183.