Citizens, knowledge, and the information environment

American Journal of Political Science

Volumn 50, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 266-282

  Jerit, Jennifer ^a,d   Barabas, Jason ^b,d   Bolsen, Toby ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

^b HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33645286506     PISSN: 00925853     EISSN: 15405907     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00183.x     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Althaus, Scott L. 2003. Collective Preferences in Democratic Politics: Opinion Surveys and the Will of the People. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2. Alvarez, R. Michael. 1997. Information and Elections. Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan Press.
3. th ed. White Plains: Longman.
4. Bennett, Stephen E. 1988. "'Know-Nothings' Revisited: The Meaning of Political Ignorance Today." Social Science Quarterly 69(June):476-90.
5. Brians, Craig L., and Martin P. Wattenberg. 1996. "Campaign Issue Knowledge and Salience: Comparing Reception from TV Commercials, TV News, and Newspapers." American Journal of Political Science 40(February):172-93.
6. Brodie, Molly Ann, Elizabeth C. Hamel, Drew E. Altman, Robert J. Blendon, and John M. Benson. 2003. "Health News and the American Public, 1996-2002." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 28(October):927-50.
7. Chaffee, Steven, and Stacey Frank. 1996. "How Americans Get Political Information: Print versus Broadcast News." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 546(July):48-58.
8. Cicchetti, Domenic, and Sara S. Sparrow. 1981. "Developing Criteria for Establishing Interrater Reliability of Specific Items: Applications to Assessment of Adaptive Behavior." American Journal of Mental Deficiency 86(2):127-37.
9. Converse, Philip E. 1990. "Popular Representation and the Distribution of Information." In Information and Democratic Processes, ed. John A. Ferejohn and James H. Kuklinski. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, pp. 369-88.
10. Dalton, Russell Paul, A. Beck, and Robert Huckfeldt. 1998. "Partisan Cues and the Media: Information Flows in the 1992 Presidential Election." American Political Science Review 92(March):111-26.
11. Delli Carpini, Michael X., and Scott Keeter. 1991. "Stability and Change in the U.S. Public's Knowledge of Politics." Public Opinion Quarterly 55(Winter):583-612.
12. Delli Carpini, Michael X., and Scott Keeter. 1996. What Americans Know About Politics and Why It Matters. New Haven: Yale University Press.
13. Delli Carpini, Michael X., Scott Keeter, and J. David Kennamer. 1994. "Effects of the News Media Environment on Citizen Knowledge of State Politics and Government." Journalism Quarterly 71(2):443-56.
14. Druckman, James N. 2005. "Media Matter: How Newspapers and Television News Cover Campaigns and Influence Voters." Political Communication 22 (October-December) :463-81.
15. Eveland, William P., and Dietram A. Scheufele. 2000. "Connecting News Media Use with Gaps in Knowledge and Participation." Political Communication 17(July):215-37.
16. Freedman, Paul, Michael Franz, and Kenneth Goldstein. 2004. "Campaign Advertising and Democratic Citizenship." American Journal of Political Science 48(October):723-41.
17. Gaziano, Cecilie. 1983. "The Knowledge Gap: An Analytical Review of Media Effects." Communication Research 10(October):447-86.
18. Gaziano, Cecilie. 1997. "Forecast 2000: Widening Knowledge Gaps." Journal of Mass Communication Quarterly 74(2):237-64.
19. Gilens, Martin. 2001. "Political Ignorance and Collective Policy Preferences." American Political Science Review 95(June):379-96.
20. rd ed. London: Arnold.
21. Gordon, Stacy B., and Gary M. Segura. 1997. "Cross-National Variation in the Political Sophistication of Individuals: Capability or Choice?" Journal of Politics 59 (February): 126-47.
22. Graber, Doris A. 2004. "Mediated Politics and Citizenship in the Twenty-First Century." Annual Review of Psychology 55 (January) :545-71.
23. th ed. Washington: Congressional Quarterly Press.
24. Graber, Doris A. 1994. "Why Voters Fail Information Tests: Can the Hurdles Be Overcome?" Political Communication 11 (Octobcr-December):331-46.
25. th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
26. Hambleton, Ronald K., and Hariharan Swaminathan. 1985. Item Response Theory: Principles and Applications. Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing.
27. Hethcrington, Marc J. 1996. "The Media's Role in Forming Voters' National Economic Evaluations in 1992." American Journal of Political Science 40(May):372-95.
28. Holbrook, Thomas M. 2002. "Presidential Campaigns and the Knowledge Gap." Political Communication 19(October): 437-54.
29. Huckfeldl, Robert. 2001. "The Social Communication of Political Expertise." American Journal of Political Science 45(April):425-38.
30. Hutchings, Vincent. 2001. "Political Context, Issue Salience, and Selective Attentiveness: Constituent Knowledge of the Clarence Thomas Confirmation Vote." Journal of Politics 63 (August):846-68.
31. Hutchings, Vincent L. 2003. Public Opinion and Democratic Accountability. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
32. Iyengar, Shanto. 1990. "Shortcuts to Political Knowledge: The Role of Selective Attention and Accessibility." In Information and Democratic Processes, eds. John A. Ferejohn and James H. Kuklinski. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, pp. 160-85.
33. Just, Marion R., Ann N. Crigler, Dean E. Alger, Timo thy E. Cook, Montague Kern, and Darrell M. West. 1996. Crosstalk: Citizens, Candidates and the Media in a Presidential Campaign. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
34. King, Gary, James Honaker, Anne Joseph, and Kenneth Scheve. 2001. "Analyzing Incomplete Political Science Data." American Political Science Review 95 (March) :49-69.
35. Klcinnijenhuis, Jan. 1991. "Newspaper Complexity and the Knowledge Gap." European Journal of Communication 6 (December) :499-522.
36. Krassa, Michael A. 1990. "Political Information, Social Environments, and Deviants." Political Behavior 12(December):315-30.
37. Krosnick, Jon A., and Laura A. Brannon. 1993. "The Impact of the Gulf War on the Ingredients of Presidential Evaluations: Multidimensional Effects of Political Involvement." American Political Science Review 87(December):963-75.
38. Kuklinski, James H., Paul J. Quirk, Jennifer Jerit, and Robert F. Rich. 2001. "The Political Environment and Citizen Competence." American Journal of Political Science 45 (April):410-24.
39. Kuklinski, James H., Paul J. Quirk, Jennifer Jerit, David Schwieder, and Robert F. Rich. 2000. "Misinformation and the Currency of Citizenship." Journal of Politics 62(August):791-816.
40. Kwak, Nojin. 1999. "Revisiting the Knowledge Gap Hypothesis: Education, Motivation, and Media Use." Communication Research 26(August):385-413.
41. Leighley, Jan E. 2004. Mass Media and Politics: A Social Science Perspective. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
42. Lodge, Milton, Marco R. Steenbergen, and Shawn Brau. 1995. "The Responsive Voter: Campaign Information and the Dynamics of Candidate Evaluation." American Political Science Review 89(June):309-26.
43. Lord, Frederic M., and Mclvin R. Novick. 1968. Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
44. Lupia, Arthur, and Mathew D. McCubbins. 1998. The Democratic Dilemma. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
45. Luskin, Robert C. 1990. "Explaining Political Sophistication." Political Behavior 12(December):331-61.
46. Luskin, Robert C., and John Bullock. 2005. "Don't Know Means Don't Know." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association.
47. McLeod, Jack M., Carl R. Bybee, and Jean A. Durall. 1979. "Equivalence of Informed Political Participation: The 1976 Debates as Source of Information." Communication Research 6(October):463-87.
48. Miyo, Yuko. 1983. "The Knowledge-Gap Hypothesis and Media Dependency." In Communication Yearbook, Part 7, ed. Robert N. Bostrom. London: Sage, pp. 626-50.
49. Mondak, Jeffery J. 2001. "Developing Valid Knowledge Scales." American Journal of Political Science 45 (January):224-38.
50. Mutz, Diana C., and Jeffrey J. Mondak. 2006. "The Workplace as a Context of Cross-Cutting Political Discourse." Journal of Politics 68(February): 140-55.
51. Neuman, W. Russell. 1986. The Paradox of Mass Politics: Knowledge and Opinion in the American Electorate. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
52. Neuman, W. Russell, Marion R. Just, and Ann N. Crigler. 1992. Common Knowledge: News and the Construction of Political Meaning. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
53. Nicholson, Stephen P. 2003. "The Political Environment and Ballot Proposition Awareness." American Journal of Political Science 41 (July):403-10.
54. Pinheiro, Jose C., and Douglas M. Bates. 2000. Mixed-Effects Models in S and S-PLUS. New York: Springer.
55. Postman, Neil. 1985. Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business. New York: Penguin.
56. Price, Vincent, and Edward J. Czilli. 1996. "Modeling Patterns of News Recognition and Recall." Journal of Communication 46(Spring):55-78.
57. Price, Vincent, and John Zaller. 1993. "Who Gets the News? Alternative Measures of News Reception and Their Implications for Research." Public Opinion Quarterly 57(Summer):133-64.
58. Prior, Markus. 2005. "News vs. Entertainment: How Increasing Media Choice Widens Gaps in Political Knowledge and Turnout." American Journal of Political Science 49 (July) :577-92.
59. Rahn, Wendy, Aldrich John, and Borgida Eugene. 1994. "Individual and Contextual Variations in Political Candidate Appraisal." American Political Science Review 88(March):193-99.
60. Rasbash, Jon, William Browne, Harvey Goldstein, Min Yang, Ian Plewis, Michael Healy, Geoff Woodhouse, David Draper, Ian Langford, and Toby Lewis. 2000. "A User's Guide to ML-wiN." London: Multilevel Models Project at the Institute of Education, University of London.
61. nd ed. Newbury Park: Sage.
62. Rhine, Staci L., Stephen Earl Bennett, and Richard S. Flickinger. 2001. "Gaps in Americans' Knowledge about the Bosnian Civil War." American Politics Research 29 (November) :592-607.
63. Robinson, John P., and Mark R. Levy. 1986. The Main Source: Learning from Television News. Beverly Hills: Sage.
64. Schudson, Michael. 1998. The Good Citizen: A History of American Public Life. New York: Free Press.
65. Smith, Mark A. 2002. "Ballot Initiatives and the Democratic Citizen." Journal of Politics 64(August):892-903.
66. Steenbergen, Marco R., and Bradford S. Jones. 2002. "Modeling Multilevel Data Structures." American Journal of Political Science 46(January):218-37.
67. Tichenor, Philip J., George A. Donohue, and Calice N. Olien. 1970. "Mass Media Flow and Differential Growth in Knowledge." Public Opinion Quarterly 34(Summer): 159-70.
68. Zaller, John. 1992. The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
69. Zaller, John. 2003. "A New Standard of News Quality: Burglar Alarms for the Monitorial Citizen." Political Communication 20(April-June):109-30.
70. Zukin, Cliff, and Robin Snyder. 1984. "Passive Learning: When the Media Environment Is the Message." Public Opinion Quarterly 48(Autumn):629-38.