Anorexia-cachexia syndrome in pancreatic cancer: Recent development in research and management

Journal of the Pancreas

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 157-162

  Uomo, Generoso ^a   Gallucci, Fernando ^a   Rabitti, Pier Giorgio ^a  

^a CARDARELLI HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

Anorexia; Cachexia; Cytokines; Docosahexaenoic acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Pancreatic neoplasms; Psychological; Stress; Thalidomide

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; ANTIOXIDANT; ARACHIDONIC ACID; CORTICOSTEROID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FISH OIL; GAMMA INTERFERON; GESTAGEN; IBUPROFEN; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 6; LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR; MEGESTROL ACETATE; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PREDNISONE; THALIDOMIDE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

BLOATING; CANCER ANOREXIA CACHEXIA SYNDROME; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER SURVIVAL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORTICOSTEROID INDUCED MYOPATHY; CORTICOSTEROID INDUCED OSTEOPOROSIS; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG COST; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG MECHANISM; EDITORIAL; ENTERIC FEEDING; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; HORMONAL REGULATION; HUMAN; INFECTION; INTRAVENOUS FEEDING; META ANALYSIS; METABOLIC DISORDER; METABOLIC REGULATION; NAUSEA; NUTRITIONAL DISORDER; NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT; PANCREAS CANCER; PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY; PARENTERAL NUTRITION; PATHOGENESIS; SATIETY; STOMACH EMPTYING; STOMACH PARESIS; SURVIVAL RATE; SURVIVAL TIME;

ANOREXIA; CACHEXIA; HUMANS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS; SYNDROME;

EID: 33644975774     PISSN: 15908577     EISSN: 15908577     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Editorial

References (31)

1. Li D, Xie V, Wolff R, Abbruzzese JL. Pancreatic cancer. Lancet 2004; 363:1049-57. [PMID 15051286]
2. Gold EB, Goldin SB. Epidemiology of and risk factors for pancreatic cancer. Surg Oncol Clin North Am 1998; 7:67-91. [PMID 9443987]
3. Splinter TA. Cachexia and cancer: a clinician's view. Ann Oncol 1992; 3(Suppl.):25-7. [PMID 1382553]
4. Ryan DP, Grossbard ML. Pancreatic cancer: local success and distant failure. Oncologist 1998; 3:178-88. [PMlD 10388102]
5. Inui A. Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome: current issues in research and management. Cancer J Clin 2002; 52:72-91. [PMID 11929007]
6. Bruera E, Sweeney C. Cachexia and asthenia in cancer patients. Lancet Oncol 2000; 1:138-47. [PM1D 11905651]
7. el-Kamar FG, Grossbard ML, Kozuch PS. Metastatic pancreatic cancer: emerging strategies in chemotherapy and palliative care. Oncologist 2003; 8:18-34.[PMID 12604729]
8. Walker PK. The anorexia/cachexia syndrome. Primary Care Cancer 2001; 21:13-7.
9. Jatoi A Jr, Loprinzi CL. Current management of cancer-associated anorexia and weight loss. Oncology (Williston Park) 2001; 15:497-502. [PMID 11346935]
10. Ellison NM, Chevlen E, Still CD, Dubagunta S. Supportive care for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: symptom control and nutrition. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2002; 16:105-21. [PMID 12063822]
11. Russell ST, Hirai K, Tisdale MJ. Role of ß-3 adrenergic receptors in the action of tumour lipid mobilizing factor. Br J Cancer 2002; 424-8. [PMID 11875710]
12. Wigmore SJ, Todorov PT, Barber MD, Ross JA, Tisdale MJ, Fearon KC. Characteristics of patients with pancreatic cancer expressing a novel cancer cachectic factor. Br J Surg 2000; 87:53-8. [PMID 10606911]
13. Acharyya S, Ladner KJ, Nelsen LL, Damrauer J, Reiser PJ, Swoap S, Guttridge DC. Cancer cachexia is regulated by selective targeting of skeletal muscle gene products. J Clin Invest 2004; 114:370-8. [PMID 15286803]
14. Lohr JM, Heinemann V, Friess H (eds). Pancreatic Cancer. Bremen: Germany, Uni-Med, 2005. [ISBN 389599870]
15. Palesty JA, Dudrick SJ. What we have learned about cachexia in gastrointestinal cancer. Dig Dis 2003; 21:198-213. [PMID 14571093]
16. Kotler DP. Cachexia. Ann Intern Med 2000; 133:622-34. [PMID 11033592]
17. Vadell C, Segui MA, Gimenez-Arnau JM, Morales S, Cirera L, Bestit I, et al. Anticachectic efficacy of megestrol acetate at different doses and versus placebo in patients with neoplastic cachexia. Am J Clin Oncol 1998; 21:347-51. [PMID 9708631]
18. Berenstein EG, Ortiz Z. Megestrol acetate for the treatment of anorexia-cachexia syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005; 2:CD004310. [PMID 15846706]
19. Femia RA, Goyette RE. The science of megestrol acetate delivery: potential to improve outcomes in cachexia. Bio Drugs 2005; 19:179-87. [PMID 15984902]
20. Wigmore SJ, Falconer JS, Plester CE, Ross JA, Maingay JP, Carter DC, Fearon KC. Ibuprofen reduces energy expenditure and acute-phase protein production compared with placebo in pancreatic cancer patients. Br J Cancer 1995; 72:185-8. [PMID 7541236]
21. McMillan DC, O'Gorman P, Fearon KC, McArdle CS. A pilot study of megestrol acetate and ibuprofen in the treatment of cachexia in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Br J Cancer 1997; 76:788-90. [PMID 9310247]
22. McMillan DC, Wigmore SJ, Fearon KC, O'Gorman P, Wright CE, McArdle CS. A prospective randomized study of megestrol acetate and ibuprofen in gastrointestinal cancer patients with weight loss. Br J Cancer 1999; 79:495-500. [PMID 10027319]
23. Brown TT, Zelnik DL, Dobs AS. Fish oil supplementation in the treatment of cachexia in pancreatic cancer patients. Int J Gastrointest Cancer 2003; 34:143-50. [PMID 15361649]
24. Heller AR, Rossel T, Gottschlich B, Tiebel O, Menschikowski M, Litz RJ, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids improve liver and pancreas function in postoperative cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2004; 111:611-6. [PMID 15239141]
25. Barber MD, Preston T, McMillan DC, Slater C, Ross JA, Fearon KC. Modulation of the liver export protein synthetic response to feeding by an n-3 fatty-acid-enriched nutritional supplement is associated with anabolism in cachectic cancer patients. Clin Sci (Lond) 2004; 106:359-64. [PMID 14624668]
26. Wigmore SJ, Ross JA, Falconer JS, Plester CE, Tisdale MJ, Carter DC, Fearon KC. The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the progress of cachexia in patients with pancreatic cancer. Nutrition 1996; 12(Suppl 1):27-30. [PMID 8850216]
27. Barber MD, Ross JA, Voss AC, Tisdale MJ, Fearon KC. The effect of an oral nutritional supplement enriched with fish oil on weight-loss in patients with pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 1999; 81:80-6. [PMID 10487616]
28. Barber MD, Fearon KC, Tisdale MJ, McMillan DC, Ross JA. Effect of a fish oil-enriched nutritional supplement on metabolic mediators in patients with pancreatic cancer cachexia. Nutr Cancer 2001; 40:118-24. [PMID 11962246]
29. Fearon KC, Von Meyenfeldt MF, Moses AG, Van Geenen R, Roy A, Gouma DJ, et al. Effect of a protein and energy dense N-3 fatty acid enriched oral supplement on loss of weight and lean tissue in cancer cachexia: a randomised double blind trial. Gut 2003; 52:1479-86. [PMID 12970142]
30. Deans C, Wigmore SJ. Systemic inflammation, cachexia and prognosis in patients with cancer. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2000; 8:265-9. [PMID 15809528]
31. Gordon JN, Trebble TM, Ellis RD, Duncan HD, Johns T, Goggin PM. Thalidomide in the treatment of cancer cachexia: a randomised placebo controlled trial. Gut 2005; 54:540-5. [PMlD 15753541]