From infant attachment disorganization to adult dissociation: Relational adaptations or traumatic experiences?

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

Volumn 29, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 63-86

  Lyons Ruth, Karlen ^a   Dutra, Lissa ^b   Schuder, Michelle R ^a   Bianchi, Ilaria ^c  

^a CAMBRIDGE HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITÀ CATTOLICA DEL SACRO CUORE   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; AROUSAL; CHILD PARENT RELATION; DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EXPERIENCE; HUMAN; MATERNAL CARE; PAIN; PARENTAL BEHAVIOR; PERSONALITY DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOTRAUMA; REVIEW; STRESS;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ADULT; AROUSAL; DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS; FEAR; HUMANS; HYPOTHALAMO-HYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM; INFANT; MATERNAL BEHAVIOR; MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONS; OBJECT ATTACHMENT; PARENTING; PITUITARY-ADRENAL SYSTEM; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC;

EID: 33644852702     PISSN: 0193953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2005.10.011     Document Type: Review

References (55)

1. F.W. Putnam Dissociation in children and adolescents 1997 Guilford Press New York
2. R.P. Kluft Multiple personality in childhood Psychiatr Clin North Am 7 1 1984 121 134
3. B.G. Braun, and R.G. Sachs The development of multiple personality disorder: predisposing, precipitating and perpetuating factors R.P. Kluft Childhood antecedents of multiple personality 1985 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC 37 74
4. B.J. Mann, and S. Sanders Child dissociation and the family context J Abnorm Child Psychol 22 1994 373 388
5. R.R. Malinosky-Rummell, and T.S. Hoier Validating measures of dissociation in sexually abused and non-abused children Behav Assess 13 1991 341 357
6. B. Egeland, and A. Susman-Stillman Dissociation as a mediator of child abuse across generations Child Abuse Negl 20 11 1996 1123 1132
7. P.M. Barach Multiple personality disorder as an attachment disorder Dissociation 4 3 1991 117 123
8. J. Bowlby Attachment and loss, vol. 2. Separation 1973 Basic New York
9. G. Liotti Disorganized/disoriented attachment in the etiology of the dissociative disorders Dissociation 5 4 1992 196 204
10. M. Main, and E. Hesse Parents' unresolved traumatic experiences are related to infant disorganized attachment status: is frightened and/or frightening parental behavior the linking mechanism? M. Greenberg D. Cicchetti E.M. Cummings Attachment in the preschool years: theory, research and intervention 1990 University of Chicago Press Chicago 161 184
11. Lyons-Ruth K, Bronfman E, Parsons E. Maternal disrupted affective communication, maternal frightened or frightening behavior, and disorganized infant attachment strategies. In: Vondra J, Barnett D, editors. Atypical patterns of infant attachment: theory, research and current directions. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev 1990;64:67-96.
12. K. Lyons-Ruth, E. Bronfman, and G. Atwood A relational diathesis model of hostile-helpless states of mind. Expressions in mother-infant interactions J. Solomon C. George Attachment disorganization 1999 Guilford Press New York 33 70
13. J. Ogawa, L.A. Sroufe, and N.S. Weinfield Development and the fragmented self: a longitudinal study of dissociative symptomatology in a non-clinical sample Dev Psychopathol 4 1997 855 879
14. E. Bernstein, and F.W. Putnam Development reliability and validity of a dissociation scale J Nerv Ment Dis 174 1986 727 735
15. B. Egeland, and L.A. Sroufe Developmental sequelae of maltreatment in infancy New Dir Child Dev 11 1981 77 92
16. Dutra L, Lyons-Ruth K. Maltreatment, maternal and child psychopathology, and quality of early care as predictors of adolescent dissociation. Presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development. Atlanta, GA; 2005.
17. M. Schuder, and K. Lyons-Ruth "Hidden trauma" in infancy: attachment, fearful arousal, and early dysfunction of the stress response system J. Osofsky Trauma in infancy and early childhood 2004 Guilford Press New York 69 104
18. American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4th edition 1994 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC
19. J. Bowlby Attachment and loss, vol. 1 Attachment 1969 Hogarth Press, Institute of Psychoanalysis London
20. K. Lyons-Ruth, and D. Jacobvitz Attachment disorganization: unresolved loss, relational violence, and lapses in behavioral and attentional strategies J. Cassidy P. Shaver Handbook of attachment: theory, research, and clinical implications 1999 Guilford Press New York 520 554
21. G. Spangler, and K.E. Grossmann Biobehavioral organization in securely and insecurely attached infants Child Dev 64 1993 1439 1450
22. M.E.D. Seligman Helplessness: on depression, development and death 1975 Freeman San Francisco (CA)
23. S.E. Taylor, L.C. Klein, and B.P. Lewis Biobehavioral responses to stress in females: tend-and-befriend, not fight-or-flight Psychol Rev 107 2000 411 429
24. T.G. O'Connor, M. Rutter, and the English and Romanian Adoptees Study Team Attachment disorder behavior following early severe deprivation: extension and longitudinal follow-up J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 6 2000 703 712
25. A. Atlas-Corbett Indiscriminate attachment behavior in infancy and maternal psychosocial problems [honors thesis] 2005 Brandeis University Waltham (MA)
26. C. Riley Indiscriminate attachment behavior in infancy as risk factor for preschool behavior problems [honors thesis] 2005 Harvard University Cambridge (MA)
27. G. Spangler, and M. Schieche Emotional and adrenocortical responses of infants to the strange situation: the differential function of emotional expression Int J Behav Dev 22 1998 681 706
28. S.B. Ashman, G. Dawson, and H. Panagiotides Stress hormone levels of children of depressed mothers Dev Psychopathol 14 2002 333 349
29. M. Gunnar, S. Mangelsdorf, and M. Larson Attachment, temperament and adrenocortical activity in infancy: a study of psychoendocrine regulation Dev Psychopathol 25 1989 355 363
30. G. Spangler, and K. Grossmann Individual and physiological correlates of attachment disorganization in infancy J. Solomon C. George Attachment disorganization 1999 Guilford Press New York 95 124
31. L. Hertsgaard, M. Gunnar, and M.F. Erickson Adrenocortical responses to the strange situation in infants with disorganized/disoriented attachment relationships Child Dev 66 4 1995 1100 1106
32. M. Essex, M. Klein, and C. Eunsuk Maternal stress beginning in infancy may sensitize children to later stress exposure: effects on cortisol and behavior Biol Psychiatry 52 2002 776 784
33. J.D. Coplan, M.W. Andrews, and M.J. Owens Persistent elevations of cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of corticotropin-releasing factor in adult nonhuman primates exposed to early-life stressors: implications for the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93 1996 1619 1623
34. D. Francis, J. Diorio, and D. Liu Nongenomic transmission across generations of maternal behavior and stress responses in the rat Science 286 1999 1155 1158
35. E.W. Ames Spitz revisited: a trip to Romanian "orphanages" [C.P.A. section] Dev Psychol Newslett 9 2 1990 3 4
36. M. Carlson, C. Dragomir, and F. Earls Cortisol regulation in home-reared and institutionalized Romanian children Soc Neurosci Abstracts 698 1995 1
37. M. Carlson, and F. Earls Psychological and neuroendocrinological sequelae of early social deprivation in institutionalized children in Romania Ann N Y Acad Sci 807 1997 419 428
38. M. Kroupina, M.R. Gunnar, and D.E. Johnson Report on salivary cortisol levels in a Russian baby home 1997 Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota Minneapolis (MN)
39. P. Fisher, M. Gunnar, and P. Chamberlain Preventive intervention for maltreated preschool children: impact on children's behavior, neuroendocrine activity, and foster parent functioning J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 2000 1356 1364
40. Gilles EE, Berntson GG, Zipf WB, et al. Neglect is associated with a blunting of behavioral and biological stress responses in human infants. Presented at the International Conference of Infant Studies. Brighton, England, 2000.
41. M.H. van IJzendoorn, C. Schuengel, and M.J. Bakermans-Kranenburg Disorganized attachment in early childhood: meta-analysis of precursors, concomitants, and sequelae Dev Psychopathol 11 1999 225 249
42. V. Carlson, D. Cicchetti, and D. Barnett Disorganized/disoriented attachment relationships in maltreated infants Dev Psychopathol 25 1989 525 531
43. S. Goldberg, D. Benoit, and K. Blokland Atypical maternal behavior, maternal representations and infant disorganized attachment Dev Psychopathol 15 2003 239 257
44. Grienenberger J, Kelly K. Maternal reflective functioning and caregiving: links between mental states and observed behavior in the intergenerational transmission. Presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development. Minneapolis, MN; 2001.
45. Madigan S, Pederson D, Moran G. Unresolved states of mind, disorganized attachment relationships, and anomalous mother-infant interactions. Dev Psychol, in press.
46. L.A. Sroufe, D. Jacobvitz, and S. Mangelsdorf Generational boundary dissolution between mothers and their preschool children: a relational systems approach Child Dev 56 1985 317 325
47. M. Main, and J. Solomon Procedures for identifying infants as disorganized/disoriented during the Ainsworth strange situation M. Greenberg D. Cicchetti E.M. Cummings Attachment in the preschool years: theory, research and intervention 1990 University of Chicago Press Chicago 121 160
48. NICHD Early Child Care Research Network Child-care and family predictors of preschool attachment and stability from infancy Dev Psychopathol 37 6 2001 847 862
49. K. Lyons-Ruth, B. Holmes, and K. Hennighausen Prospective longitudinal predictors of borderline and conduct symptoms in late adolescence: the early caregiving context. Presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development 2005 Georgia Atlanta
50. K. Lyons-Ruth, and D. Block The disturbed caregiving system: relations among childhood trauma, maternal caregiving, and infant affect and attachment Infant Ment Health J 17 1996 257 275
51. M.D.S. Ainsworth, M. Blehar, and E. Waters Patterns of attachment: a psychological study of the strange situation 1978 Erlbaum Hillsdale (NJ)
52. K. Lyons-Ruth The two-person unconscious: intersubjective dialogue, enactive relational representation, and the emergence of new forms of relational organization L. Aron A. Harris Relational psychoanalysis vol. II 2005 Analytic Press Hillsdale (NJ) 311 349
53. D. Stern The interpersonal world of the infant 1985 Basic Books New York
54. G. Whitmer On the nature of dissociation Psychoanal Q 70 2001 807 837
55. J.L. Herman Complex PTSD: a syndrome in survivors of prolonged and repeated trauma J Trauma Stress 5 1992 377 391