Naturalizing racial differences through comedy: Asian, black, and white views on racial stereotypes in rush hour 2

Journal of Communication

Volumn 56, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 157-177

  Park, Ji Hoon ^a   Gabbadon, Nadine G ^a   Chernin, Ariel R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IDEOLOGY; MEDIA ROLE; RACIAL DISPARITY; STEREOTYPIC BEHAVIOR;

EID: 33644838763     PISSN: 00219916     EISSN: 14602466     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00008.x     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Altman, R. (1987). The American film musical. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
2. Bird, S. E. (1996). Not my fantasy: The persistence of Indian imagery in Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman. In S. E. Bird (Ed.), Dressing in feathers: The construction of the Indian in American popular culture (pp. 245-261). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
3. Bird, S. E. (2003). The audience in everyday life: Living in a media world. New York: Routledge.
4. Bobo, J. (1989). Sifting through the controversy: Reading The Color Purple. Callaloo, 39, 332-342.
5. Bobo, J. (1995). Black women as cultural readers. New York: Columbia University Press.
6. Bogle, D. (2001). Toms, coons, mulattoes, mammies, and bucks: An interpretive history of blacks in American films. New York: Continuum.
7. Bowes, M. (1990). Only when I laugh. In A. Goodwin & G. Whannel (Eds.), Understanding television (pp. 128-140). London: Routledge.
8. Bowman, J., Lawrence, M., Milmore, J., Carew, T., & Williams, S. - A. (Executive producers). (1992-1997). Martin [Television series]. Los Angeles, CA: Fox.
9. Box Office Prophets. (n.d.). Rush hour 2. Retrieved March 3, 2005, from http://www.boxofficeprophets.com/tickermaster/listing.cfm?TMID=169
10. Casey, B., Casey, N., Calvert, B., French, L., & Lewis, J. (2002). Television studies: The key concepts. London: Routledge.
11. Condit, C. M. (1989). The rhetorical limit of polysemy. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 6, 103-122.
12. Denzin, N. K. (2002). Reading race: Hollywood and the cinema of racial violence. London: Sage.
13. Dey, T. (Director). (2000). Shanghai noon [Motion picture]. United States: Touchstone Pictures.
14. Dobkin, D. (Director). (2003). Shanghai knights [Motion picture]. United States: Buena Vista Motion.
15. Donner, R. (Director). (1987). Lethal weapon [Motion picture]. United States: Warner Bros.
16. Dyer, R. (1997). White. New York: Routledge.
17. Essed, P. (1991). Understanding everyday racism: An interdisciplinary theory. London: Sage.
18. Feuer, J. (1992). Genre study and television. In R. C. Allen (Ed.), Channels of discourse, reassembled: Television and contemporary criticism (pp. 138-160). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
19. Fiske, J. (1987). Television culture. New York: Routledge.
20. Haggins, B. L. (1995). Laughing mad: The black comedian's place in American comedy of the post-Civil Rights era. In F. Krutnik (Ed.), Hollywood comedians: The film reader (pp. 171-186). London: Routledge.
21. Hall, S. (1990). The whites of their eyes: Racist ideologies and the media. In M. Alvarado & J. O. Thompson (Eds.), The media reader (pp. 7-23). London: BFI.
22. Hall, S. (1997). The spectacle of the 'other.' In S. Hall (Ed.), Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices (pp. 223-290). London: Sage.
23. Hamamoto, D. Y. (1994). Monitored peril: Asian Americans and the politics of TV representation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
24. Hill, W. (Director). (1982). 48 hrs. [Motion picture]. United States: Paramount.
25. Hilton, J., & von Hippel, W. (1996). Stereotypes. Annual Review of Psychology, 47, 237-271.
26. Internet Movie Database, (n.d.). All-time USA box office. Retrieved March 3, 2005, from http://www.imdb.com/Charts/usatopmovies
27. Jhally, S., & Lewis, J. (1992). Enlightened racism: The Cosby show, audiences, and the myth of the American dream. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
28. Jones, Q., Smith, W., & Hervey, W. (Director). (1990-1996). The fresh prince of Bel Air [Television series]. New York: NBC.
29. King, G. (2002). Film comedy. London: Wallflower Press.
30. Lee, R. G. (1999). Orientals: Asian Americans in popular culture. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
31. Leiner, D. (Director). (2004). Harold and Kumar go to White Castle [Motion picture]. United States: New Line Cinema.
32. Lo, K. (2001). Double negations: Hong Kong cultural identity in Hollywood's transnational representations. Cultural Studies, 15, 464-485.
33. Malanowski, J. (2002, November 10). Colorblind buddies in black and white. New York Times. Retrieved March 30, 2005, from http://www.nytimes.com
34. Marchetti, G. (1991). Ethnicity, the cinema and cultural studies. In L. D. Friedman (Ed.), Unspeakable images: Ethnicity and the American cinema (pp. 277-307). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
35. Means Coleman, R. R. (2000). African American viewers and the black situation comedy: Situating racial humor. New York: Garland.
36. Morley, D. (2005). Theoretical orthodoxies: Textualism, constructivism and the 'new ethnography.' In P. Leistyna (Ed.), Cultural studies: From theory to action (pp. 171-187). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
37. Myers, K. A., & Williamson, P. (2001). Race talk: The perpetuation of racism through private discourse. Race & Society, 4 (1) 3-26.
38. Neale, S. (1980). Genre. London: British Film Institute.
39. Ogunnaike, L. (2003, October 13). The perks and pitfalls of a ruthless-killer role. The New York Times, p. E1.
40. Omi, M. (1989). In living color: Race and American culture. In I. Angus & S. Jhally (Eds.), Cultural politics in contemporary America (pp. 111-122). London: Routledge.
41. Radway, J. A. (1986). Identifying ideological seams: Mass culture, analytical method, and political practice. Communication, 9, 93-123.
42. Ratner, B. (Director). (1998). Rush hour [Motion picture]. United States: New Line Cinema.
43. Ratner, B. (Director). (2001). Rush hour 2 [Motion picture]. United States: New Line Cinema.
44. Schaufer, F. (2003). Profiles, probabilities and stereotypes. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
45. Schudson, M. (1998). The new validation of popular culture: Sense and sentimentality in academia. In J. Storey (Ed.), Cultural theory and popular culture: A reader (pp. 495-503). London: Prentice Hall.
46. Schulman, N. M. (1992). Laughing across the color barrier: In living color. Journal of Popular Film and Television, 20 (1), 2-5.
47. Shim, D. (1998). From yellow peril through model minority to renewed yellow peril. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 22, 385-409.
48. Teo, S. (1997). Hong Kong cinema: The extra dimensions. London: British Film Institute.
49. Thomas, B. (Director). (2002). I spy [Motion picture]. United States: Columbia Pictures.
50. van Dijk, T. (1984). Prejudice in discourse: An analysis of ethnic prejudice in cognition and conversation. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.
51. van Dijk, T. (1987). Communicating racism: Ethnic prejudice in thought and talk. London: Sage.
52. Wayans, M., Van Zandt, B., Milmore, J., Kellard, P., Moore, T., & Hawkins, R. (Director). (1995-1999). The Wayans bros. [Television series]. United States: WB.
53. White, M. (1992). Ideological analysis and television. In R. C. Allen (Ed.), Channels of discourse, reassembled: Television and contemporary criticism (pp. 161-202). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
54. Wilson, C. C., Gutiérrez, F., & Chao, L. M. (2003). Racism, sexism, and the media: The rise of class communication in multicultural America. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
55. Wong, E. F. (1978). On visual media racism: Asians in the American motion pictures. New York: Arno Press.