Engaging autocratic allies to promote democracy

Washington Quarterly

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 5-26

  Adesnik, David ^a   McFaul, Michael ^b,c,d  

^a INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES   (United States)

^b STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33644798033     PISSN: 0163660X     EISSN: 15309177     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/016366006776026176     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. On the central role of a nonviolent opposition for democratic transitions, see Peter Ackerman and Adrian Karatnycky, How Freedom Is Won: From Civic Resistance to Durable Democracy (New York: Freedom House, 2005).
2. See Condoleezza Rice, opening statement before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Washington, D.C., January 18, 2005 (confirmation hearing);
3. Condoleezza Rice, "Promoting Democracy Through Diplomacy," testimony before the House Committee on Internationa Relations, Washington, D.C., May 5, 2005;
4. Mark Palmer, Breaking the Real Axis of Evil (New York: Rowman and Littlefield, 2003).
5. See Adam Przeworski et al., Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950-1990 (Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press, 2000);
6. Yi Feng, Democracy, Governance, and Economic Performance: Theory and Evidence (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2003);
7. Morton Halperin, Joseph Siegle, and Michael Weinstein, The Democracy Advantage: How Democracies Promote Prosperity and Peace (New York: Routledge, 2004).
8. For opposing perspectives on this issue, see Tony Smith, America's Mission: The United States and the Worldwide Struggle for Democracy in the 20th Century (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994);
9. David Schmitz, Thank God They're on Our Side: The United States and Right-Wing Dictatorships, 1921-1965 (Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1999).
10. Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, "Dictatorships and Double Standards," Commentary 68, no. 5 (November 1979): 34-45.
11. See Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, Dictatorship and Double Standards: Rationalism and Reason in Politics (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1982).
12. Ronald Reagan, "Address to the British Parliament, June 8, 1982," http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1982/60882a.htm.
13. For development of this theme, see George Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph: Diplomacy, Power, and the Victory of the American Ideal (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993).
14. See Steve Coll, Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, From the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (New York: Penguin Press, 2004);
15. Michael McFaul, "Rethinking the 'Reagan Doctrine' in Angola," International Security 14, no. 3 (Winter 1989-90): 99-135.
16. For a well-researched and well-written account of U.S.-Filipino relations and the Filipino democratic revolution, see Sandra Burton, Impossible Dream: The Marcoses, the Aquinos, and the Unfinished Revolution (New York: Warner, 1989).
17. On ideas as focal points, see Judith Goldstein and Robert Keohane, "Ideas and Foreign Policy: An Analytical Framework," in Ideas and Foreign Policy: Beliefs, Institutions, and Political Change, eds. Judith Goldstein and Robert Keohane (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1993), pp. 3-30.
18. Eric Bjornlund, Beyond Free and Fair: Monitoring Elections and Building Democracy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004), chap. 10.
19. For an excellent account of the politics in South Korea and U.S.-South Korean relations, see Don Oberdorfer, The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1997).
20. Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph, p. 970.
21. For the best account of the U.S. effort, see Paul Sigmund, The United States and Democracy in Chile (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993).
22. Smith, America's Mission, pp. 289-290, 293-294.
23. Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph, pp. 971-972.
24. See Coll, Ghost Wars;
25. McFaul, "Rethinking the 'Reagan Doctrine' in Angola."
26. For the argument that democratizing countries are more likely to fight wars, see Edward Mansfield and Jack Snyder, Electing to Fight: Why Emerging Democracies Go to War (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2005).
27. Michael McFaul, "Democracy Promotion as a World Value," The Washington Quarterly 28, no. 1 (Winter 2004-05): 147-163.
28. Quoted in Smith, America's Mission, pp. 293-294.
29. Guillermo O'Donnell and Philippe Schmitter, Transitions From Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions About Uncertain Democracies (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986), chap. 4;
30. Terry Lynn Karl and Philippe Schmitter, "Democratization Around the Globe: Opportunities and Risks," in World Security, eds. Michael Klare and Daniel Thomas (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994), pp. 43-62.