Guideline on management of the developing dentition and occlusion in pediatric dentistry

Pediatric Dentistry

Volumn 27, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 143-155

[No Author Info available]

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CHILD; DENTAL CARE; HABIT; HUMAN; HYPODONTIA; INFANT; MALOCCLUSION; METHODOLOGY; ORTHODONTICS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; TOOTH DISEASE; TOOTH MALFORMATION;

ADOLESCENT; ANODONTIA; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DENTAL CARE FOR CHILDREN; HABITS; HUMANS; INFANT; MALOCCLUSION; ORTHODONTICS; TOOTH ANKYLOSIS; TOOTH ERUPTION, ECTOPIC; TOOTH, SUPERNUMERARY;

EID: 33644694008     PISSN: 01641263     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (126)

1. Kanellis MJ. Orthodontic Treatment in the Primary Dentition. In: Bishara SE, ed. Textbook of Orthodontics. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 2001:248-256.
2. Woodside DG. The significance of late developmental crowding to early treatment planning for incisor crowding. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000;117:559-561.
3. Kurol J. Early treatment of tooth-eruption disturbances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121:588-591.
4. Sankey WL, Buschang PH, English J, Owen AH III. Early treatment of vertical skeletal dysplasia: The hyperdivergent phenotype. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000;118:317-327.
5. rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2000:133-156.
6. rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2000:399-411.
7. th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2004:590-596.
8. McNamara JA, Brudon WL. Dentitional development. In: Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Ann Arbor, Mich: Needham Press, Inc; 2001:31-38.
9. rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2000:75-93.
10. Hunt O, Hepper P, Johnston C, Stevenson M, Burden D. Professional perceptions of the benefits of orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod 2001;23:315-323.
11. International Symposium on Early Orthodontic Treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121:552-595.
12. st century. J Am Dent Assoc 2004;135:162-167.
13. American Dental Association, US Dept of Health and Human Services. The selection of patients for dental radiographic examinations - 2004. Available at: http://www.ada.org/prof/resources/topics/radiography.asp. Accessed February 15, 2005.
14. rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2000:109-114.
15. Warren JJ, Bishara SE, Steinbock KL, Yonezu T, Nowak AJ. Effects of oral habits' duration on dental characteristics in the primary dentition. J Am Dent Assoc 2001;132:1685-1693.
16. th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2004:631-668.
17. Ogaard B, Larsson E, Lindsten R. The effect of sucking habits, cohort, sex, intercanine arch widths, and breast or bottle feeding on posterior crossbite in Norwegian and Swedish 3-year-old children. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1994;106:161-166.
18. Warren JJ, Bishara SE. Duration of nutritive and nonnutritive sucking behaviors and their effects on the dental arches in the primary dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121:347-356.
19. Monaco A, Ciammella NM, Marci MC, Pirro P, Giannoni M. The anxiety in bruxer child: A case-control study. Minverva Stomatol 2002;51:247-250.
20. Weideman CL, Bush DL, Yan-Go FL, Clark GT, Gornbein JA. The incidence of parasomnias in child bruxers vs nonbruxers. Pediatr Dent 1996;18:456-460.
21. Ivanhoe CB, Lai JM, Francisco GE. Bruxism after brain injury: Successful treatment with botulinum toxin-A. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997;78:1272-1273.
22. Rugh JD, Harlan J. Nocturnal bruxism and temporomandibular disorders. Adv Neurol 1988;49:329-341.
23. Sari S, Sonmez H. The relationship between occlusal factors and bruxism in permanent and mixed dentition in Turkish children. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2001;25:191-194.
24. Negoro T, Briggs J, Plesh O, Nielsen I, McNeill C, Miller AJ. Bruxing patterns in children compared to intercuspal clenching and chewing as assessed with dental models, electromyography, and incisor jaw tracing: Preliminary study. J Dent Child 1998;65:449-458.
25. Kiesser JA, Groeneveld HT. Relationship between juvenile bruxing and craniomandibular dysfunction. J Oral Rehabil 1998;25:662-665.
26. Restrepo CC, Alvarez E, Jaramillo C, Velez C, Valencia I. Effects of psychological techniques on bruxism in children with primary teeth. J Oral Rehabil 2001;28: 354-360.
27. Nissani M. A bibliographical survey of bruxism with special emphasis on nontraditional treatment modalities. J Oral Sci 2001;43:73-83.
28. th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Elsvier Saunders; 2005:431-439.
29. Saemundsson SR, Robers MW. Oral self-injurious behavior in the developmentally disabled: Review and a case. J Dent Child 1997;64:205-209.
30. Milwood J, Fiske J. Lip biting in patients with profound neurodisability. Dent Update 2001;28:105-108.
31. Fields HW Jr, Warren DW, Black BK, Phillips C. Relationship between vertical dentofacial morphology and respiration in adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1991;99:147-154.
32. American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical practice guideline: Diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatrics 2002; 109:704-712.
33. Ward T, Mason TB II. Sleep disorders in children. Nurs Clin North Am 2002;37:693-706.
34. Brook AH. Dental anomalies of number, form, and size: Their prevalence in British school children. J Int Assoc Dent Child 1974;5:37-53.
35. Byrd ED. Incidence of supernumerary and congenitally missing teeth. J Dent Child 1943;10:84-86.
36. Rose JS. A survey of congenitally missing teeth, excluding third molars, in 6,000 orthodontic patients. Dent Pract Dent Rec 1966;17:107-114.
37. Clayton JM. Congenital dental anomalies occurring in 3,552 children. J Dent Child 1956;23:206-286.
38. Brabant H. Comparison of the characteristics and anomalies of the deciduous and permanent dentitions. J Dent Res 1967;46:897-902.
39. Graber LW. Congenital absence of teeth: A review with emphasis on inheritance patterns. J Am Dent Assoc 1978;96:266-275.
40. Hobkirk JA, Brook AH. The management of patients with severe hypodontia. J Oral Rehabil 1980;7:289-298.
41. Riolo ML, Avery DR. Preadolescent orthodontic treatment and orthodontic treatment during active stages of growth and development. In: Essentials for Orthodontic Practice. Ann Arbor & Grand Haven, Mich: ESOP Press; 2003:48-49.
42. Woodworth DA, Sinclair PM, Alexander RG. Bilateral congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors: A craniofacial and dental cast analysis. Am J Orthod 1985;87:280-293.
43. Robertson S, Mohlin B. The congenitally missing upper lateral incisor. A retrospective study of orthodontic space closure vs restorative treatment. Eur J Orthod 2000;22:697-710.
44. Primosch RE. Anterior supernumerary teeth: Assessment and surgical intervention in children. Pediatr Dent 1981;3:204-215.
45. Luten JR. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth in primary and mixed dentitions. J Dent Child 1967;34:346-353.
46. Russell KA, Folwarczna MA. Mesiodens: Diagnosis and management of a common supernumerary tooth. J Can Dent Assoc 2003;69:362-366.
47. Taylor GS. Characteristics of supernumerary teeth in primary and permanent dentition. Trans Br Soc Study Orthod 1970-71;57:123-128.
48. McKibben DR, Brearley LJ. Radiographic determination of the prevalence of selected dental anomalies in children. J Dent Child 1971;28:390-398.
49. Humerfelt D, Hurlen B, Humerfelt S. Hyperdontia in children below four years of age: A radiographic study. J Dent Child 1985;52:121-124.
50. Howard RD. The unerupted incisor. A study of the postoperative eruptive history of incisors delayed in their eruption by supernumerary teeth. Dent Pract Dent Rec 1967;17:332-341.
51. Tay F, Pang A, Yuen S. Unerupted maxillary anterior supernumerary teeth: A report of 204 cases. J Dent Child 1984;51:289-294.
52. Witsenburg B, Boering G. Eruption of impacted permanent upper incisors after removal of supernumerary teeth. Int J Oral Surg 1981;10:423-431.
53. Chintakanon K, Boonpinon P. Ectopic eruption of the first permanent molars: Prevalence and etiology factors. Angle Orthod 1998;68:153-160.
54. Carr GE, Mink JR. Ectopic eruption of the first permanent maxillary molar in cleft lip and palate children. J Dent Child 1965;32:179-188.
55. Grover P, Lorton L. The incidence of unerupted permanent teeth and related clinical cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1985;59:420-425.
56. Ericson S, Kurol J. Radiographic examination of ectopically erupting maxillary canines. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1987;91:483-492.
57. Coll JA, Sadrian R. Predicting pulpectomy success and its relationship to exfoliation and succedaneous dentition. Pediatr Dent 1996;18:57-63.
58. Young DH. Ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar. J Dent Child 1957;24:153-162.
59. Gehm S, Crespi PV. Management of ectopic eruption of permanent molars. Compend Cont Educ Dent 1997;18:561-569.
60. Halterman CW. A simple technique for the treatment of ectopically erupting first permanent molars. J Am Dent Assoc 1982;105:1031-1033.
61. Terry BC, Hegtvedt AK. Self-stabilizing approach to surgical uplifting of the mandibular second molar. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1993;75:674-676.
62. Fernandez E, Bravo LA, Canteras M. Eruption of the permanent upper canine: A radiographic study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;113:414-420.
63. Olive RJ. Orthodontic treatment of palatally impacted maxillary canines. Aust Orthod J 2002;18:64-70.
64. D'Amico RM, Bjerklin K, Kurol J, Falahat B. Long-term results of orthodontic treatment of impacted maxillary canines. Angle Orthod 2003;73:231-238.
65. th ed. St Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders; 2005;593-607.
66. Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Intrusion, general prognosis. In: Essentials of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth. Copenhagen, Denmark: Munksgaard; 1994:111.
67. Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Avulsion injuries: Pattern of injury and diagnosis. In: Essentials of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth. Copenhagen, Denmark: Munksgaard; 1994:115-120.
68. Kokich VO. Congenitally missing teeth: Orthodontic management in the adolescent patient. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121:594-595.
69. Sabri R. Management of congenitally missing second premolars with orthodontics and single-tooth implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004;125:634-642.
70. Geiger AM, Brunsky MJ. Orthodontic management of ankylosed permanent posterior teeth: A clinical report of three cases. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1994;106:543-548.
71. Bolton WA. The clinical application of a tooth-size analysis. Am J Orthod 1962;48:504-529.
72. Dugoni SA, Lee JS, Varela J, Dugoni AA. Early mixed dentition treatment: Postretention evaluation of stability and relapse. Angle Orthod 1995;65:311-320.
73. Foster H, Wiley W. Arch length deficiency in the mixed dentition. Am J Orthod 1958;68:61-68.
74. Little RM. Mandibular arch length increase during the mixed dentition: Postretention evaluation of stability and relapse. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1990; 97:393-404.
75. Little RM. Stability and relapse of mandibular anterior alignment: University of Washington studies. Semin Orthod 1999;5:191-204.
76. Warren JJ, Bishara SE, Yonezu T. Tooth size-arch length relationships in the deciduous dentition: A comparison between contemporary and historical samples. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:614-619.
77. Warren JJ, Bishara SE. Comparison of dental arch measurements in the primary dentition between contemporary and historic samples. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;119:211-215.
78. Moorrees CF. Register of longitudinal growth studies of facial and dental development. J Dent Res 1967;46: 1206-1207.
79. Moorrees CF, Burstone CJ, Christiansen RL, Hixon EH, Weinstein S. Research related to malocclusion. A "state-of-the-art" workshop conducted by the Oral-Facial Growth and Development Program, The National Institute of Dental Research. Am J Orthod 1971;59:1-18.
80. Turpin DL. Where has all the arch length gone? (editorial) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;119:201.
81. Behrents, RG. Growth in the aging craniofacial skeleton. Monograph 17. Craniofacial Growth Series. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan, Center for Human Growth and Development; 1985.
82. Zachrisson BU. Important aspects of long-term stability. J Clin Orthod 1997;31:562-583.
83. Kusters ST, Kuijpers-Jagman AM, Maltha JC. An experimental study in dogs of transseptal fiber arrangement between teeth which have emerged in rotated and nonrotated positions. J Dent Res 1991;70:192-197.
84. Ericson S, Kurol J. Radiographic assessment of maxillary canine eruption in children with clinical signs of eruption disturbances. Eur J Orthod 1986;8:133-140.
85. Ericson S, Kurol J. Early treatment of palatally erupting maxillary canines by extraction of the primary canines. Eur J Orthod 1988; 10:283-295.
86. Brothwell DJ. Guidelines on the use of space maintainers following premature loss of primary teeth. J Can Dent Assoc 1997;63:753-766.
87. Ngan P, Alkire RG, Fields H Jr. Management of space problems in the primary and mixed dentitions. J Am Dent Assoc 1999;130:1330-1339.
88. Terlaje RD, Donly KJ. Treatment planning for space maintenance in the primary and mixed dentition. J Dent Child 2001;68:109-114.
89. Dincer M, Haydar S, Unsal B, Turk T. Space maintainer effects on intercanine arch width and length. J Clin Pediatr Dent 1996;21:47-50.
90. Qudeimat MA, Fayle SA. The longevity of space maintainers: A retrospective study. Pediatr Dent. 1998;20:267-272.
91. Cuoghi OA, Bertoz FA, de Mendonca MR, Santos EC. Loss of space and dental arch length after the loss of the lower first primary molar: A longitudinal study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 1998;22:117-120.
92. Rajab LD. Clinical performance and survival of space maintainers: Evaluation over a period of 5 years. J Dent Child 2002;69:156-160.
93. Owen DG. The incidence and nature of space closure following the premature extraction of deciduous teeth: A literature survey study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1971;59:37-49.
94. Kisling E, Hoffding J. Premature loss of primary teeth. Part IV. J Dent Child 1979;46:109-113.
95. Qudeimat MA, Fayle SA. The use of space maintainers at a UK pediatric dentistry department. J Dent Child 1999;66:383-386.
96. th ed. St Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders; 2005:423-430.
97. rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2000: 180-181.
98. Kanellis MJ. Orthodontic treatment in the primary dentition. In: Bishara SE, ed. Textbook of Orthodontics. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Co; 2001:248-250.
99. Richards B. An approach to the diagnosis of different malocclusions. In: Bishara SE, ed. Textbook of Orthodontics. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Co; 2001:157-158.
100. Bishara SE, Staley RN. Maxillary expansion: Clinical implications. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1987:91:3-14.
101. Kluemper GT, Beeman CS, Hicks, EP. Early orthodontic treatment: What are the imperatives? J Am Dent Assoc 2000;131:613-620.
102. rd ed. St Louis, Mo: Mosby, 2000:198-217.
103. Sonnesen L, Bakke M, Solow B, Bite force in pre-orthodontic children with unilateral crossbite. Eur J Orthod 2001;23:741-749.
104. Pinto AS, Bushang PH, Throckmorton GS, Chen P. Morphological and positional asymmetries of young children with functional unilateral posterior crossbites. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;120:513-520.
105. rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2000:186.
106. Ghafari J, Shofur FS, Jacobsson-Hunt U, Markowitz DL, Laster LL. Headgear vs functional regulator in the early treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion: A randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;113:51-61.
107. Tulloch JF, Proffit WR, Phillips C. Benefit of early Class II treatment: Progress report of a two-phase randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;113:62-72.
108. Keeling SD, Wheeler TT, King GJ, et al. Anteroposterior skeletal and dental changes after early Class II treatment with bionators and headgear. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;113:40-50.
109. Tulloch JF, Phillips C, Proffit WR. Outcomes in a 2-phase randomized clinical trial of early Class II treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004;125:657-667.
110. Chen JY, Will LA, Niederman R. Analysis of efficacy of functional appliances on mandibular growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:470-476.
111. O'Brien K, Wright J, Conboy F, et al. Effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the twin-block appliance: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Part 1 : Dental and skeletal effects. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;124:234-243.
112. McNamara JA, Brookstein FL, Shaughnessy TG. Skeletal and dental changes following regulatory therapy on Class II patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1985;88;91-110.
113. Toth LR, McNamara JA Jr. Treatment effects produced by the twin-block appliance and the FR-2 appliance of Frankel compared with untreated Class II sample. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999; 116:597-609.
114. Carapezza L. Early treatment vs late treatment Class II closed bite malocclusion. Gen Dent 2003;51:430-434.
115. Von Bremen J, Pancherz H. Efficiency of early and late Class II division 1 treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121:31-37.
116. O'Brien K, Wright J, Conboy F, et al. Effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the twin-block appliance: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Part 2: Psychosocial effects. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;124:488-495.
117. Kania MJ, Keeling SD, McGorray SP, Wheeler TT, King GJ. Risk factors associated with incisor injury in elementary school children. Angle Orthod 1996; 66:423-431.
118. Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr, Tollaro I. Early dentofacial features of Class II malocclusion: A longitudinal study from the deciduous through the mixed dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997;111:502-509.
119. Staley RN. Orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning: Angle's classification system. In: Bishara SE, ed. Textbook of Orthodontics. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Co; 2001:102-103.
120. Cassidy KM, Harris EF, Tolley EA Keim RG. Genetic influences on dental arch in orthodontic patients. Angle Orthod 1998;68:445-454.
121. Staley RN. Etiology and prevalence of malocclusion. In: Bishara SE, ed. Textbook of Orthodontics. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Co; 2001:84.
122. Campbell P. Early Class III treatment. Angle Orthod 1983;53:175-191.
123. Page DC. Early orthodontics: 5 new steps to better care. Dent Today 2004;23:1-7.
124. Stahl F, Grabowski R. Orthodontic findings in the deciduous and early mixed dentition: Inferences for a preventive strategy. J Orofac Orthop 2003;64:401-416.
125. Riketts RM. A statement regarding early treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000;117:556-558.
126. rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2000:519-541.