The policy turn in environmental philosophy

Environmental Ethics

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 3-20

  Frodeman, Robert ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS   (United States)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 33644670902     PISSN: 01634275     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5840/enviroethics200628136     Document Type: Review

References (43)

1. "The existence of the world is justified only as an acsthetic phenomenon." Friedrich Nietzsche, The Birth of Tragedy. Walter Kaufmann, trans. (New York, Vintage Books, 1967). Preface; An Attempt at Self-Critism. Also available at http://www.mala.bc.ca/-johnstoi/Nietzsche/tragedy_all.htm.
2. Robert Frodeman and Carl Mitcham, eds., Special Issue, "Toward a Philosophy of Science Policy," Philosophy Today 48, no. 5 (2005).
3. "... the individual has the right to demand that science should at least provide him with a ladder to this standpoint, should show him this standpoint within himself." Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, trans. A. V. Miller (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977), pp. 14-15.
4. Daniel Lerner and Harold D. Lasswell, eds., The Policy Sciences: Recent Developments in Scope and Method (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1951).
5. Martin Heidegger, "Building Dwelling Thinking," in Martin Heidegger, Poetry, Language, Thought, trans. Albert Hofstadter (New York: HarperCollins, 1971).
6. The failure to consider these perspectives resulted in public housing projects such as St. Louis's Pruitt-Igoe, which was celebrated as an architectural innovation when completed in 1956. Within a few years the housing complex was suffering from vandalism and crime. In 1972, after spending more than $5 million to cure the problems at Pruitt-Igoe, the St. Louis Housing Authority demolished the series of high-rise buildings.
7. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, bk. 6;
8. Mircea Eliade, The Sacred and the Profane, trans. Willard R. Trask (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1959).
9. Norton, Bryan G., Toward Unity among Environmentalists (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991).
10. Bryan G. Norton and Eugene C. Hargrove, "Where Do We Go from Here?" in Ethics and Environmental Policy: Theory Meets Practice, ed. Frederick Ferré and Peter Hartel (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1994), pp. 235-52.
11. Andrew Light and Eric Katz, eds., Environmental Pragmatism (New York: Routledge, 1996), p. 5.
12. Donald VanDeVeer and Christine Pierce, eds., The Environmental Ethics and Policy Book: Philosophy, Ecology, Economics, 3rd ed. (Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 2003).
13. See also Avner de-Shalit, The Environment: Between Theory and Practice (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000);
14. Moral and Political Reasoning in Environmental Practice, ed. Andrew Light and Avner de-Shalit (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2003).
15. Daniel A. Farber, Eco-Pragmatism: Making Sensible Environmental Decisions in an Uncertain World (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999);
16. Mark Sagoff, Price, Principle, and the Environment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). For additional cites, see http://www.cep.unt.edu/ anthol.html.
17. See, for instance, the case studies of the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, at http://www.csiro.au/.
18. My own efforts at topical thinking include Geo-Logic: Breaking Ground between Philosophy and the Earth Sciences (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2003).
19. Available at http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/about/default.htm.
20. Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences, Our Changing Planet: The FY 1994 U.S. Global Change Research Program (Washington, D.C.: National Science Foundation, 1993), p. 5;
21. quoted in Daniel Sarewitz, "Science and Environmental Policy: An Excess of Objectivity," in Frodeman, Earth Matters, p. 81.
22. Andrew Revkin, "The Devil Is in the Details" The New York Times, 3 July 2001. Available at http://www4.nas.edu/news.nsf/isbn/s10062003f? OpenDocument.
23. This argument has been made at length by Daniel Sarewitz, Frontiers of Illusion: Science, Technology, and the Ideology of Progress (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995).
24. There is a growing literature that critiques the notion of a linear relationship between science and politics. See, for instance, Pielke, Jr., R. A., and Radford Byerly, Jr., "Beyond Basic and Applied," Physics Today, 51, no. 2 (1988): 42-46; http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/admin/ publication_files/resource-166-1998.12.pdf.
25. Harold D. Lasswell, Psychopathology and Politics (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977), pp. 184-85;
26. cited in Sarewitz, "Science and Environmental Policy," p. 84.
27. Thomas Scanlon, "Contracturalism and Utilitarianism," in Utilitarianism and Beyond, ed. Amartya Sen and Bernard Williams (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982), p. 115.
28. Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action, trans. Thomas McCarthy, 2 vols. (Boston: Beacon Press, 1984-1987).
29. See Beyond Therapy: Biotechnology and the Pursuit of Happiness (Washington, D.C.: President's Council on Bioethics, 2003). Available at http://www.bioethics.gov/reports/beyondtherapy/.
30. Cf. http://humanitiespolicy.unt.edu.
31. For an NSF statement on the second criteria, see http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/ 1999/nsf99172/nsf99172.htm.
32. For a philosophical analysis of the second criterion, see J. Britt Holbrook, "Assessing the Science-Society Relation: The Case of the U.S. National Science Foundation's Second Merit Review Criterion," Technology in Society, forthcoming.
33. Avaiable at http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/elsi. shtml.
34. Partial exceptions to this absence include the Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy at the University of Maryland (part of the School of Public Affairs), the Social Philosophy and Policy Center at Bowling Green State University, and the Institute for Environment, Philosophy and Public Policy at Lancaster University.
35. For a reflection on philosophy's abdication of its social responsibilities, see John McCumber, Time in the Ditch: American Philosophy and the McCarthy Era (Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 2001).
36. John Muir, My First Summer in the Sierra (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988), p. 110.
37. See, among a voluminous literature, Caroline Winterer, The Culture of Classicism: Ancient Greece and Rome in American Intellectual Life, 1780-1910 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002);
38. Julie A. Reuben, The Making of the Modem University: Intellectual Transformation and the Marginalisation of Morality (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996);
39. and Roger Geiger, ed., The American College in the Nineteenth Century (Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 2000).
40. Thomas Friedman, The World is Flat (New York: Farrer, Straus, and Giroux, 2005).
41. Eugene C. Hargrove, "Philosophical Aspects of Cave Conservation: Its Relationship to the Historical and Philosophical Development of Conservation in America," Proceedings of the /976 NSS Annual Convention (Huntsville, Ala.: National Speleological Society, 1976), pp. 17-19.
42. Friedrich Nietzsche, The Gay Science, trans. Walter Kaufmann (New York: Random House, 1974), sec. 125.
43. The Department of Philosophy and Religion Studies at the University of North Texas is lauching such an internship program at its field station in Cape Horn, Chile. See the departmental website at http://www.phil.unt.edu for more details.