-
1
-
-
0347376390
-
Scottish accents and dialects
-
P. Trudgill (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
-
Aitken, A. J. (1984). Scottish accents and dialects. In P. Trudgill (ed.), Language in the British Isles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 95-114.
-
(1984)
Language in the British Isles
, pp. 95-114
-
-
Aitken, A.J.1
-
3
-
-
85044889430
-
Morphology and the lexicon: Lexicalization and productivity
-
A. Spencer & A. Zwicky (eds.), Oxford: Blackwell
-
Aronoff, Mark, & Anshen, Frank. (1998). Morphology and the lexicon: Lexicalization and productivity. In A. Spencer & A. Zwicky (eds.), The handbook of morphology. Oxford: Blackwell. 237-247.
-
(1998)
The Handbook of Morphology
, pp. 237-247
-
-
Aronoff, M.1
Anshen, F.2
-
4
-
-
0002341044
-
-
(eds.), Amsterdam: Benjamins
-
Bailey, Guy, Maynor, Nathalie, & Cukor-Avila, Patricia (eds.), (1991). The emergence of Black English: Texts and commentary. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
-
(1991)
The Emergence of Black English: Texts and Commentary
-
-
Bailey, G.1
Maynor, N.2
Cukor-Avila, P.3
-
5
-
-
0039610395
-
-
Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
-
Barber, Charles. (1997). Early Modern English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
-
(1997)
Early Modern English
-
-
Barber, C.1
-
7
-
-
84936396272
-
A textual comparison of British and American writing
-
Biber, Douglas. (1987). A textual comparison of British and American writing. American Speech 62:99-119.
-
(1987)
American Speech
, vol.62
, pp. 99-119
-
-
Biber, D.1
-
9
-
-
85008590415
-
Defining the envelope of linguistic variation: The case of "don't count" Forms in the copula analysis of African American Vernacular English
-
Blake, Renee. (1997). Defining the envelope of linguistic variation: The case of "don't count" forms in the copula analysis of African American Vernacular English. Language Variation and Change 9: 57-79.
-
(1997)
Language Variation and Change
, vol.9
, pp. 57-79
-
-
Blake, R.1
-
11
-
-
84965904200
-
The contractions of not: A historical note
-
1989
-
Brainerd, Barron. (1989 [1993]). The contractions of not: A historical note. Journal of English Linguistics 22:176-196.
-
(1993)
Journal of English Linguistics
, vol.22
, pp. 176-196
-
-
Brainerd, B.1
-
12
-
-
3042673377
-
Explaining morphosyntactic competition
-
M. Baltin & C. Collins (eds.), Oxford: Blackwell
-
Bresnan, Joan. (2001). Explaining morphosyntactic competition. In M. Baltin & C. Collins (eds.), The handbook of contemporary syntactic theory. Oxford: Blackwell. 11-44.
-
(2001)
The Handbook of Contemporary Syntactic Theory
, pp. 11-44
-
-
Bresnan, J.1
-
13
-
-
0040614313
-
The verb be in early Black English: A study based on the WPA ex-slave narratives
-
Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
-
Brewer, Jeutonne. (1974). The verb be in early Black English: A study based on the WPA ex-slave narratives. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC.
-
(1974)
-
-
Brewer, J.1
-
14
-
-
84931349721
-
The aspectual nature of states and habits
-
Brinton, Laurel. (1987). The aspectual nature of states and habits. Folia Linguistica 21: 195-214.
-
(1987)
Folia Linguistica
, vol.21
, pp. 195-214
-
-
Brinton, L.1
-
18
-
-
85065945981
-
Variation in the use of ain't in an urban British English dialect
-
P. Trudgill and J. K. Chambers (eds.), Singapore: Longman
-
Cheshire, Jenny. (1991). Variation in the use of ain't in an urban British English dialect. In P. Trudgill and J. K. Chambers (eds.), Dialects of English: Studies in grammatical variation. Singapore: Longman. 54-73.
-
(1991)
Dialects of English: Studies in Grammatical Variation
, pp. 54-73
-
-
Cheshire, J.1
-
21
-
-
84969485477
-
A note on ain't vs. didn't negation in African American Vernacular
-
DeBose, Charles E. (1994). A note on ain't vs. didn't negation in African American Vernacular. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 9:127-130.
-
(1994)
Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages
, vol.9
, pp. 127-130
-
-
DeBose, C.E.1
-
22
-
-
33644514538
-
An Africanist approach to the linguistic study of Black English: Getting to the roots of the tense-aspect-modality and copula systems in Afro-American
-
S. Mufwene (ed.), Athens: University of Georgia Press
-
DeBose, Charles E., & Faraclas, Nicholas. (1993). An Africanist approach to the linguistic study of Black English: Getting to the roots of the tense-aspect-modality and copula systems in Afro-American. In S. Mufwene (ed.), Africanisms in Afro-American language varieties. Athens: University of Georgia Press. 364-387.
-
(1993)
Africanisms in Afro-American Language Varieties
, pp. 364-387
-
-
DeBose Charles, E.1
Faraclas, N.2
-
23
-
-
23844545855
-
Double negation and the genesis of Afrikaans
-
P. Muysken & N. Smith (eds.), Dordrecht: Foris
-
den Besten, Hans. (1986). Double negation and the genesis of Afrikaans. In P. Muysken & N. Smith (eds.), Substrata versus universals in creole languages. Dordrecht: Foris. 185-230.
-
(1986)
Substrata Versus Universals in Creole Languages
, pp. 185-230
-
-
den Besten, H.1
-
24
-
-
33644508246
-
The mock-tempest
-
Reprinted (1972) R. E. DiLorenzo (ed.), Iowa City: University of Iowa Press
-
Duffett, Thomas. (1674). The mock-tempest. Reprinted (1972) in R. E. DiLorenzo (ed.), Three burlesque plays of Thomas Duffett. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.
-
(1674)
Three Burlesque Lays of Thomas Duffett
-
-
Duffett, T.1
-
25
-
-
0002259097
-
The origin of American Black English: Be-forms in the HOODOO texts
-
Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
-
Ewers, Traute. (1996). The origin of American Black English: Be-forms in the HOODOO texts. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
-
(1996)
-
-
Ewers, T.1
-
26
-
-
0003608725
-
Tense marking in Black English: A linguistic and social analysis
-
Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
-
Fasold, Ralph. (1972). Tense marking in Black English: A linguistic and social analysis. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics.
-
(1972)
-
-
Fasold, R.1
-
27
-
-
33644499065
-
Some linguistic features of the Negro dialect
-
P. Stoller (ed.), Black American English: New York: Dell
-
Fasold, Ralph, & Wolfram, Walt. (1975). Some linguistic features of the Negro dialect. In P. Stoller (ed.), Black American English: Its background and its usage in the schools and in literature. New York: Dell. 49-89.
-
(1975)
Its Background and Its Usage in the Schools and in Literature
, pp. 49-89
-
-
Fasold, R.1
Wolfram, W.2
-
29
-
-
84981636252
-
Judgement of syntactic acceptability and frequency
-
Greenbaum, Sidney. (1977). Judgement of syntactic acceptability and frequency. Studia Linguistica 31:83-105.
-
(1977)
Studia Linguistica
, vol.31
, pp. 83-105
-
-
Greenbaum, S.1
-
30
-
-
0002222651
-
Copula absence in Samaná English: Implications for research on the linguistic history of African-American Vernacular English
-
Hannah, Dawn. (1997). Copula absence in Samaná English: Implications for research on the linguistic history of African-American Vernacular English. American Speech 72:339-372.
-
(1997)
American Speech
, vol.72
, pp. 339-372
-
-
Hannah, D.1
-
31
-
-
84937293426
-
Is't allow'd or ain't it? On contraction in early grammars and spelling books
-
Haugland, Kari E. (1995). Is't allow'd or ain't it? On contraction in early grammars and spelling books. Studia Neophilologica 67:165-184.
-
(1995)
Studia Neophilologica
, vol.67
, pp. 165-184
-
-
Haugland, K.E.1
-
32
-
-
84928462560
-
She isn't studying vs. she's not studying: An investigation into the choice between the two contracted variants of negated English auxiliaries
-
Hiller, Ulrich. (1987). She isn't studying vs. she's not studying: An investigation into the choice between the two contracted variants of negated English auxiliaries. Die Neueren Sprachen 86: 531-553.
-
(1987)
Die Neueren Sprachen
, vol.86
, pp. 531-553
-
-
Hiller, U.1
-
34
-
-
85007943355
-
Negation and the history of African American English
-
Howe, Darin M. (1997). Negation and the history of African American English. Language Variation and Change 9:267-294.
-
(1997)
Language Variation and Change
, vol.9
, pp. 267-294
-
-
Howe, D.M.1
-
35
-
-
33644507333
-
Negation and the creole-origins hypothesis: Evidence from Early African American English
-
S. Poplack (ed.), Malden, Oxford: Blackwell
-
Howe, Darin M., & Walker, James A. (2000). Negation and the creole-origins hypothesis: Evidence from Early African American English. In S. Poplack (ed.), The English history of African American English. Malden, Oxford: Blackwell. 109-140.
-
(2000)
The English History of African American English
, pp. 109-140
-
-
Howe, D.M.1
Walker, J.A.2
-
36
-
-
84925915775
-
Negation in later Middle English Prose
-
n.s
-
Jack, G. B. (1978). Negation in later Middle English Prose. Archivum Linguisticum, n.s. 9:58-72.
-
(1978)
Archivum Linguisticum
, vol.9
, pp. 58-72
-
-
Jack, G.B.1
-
40
-
-
33644525505
-
On contraction in Modern English
-
Kjellmer, Göran. (1998). On contraction in Modern English. Studia Neophilologica 69:155-186.
-
(1998)
Studia Neophilologica
, vol.69
, pp. 155-186
-
-
Kjellmer, G.1
-
41
-
-
0004074462
-
-
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
-
Labov, William. (1972). Language in the inner city. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
-
(1972)
Language in the Inner City
-
-
Labov, W.1
-
42
-
-
0010703140
-
-
Co-operative Research Report 3288, Philadelphia: U.S. Regional Survey
-
Labov, William, Cohen, Philip, Robins, Clarence, & Lewis, John. (1968). A study of the non-standard English of Negro and Puerto Rican speakers in New York City. Co-operative Research Report 3288, Vol. I. Philadelphia: U.S. Regional Survey.
-
(1968)
A Study of the Non-standard English of Negro and Puerto Rican Speakers in New York City
, vol.1
-
-
Labov, W.1
Cohen, P.2
Robins, C.3
Lewis, J.4
-
43
-
-
0041064084
-
Phonology and morphology
-
R. Lass (ed.), volume Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
-
Lass, Roger. (1999). Phonology and morphology. In R. Lass (ed.), The Cambridge history of the English language, volume 3: 1476-1776. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-
(1999)
The Cambridge History of the English Language
, vol.3
, pp. 1476-1776
-
-
Lass, R.1
-
46
-
-
84937309658
-
Copula and auxiliary contraction in the speech of White Americans
-
McElhinney, Bonnie S. (1993). Copula and auxiliary contraction in the speech of White Americans. American Speech 68:371-399.
-
(1993)
American Speech
, vol.68
, pp. 371-399
-
-
McElhinney, B.S.1
-
47
-
-
20444438917
-
-
Menton, UK: Scolar Press. 1688
-
Miege, Guy. (1688 [1969]). The English grammar. Menton, UK: Scolar Press.
-
(1969)
The English Grammar
-
-
Miege, G.1
-
49
-
-
0040201987
-
-
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
-
Mossé, Fernand. (1952). A handbook of Middle English. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
-
(1952)
A Handbook of Middle English
-
-
Mossé, F.1
-
50
-
-
0038216496
-
Stativity and the progressive
-
Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club
-
Mufwene, Salikoko S. (1984). Stativity and the progressive. Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club.
-
(1984)
-
-
Mufwene, S.S.1
-
51
-
-
33644544610
-
Scope of negation and focus in Gullah
-
F. Byrne & D. Winford (eds.), Amsterdam: Benjamins
-
Mufwene, Salikoko S. (1993). Scope of negation and focus in Gullah. In F. Byrne & D. Winford (eds.), Focus and grammatical relations in creole languages. Amsterdam: Benjamins. 95-116.
-
(1993)
Focus and Grammatical Relations in Creole Languages
, pp. 95-116
-
-
Mufwene, S.S.1
-
52
-
-
2342558930
-
A semantic and pragmatic model of lexical and grammatical aspect
-
New York: Garland
-
Olsen, Mari Broman. (1997). A semantic and pragmatic model of lexical and grammatical aspect. New York: Garland.
-
(1997)
-
-
Olsen, M.B.1
-
53
-
-
0003768535
-
-
(2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press
-
Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). (1989). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-
(1989)
Oxford English Dictionary
-
-
-
54
-
-
0001919481
-
Agreeing and disagreeing with assessments: Some features of preferred/dispreferred turn shapes
-
J. M. Atkinson & J. Heritage (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
-
Pomerantz, Anita. (1984). Agreeing and disagreeing with assessments: Some features of preferred/dispreferred turn shapes. In J. M. Atkinson & J. Heritage (eds.), Structures of social action: Studies in conversation analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 57-101.
-
(1984)
Structures of Social Action: Studies in Conversation Analysis
, pp. 57-101
-
-
Pomerantz, A.1
-
57
-
-
84928462801
-
The Philadelphia story in the Spanish Caribbean
-
Poplack, Shana, & Sankoff, David. (1987). The Philadelphia story in the Spanish Caribbean. American Speech 64:291-314.
-
(1987)
American Speech
, vol.64
, pp. 291-314
-
-
Poplack, S.1
Sankoff, D.2
-
58
-
-
84972029526
-
African American English in the diaspora: The case of old-line Nova Scotians
-
Poplack, Shana, & Tagliamonte, Sali. (1991). African American English in the diaspora: The case of old-line Nova Scotians. Language Variation and Change 3:301-339.
-
(1991)
Language Variation and Change
, vol.3
, pp. 301-339
-
-
Poplack, S.1
Tagliamonte, S.2
-
59
-
-
0041094057
-
African American English in the diaspora: Tense and aspect
-
Oxford: Blackwell
-
Poplack, Shana, & Tagliamonte, Sali. (2001). African American English in the diaspora: Tense and aspect. Oxford: Blackwell.
-
(2001)
-
-
Poplack, S.1
Tagliamonte, S.2
-
60
-
-
33644499368
-
The English language and English grammar: An historical study of the sources, development, and analogies of the language and of the principles governing its usages
-
New York: Haskell House. 1892
-
Ramsey, S. (1892 [1968]). The English language and English grammar: An historical study of the sources, development, and analogies of the language and of the principles governing its usages. New York: Haskell House.
-
(1968)
-
-
Ramsey, S.1
-
63
-
-
85139690496
-
The creole origins of African-American Vernacular English: Evidence from copula absence
-
S. S. Mufwene, J. R. Rickford, G. Bailey, & J. Baugh (eds.), London: Routledge
-
Rickford, John R. (1998). The creole origins of African-American Vernacular English: Evidence from copula absence. In S. S. Mufwene, J. R. Rickford, G. Bailey, & J. Baugh (eds.), African-American English: Structure, history, and use. London: Routledge. 154-200.
-
(1998)
African-American English: Structure, History, and Use
, pp. 154-200
-
-
Rickford, J.R.1
-
64
-
-
84974022131
-
Rappin on the copula coffin: Theoretical and methodological issues in the analysis of copula variation in African American Vernacular English
-
Rickford, John R., Ball, Arnetha, Blake, Renée, Jackson, Raina, & Martin, Nomi. (1991). Rappin on the copula coffin: Theoretical and methodological issues in the analysis of copula variation in African American Vernacular English. Language Variation and Change 3:103-132.
-
(1991)
Language Variation and Change
, vol.3
, pp. 103-132
-
-
Rickford, J.R.1
Ball, A.2
Blake, R.3
Jackson, R.4
Martin, N.5
-
65
-
-
0039285040
-
Addressee- and topic-influenced style shift: A quantitative sociolinguistic study
-
D. Biber & E. Finegan (eds.), New York: Oxford University Press
-
Rickford, John R., & McNair-Knox, Faye. (1994). Addressee- and topic-influenced style shift: A quantitative sociolinguistic study. In D. Biber & E. Finegan (eds.), Sociolinguistic perspectives on register. New York: Oxford University Press. 235-276.
-
(1994)
Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Register
, pp. 235-276
-
-
Rickford, J.R.1
McNair-Knox, F.2
-
66
-
-
85008564605
-
Isn't it? or is it not? On the order of postverbal subject and negative particle in the history of English
-
Tieken-Boon van Ostade, G. Tottie, & W. van der Wurff (eds.), Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
-
Rissanen, Matti. (1999). Isn't it? or is it not? On the order of postverbal subject and negative particle in the history of English. In I. Tieken-Boon van Ostade, G. Tottie, & W. van der Wurff (eds.), Negation in the history of English. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 189-205.
-
(1999)
Negation in the History of English
, pp. 189-205
-
-
Rissanen, M.1
-
68
-
-
0347774952
-
The progressive in English
-
Amsterdam: North-Holland
-
Scheffer, Johannes. (1975). The progressive in English. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
-
(1975)
-
-
Scheffer, J.1
-
70
-
-
0040147337
-
The phrase phonology of English and French
-
Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Linguistics Club
-
Selkirk, Elisabeth O. (1981). The phrase phonology of English and French. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Linguistics Club.
-
(1981)
-
-
Selkirk, E.O.1
-
71
-
-
33644526161
-
On the genesis, evolution, and diversity of African American English: Evidence from verbal -s in the Liberian Settler English of Sinoe
-
Paper presented at the Society for Pidgin and Creole Linguistics, London, UK
-
Singler, John V. (1997). On the genesis, evolution, and diversity of African American English: Evidence from verbal -s in the Liberian Settler English of Sinoe. Paper presented at the Society for Pidgin and Creole Linguistics, London, UK.
-
(1997)
-
-
Singler, J.V.1
-
72
-
-
84935412677
-
-
Second edition. Dordrecht: Kluwer
-
Smith, Carlota S. (1997). The parameter of aspect. Second edition. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
-
(1997)
The Parameter of Aspect
-
-
Smith, C.S.1
-
73
-
-
84989383898
-
'You Ø na hear o' that kind o' things': Negative do in Buckie
-
Smith, Jennifer. (2000). 'You Ø na hear o' that kind o' things': Negative do in Buckie Scots. English World-Wide 21:231-259.
-
(2000)
Scots English World-Wide
, vol.21
, pp. 231-259
-
-
Smith, J.1
-
75
-
-
28444442415
-
Comparative sociolinguistics
-
J. K. Chambers, P. Trudgill, & N. Schilling-Estes (eds.), Oxford: Blackwell
-
Tagliamonte, Sali. (2002). Comparative sociolinguistics. In J. K. Chambers, P. Trudgill, & N. Schilling-Estes (eds.), The handbook of language variation and change. Oxford: Blackwell. 729-763.
-
(2002)
The Handbook of Language Variation and Change
, pp. 729-763
-
-
Tagliamonte, S.1
-
76
-
-
84989388393
-
Either it isn't or it's not: NEG/AUX contraction in British dialects
-
Tagliamonte, Sali, & Smith, Jennifer. (2002). Either it isn't or it's not: NEG/AUX contraction in British dialects. English World-Wide 23:251-281.
-
(2002)
English World-Wide
, vol.23
, pp. 251-281
-
-
Tagliamonte, S.1
Smith, J.2
-
80
-
-
0039876915
-
Rephrasing the copula: Contraction and zero in Early African American English
-
S. Poplack (ed.), Oxford: Blackwell
-
Walker, James A. (2000a). Rephrasing the copula: Contraction and zero in Early African American English. In S. Poplack (ed.), The English history of African American English. Oxford: Blackwell. 35-72.
-
(2000)
The English History of African American English
, pp. 35-72
-
-
Walker, J.A.1
-
82
-
-
85008585603
-
Using the past to explain the present: Tense and temporal reference in Early African American English
-
Walker, James A. (2001). Using the past to explain the present: Tense and temporal reference in Early African American English. Language Variation and Change 13:1-35.
-
(2001)
Language Variation and Change
, vol.13
, pp. 1-35
-
-
Walker, J.A.1
-
85
-
-
84974355869
-
Variability in negation in African American Vernacular English
-
Weldon, Tracey. (1994). Variability in negation in African American Vernacular English. Language Variation and Change 6:359-397.
-
(1994)
Language Variation and Change
, vol.6
, pp. 359-397
-
-
Weldon, T.1
-
86
-
-
84971895390
-
Back to the past: The BEV/creole connection revisited
-
Winford, Donald. (1992). Back to the past: The BEV/creole connection revisited. Language Variation and Change 4:311-357.
-
(1992)
Language Variation and Change
, vol.4
, pp. 311-357
-
-
Winford, D.1
-
87
-
-
84989390024
-
On the origins of African American Vernacular English - A creolist perspective, Part II: Linguistic features
-
Winford, Donald. (1998). On the origins of African American Vernacular English - A creolist perspective, Part II: Linguistic features. Diachronica 15:99-154.
-
(1998)
Diachronica
, vol.15
, pp. 99-154
-
-
Winford, D.1
-
91
-
-
0012011880
-
-
Arlington, VA: Center for Applied Linguistics
-
Wolfram, Walt, & Christian, Donna. (1976). Appalachian speech. Arlington, VA: Center for Applied Linguistics.
-
(1976)
Appalachian Speech
-
-
Wolfram, W.1
Christian, D.2
-
93
-
-
84937386314
-
It's not or isn't it? Using large corpora to determine the influences on contraction strategies
-
Yaeger-Dror, Malcah, Hall-Lew, Lauren, & Deckert, Sharon. (2002). It's not or isn't it? Using large corpora to determine the influences on contraction strategies. Language Variation and Change 14:79-118.
-
(2002)
Language Variation and Change
, vol.14
, pp. 79-118
-
-
Yaeger-Dror, M.1
Hall-Lew, L.2
Deckert, S.3
|