Relationship between triclosan and susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from hands in the community

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Volumn 48, Issue 8, 2004, Pages 2973-2979

  Aiello, Allison E ^a   Marshall, Bonnie ^b   Levy, Stuart B ^b   Della Latta, Phyllis ^c   Larson, Elaine ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^b TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c Columbia University ^*  (United States)

^d Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; SOAP; TRICLOSAN;

ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM CULTURE; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; COMMUNITY; GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; HAND; HAND WASHING; HUMAN; HYGIENE; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STAPHYLOCOCCUS;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, LOCAL; BACTERIA; COLONY COUNT, MICROBIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; HAND; HUMANS; HYGIENE; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; TRICLOSAN;

EID: 3343007042     PISSN: 00664804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.8.2973-2979.2004     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Adolfsson-Erici, M., M. Pettersson, J. Parkkonen, and J. Sturve. 2002. Triclosan, a commonly used bactericide found in human milk and in the aquatic environment in Sweden. Chemosphere 46:1485-1489.
2. Aiello, A. E., and E. L. Larson. 2002. What is the evidence for a causal link between hygiene and infections? Lancet Infect. Dis. 2:103-110.
3. Aiello, A. E., L. V. Lee, P. Della-Latta, S. Lin, and E. Larson. 2002. Types of microbial flora on hands of subjects and an environmental surface in homes randomized to antimicrobial or non-antimicrobial cleaning and hygiene products. 40th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Disease Society of America, Chicago, Ill. IDSA, Alexandria, Va.
4. Al-Doori, Z., D. Morrison, G. Edwards, and C. Gemmell. 2003. Susceptibility of MRSA to triclosan. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 51:185-186.
5. Bamber, A. I., and T. J. Neal. 1999. An assessment of triclosan susceptibility in methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. J. Hosp. Infect. 41:107-109.
6. Baquero, F., C. Patron, R. Canton, and M. Martinez Ferrer. 1991. Laboratory and in-vitro testing of skin antiseptics: a prediction for in-vivo activity? J. Hosp. Infect. 18(Suppl. B):5-11.
7. Bhargava, H. N., and P. A. Leonard. 1996. Triclosan: applications and safety. Am. J. Infect. Control. 24:209-218.
8. Chuanchuen, R., K. Beinlich, T. T. Hoang, A. Becher, R. R. Karkhoff-Schweizer, and H. P. Schweizer. 2001. Cross-resistance between triclosan and antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is mediated by multidrug efflux pumps: exposure of a susceptible mutant strain to triclosan selects nfxB mutants overexpressing MexCD-OprJ. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:428-432.
9. Chuanchuen, R., R. R. Karkhoff-Schweizer, and H. P. Schweizer. 2003. High-level triclosan resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is solely a result of efflux. Am. J. Infect. Control. 31:124-127.
10. Chuanchuen, R., C. T. Narasaki, and H. P. Schweizer. 2002. The MexJK efflux pump of Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires OprM for antibiotic efflux but not for efflux of triclosan. J. Bacteriol. 184:5036-5044.
11. Cole, E. C., R. M. Addison, J. R. Rubino, K. E. Leese, P. D. Dulaney, M. S. Newell, J. Wilkins, D. J. Gaber, T. Wineinger, and D. A. Criger. 2003. Investigation of antibiotic and antibacterial agent cross-resistance in target bacteria from homes of antibacterial product users and nonusers. J. Appl. Microbiol. 95:664-676.
12. Cookson, B. D., H. Farrelly, P. Stapleton, R. P. Garvey, and M. R. Price. 1991. Transferable resistance to triclosan in MRSA. Lancet 337:1548-1549.
13. Council of Scientific Affairs. 2000. Report 2 of the council on scientific affairs: use of antimicrobials in consumer products 2 (A-00). American Medical Association, Chicago, Ill.
14. Gilbert, P., and A. J. McBain. 2003. Potential impact of increased use of biocides in consumer products on prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 16:189-208.
15. Gilbert, P., A. J. McBain, and S. F. Bloomfield. 2002. Biocide abuse and antimicrobial resistance: being clear about the issuess. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 50:137-140.
16. Heath, R. J., J. Li, G. E. Roland, and C. O. Rock. 2000. Inhibition of the Staphylococcus aureus NADPH-dependent enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase by triclosan and hexachlorophene. J. Biol. Chem. 275:4654-4659.
17. Heath, R. J., N. Su, C. K. Murphy, and C. O. Rock. 2000. The enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductases FabI and FabL from Bacillus subtilis. J. Biol. Chem. 275:40128-40133.
18. Kolpin, D. W., E. T. Furlong, M. T. Meyer, E. M. Thurman, S. D. Zaugg, L. B. Barber, and H. T. Buxton. 2002. Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams, 1999-2000: a national reconnaissance. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36:1202-1211.
19. Larson, E., A. Aiello, L. V. Lee, P. Della-Latta, C. Gomez-Duarte, and S. Lin. 2003. Short- and long-term effects of handwashing with antimicrobial or plain soap in the community. J. Community Health 28:139-150.
20. Larson, E., Lin, SX, Gomez-Duarte, C, Della-Latta, P. 2004. Effect of antibacterial home cleaning and handwashing products on infectious disease symptoms. Ann. Intern. Med. 140:1-9.
21. Larson, E. L. 1981. Persistent carriage of gram-negative bacteria on hands. Am. J. Infect. Control. 9:112-119.
22. Larson, E. L., C. Gomez-Duarte, L. V. Lee, P. Della-Latta, D. J. Kain, and B. H. Keswick. 2003. Microbial flora of hands of homemakers. Am. J. Infect. Control. 31:72-79.
23. Lear, J. C., J. Y. Maillard, P. W. Dettmar, P. A. Goddard, and A. D. Russell. 2002. Chloroxylenol- and triclosan-tolerant bacteria from industrial sources. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 29:238-242.
24. Levy, S. 2002. The antibiotic paradox: how the misuse of antibiotics destroys their curative powers. Perseus Publishing, New York, N.Y.
25. Levy, S. B. 2001. Antibacterial household products: cause for concern. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 7:512-515.
26. Levy, S. B. 2000. Antibiotic and antiseptic resistance: impact on public health. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 19:S120-S122.
27. Lindstrom, A., L. J. Buerge, T. Poiger, P. A. Bergqvist, M. D. Muller, and H. R. Buser. 2002. Occurrence and environmental behavior of the bactericide triclosan and its methyl derivative in surface waters and in wastewater. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36:2322-2329.
28. McBain, A. J., R. G. Bartolo, C. E. Catrenich, D. Charbonneau, R. G. Ledder, B. B. Price, and P. Gilbert. 2003. Exposure of sink drain microcosms to triclosan: population dynamics and antimicrobial susceptibility. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:5433-5442.
29. McBride, M. E., L. F. Montes, W. J. Fahlberg, and J. M. Knox. 1974. Microbial flora of nurses' hands. II. Qualitative differences in occupational groups. Int. J. Dermatol. 13:197-204.
30. McMurry, L. M., P. F. McDermott, and S. B. Levy. 1999. Genetic evidence that InhA of Mycobacterium smegmatis is a target for triclosan. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43:711-713.
31. McMurry, L. M., M. Oethinger, and S. B. Levy. 1998. Overexpression of marA, soxS, or acrAB produces resistance to triclosan in laboratory and clinical strains of Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 166:305-309.
32. McMurry, L. M., M. Oethinger, and S. B. Levy. 1998. Triclosan targets lipid synthesis. Nature 394:531-532.
33. Meade, M. J., R. L. Waddell, and T. M. Callahan. 2001. Soil bacteria Pseudomonas putida and Alcaligenes xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans inactivate triclosan in liquid and solid substrates. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 204:45-48.
34. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. 2003. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically, 6th ed. Approved standard M7-A6. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Wayne, Pa.
35. Parikh, S. L., G. Xiao, and P. J. Tonge. 2000. Inhibition of InhA, the enoyl reductase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, by triclosan and isoniazid. Biochemistry 39:7645-7650.
36. Schweizer, H. P. 2001. Triclosan: a widely used biocide and its link to antibiotics. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 202:1-7.
37. Singer, H., S. Muller, C. Tixier, and L. Pillonel. 2002. Triclosan: occurrence and fate of a widely used biocide in the aquatic environment: field measurements in wastewater treatment plants, surface waters, and lake sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36:4998-5004.
38. Slayden, R. A., R. E. Lee, and C. E. Barry III. 2000. Isoniazid affects multiple components of the type II fatty acid synthase system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mol. Microbiol. 38:514-525.
39. Suller, M. T., and A. D. Russell. 1999. Antibiotic and biocide resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus. J. Hosp. Infect. 43:281-291.
40. Suller, M. T., and A. D. Russell. 2000. Triclosan and antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 46:11-18.
41. Vischer, W. A., and J. Regos. 1974. Antimicrobial spectrum of Triclosan, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent for topical application. Zentbl. Bakteriol. Orig. A 226:376-389.