Heavy NP shift is the parser's last resort: Evidence from eye movements

Journal of Memory and Language

Volumn 54, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 389-406

  Staub, Adrian ^a   Clifton Jr , Charles ^a   Frazier, Lyn ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

Author keywords

Argument structure; Eye movements; Heavy NP shift; Parsing; Sentence comprehension

Indexed keywords

EID: 33244466986     PISSN: 0749596X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2005.12.002     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. S. Aoshima C. Phillips A. Weinberg Processing filler-gap dependencies in a head-final language Journal of Memory and Language 51 2004 23-54
2. G.T.M. Altmann Regression-contingent analyses of eye movements during sentence processing: Reply to Rayner and Sereno Memory & Cognition 22 1994 286-290
3. G.T.M. Altmann A. Garnham Y. Dennis Avoiding the garden path: Eye movements in context Journal of Memory and Language 31 1992 685-712
4. K. Binder S. Duffy K. Rayner The effects of thematic fit and discourse context on syntactic ambiguity resolution Journal of Memory and Language 44 2001 297-324
5. J.E. Boland M.K. Tanenhaus S.M. Garnsey G.N. Carlson Verb argument structure in parsing and interpretation: Evidence from wh-questions Journal of Memory and Language 34 1995 774-806
6. K. Christianson A. Hollingworth J.F. Halliwell F. Ferreira Thematic roles assigned along the garden path linger Cognitive Psychology 42 2001 368-407
7. C. Clifton Jr. L. Frazier Comprehending sentences with long distance dependencies G. Carlson M. Tanenhaus Linguistic structure in language processing 1989 Kluwer Dordrecht, The Netherlands 273-317
8. C. Connine F. Ferreira C. Jones C. Clifton Jr. L. Frazier Verb frame preferences: Descriptive norms Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 13 1984 307-319
9. S. Crain J.D. Fodor How can grammars help parsers? D.R. Dowty L. Karttunen A. Zwicky Natural language parsing 1985 Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK 94-128
10. M.W. Crocker Computational psycholinguistics: An interdisciplinary approach to the study of language 1996 Kluwer Dordrecht
11. M. De Vincenzi Syntactic parsing strategies in Italian 1991 Kluwer Dordrecht
12. F. Ferreira C. Clifton The independence of syntactic processing Journal of Memory and Language 25 1986 348-368
13. F. Ferreira J.M. Henderson Use of verb information in syntactic parsing: Evidence from eye movements and word-by-word self-paced reading Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 16 1990 555-568
14. J.D. Fodor Parsing strategies and constraints on transformations Linguistic Inquiry 9 1978 427-473
15. J.D. Fodor Empty categories in sentence processing Language and Cognitive Processes 4 1989 SI155-SI210
16. W.N. Francis H. Kučera Frequency analysis of English usage: Lexicon and grammar 1982 Houghton Mifflin Boston
17. Frazier, L. (1978). On comprehending sentences: Syntactic parsing strategies. Doctoral dissertation, University of Connecticut, Storrs.
18. L. Frazier Sentence processing: A tutorial review M. Coltheart Attention and performance XII 1987 Lawrence Earlbaum Hillsdale, NJ 559-586
19. L. Frazier C. Clifton Jr. Successive cyclicity in the grammar and the parser Language and Cognitive Processes 28 1989 331-344
20. L. Frazier J.D. Fodor The sausage machine: A new two-stage parsing model Cognition 6 1978 291-326
21. L. Frazier K. Rayner Making and correcting errors during sentence comprehension: Eye movements in the analysis of structurally ambiguous sentences Cognitive Psychology 14 1982 178-210
22. S. Gahl D. Jurafsky D. Roland Verb subcategorization frequencies: American English corpus data, methodolocial studies, and cross-corpus comparisons Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers 36 2004 432-443
23. S.M. Garnsey N.J. Perlmutter E. Myers M.A. Lotocky The contributions of verb bias and plausibility to the comprehension of temporarily ambiguous sentences Journal of Memory and Language 37 1997 58-93
24. S.M. Garnsey M.K. Tanenhaus R.M. Chapman Evoked potentials and the study of sentence comprehension Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 18 1989 51-60
25. P. Hagoort C. Brown J. Groothusen The syntactic positive shift (SPS) as an ERP measure of syntactic processing Language and Cognitive Processes 8 1993 439-483
26. R. Kayne Overt vs. covert movement Syntax 1 1998 128-191
27. J. Kimball Seven principles of surface structure parsing in natural language Cognition 2 1973 15-47
28. S.M. Kennison Limitations on the use of verb information during sentence comprehension Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 8 2001 132-138
29. G.R. Loftus M.E.J. Masson Using confidence intervals in within-subject designs Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 1 1994 476-490
30. M.P. Marcus A theory of syntactic recognition for natural language 1980 MIT Press Cambridge, MA
31. M.E.J. Masson G.R. Loftus Using confidence intervals for graphically based data interpretation Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology 57 2003 203-220
32. M.J. Pickering Processing local and unbounded dependencies: A unified account Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 23 1994 323-352
33. M.J. Pickering M.J. Traxler Evidence against the use of subcategorisation frequencies in the processing of unbounded dependencies Language and Cognitive Processes 18 2003 469-503
34. M.J. Pickering M.J. Traxler M.W. Crocker Ambiguity resolution in sentence processing: Evidence against frequency-based accounts Journal of Memory and Language 43 2000 447-475
35. A. Pollatsek A.D. Well On the use of counterbalanced designs in cognitive research: A suggestion for a better and more powerful analysis Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 21 1995 785-794
36. K. Rayner Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research Psychological Bulletin 124 1998 372-422
37. K. Rayner A. Pollatsek The psychology of reading 1989 Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs, NJ
38. K. Rayner S.C. Sereno Regressive eye movements and sentence parsing: On the use of regression-contingent analyses Memory & Cognition 22 1994 281-285
39. K. Rayner S.C. Sereno Regression-contingent analyses: A reply to Altmann Memory & Cognition 22 1994 291-292
40. E.D. Reichle K. Rayner A. Pollatsek The E-Z Reader model of eye-movement control in reading: Comparisons to other models Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26 2003 445-526
41. M. Rochemont P. Culicover Deriving dependent right adjuncts in English D. Beerman D. LeBlanc H. van Riemsdijk Righward movement 1997 John Benjamins Amsterdam 279-300
42. Ross, J. R. (1967). Constraints on variables in syntax. Doctoral dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, MA.
43. M.J. Spivey M.K. Tanenhaus Syntactic ambiguity resolution in discourse: Modeling the effects of referential context and lexical frequency Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 24 1998 1521-1543
44. L.M. Stallings M.C. MacDonald P.G. O'Seaghdha Phrasal ordering constraints in sentence production: Phrase length and verb disposition in heavy-NP shift Journal of Memory and Language 39 1998 392-417
45. L.A. Stowe Parsing WH-constructions: Evidence for on-line gap location Language and Cognitive Processes 1 1986 227-245
46. M.J. Traxler M.J. Pickering Plausibility and the processing of unbounded dependencies: An eye-tracking study Journal of Memory and Language 35 1996 454-475
47. J. Trueswell M.K. Tanenhaus C. Kello Verb specific constraints in sentence processing: Separating effects of lexical preference from garden-paths Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 19 1993 528-533
48. T. Wasow End-weight from the speaker's perspective Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 26 1997 347-361