Improved episodic integration through enactment: Implications for aging

Journal of General Psychology

Volumn 133, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 37-65

  Mangels, Jennifer A ^a   Heinberg, Aileen ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

Encoding; Memory; Semantic; SPT; Verbal

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; COGNITION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LANGUAGE; LEARNING; MALE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RECALL; RECOGNITION; SEMANTICS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; ASSOCIATION LEARNING; COGNITION; FEMALE; HUMANS; LANGUAGE; MALE; MENTAL RECALL; RECOGNITION (PSYCHOLOGY); SEMANTICS;

EID: 32944478626     PISSN: 00221309     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3200/GENP.133.1.37-65     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Amieva, H., Rouch-Leroyer, I., Fabrigoule, C., & Dartigues, J. F. (2000). Deterioration of controlled processes in the preclinical phase of dementia: A confirmatory analysis. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 11, 46-62.
2. Backman, L. (1985). Further evidence for the lack of adult age differences on free recall of subject-performed tasks: The importance of motor action. Human Learning, 4, 79-88.
3. Backman, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (1984). Aging effects in free recall: An exception to the rule. Human Learning, 3, 53-70.
4. Backman, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (1985). Prerequisites for lack of age differences in memory performance. Experimental Aging Research, 11, 67-73.
5. Backman, L., Small, B. J., Wahlin, A., & Larsson, M. (1999). Cognitive functioning in very old age. In F. I. M. Craik & T. A. Salthouse (Eds.), Handbook of cognitive aging (Vol. 2, pp. 499-558). Mahway, NJ: Erlbaum.
6. Balota, D. A., & Duchek, J. M. (1988). Age-relàted differences in lexical access, spreading activation and simple pronunciation. Psychology and Aging, 3, 84-93.
7. Benton, A. L., & Hamsher, K. (1978). The multilingual aphasia examination. Des Moines: University of Iowa Press.
8. Bowles, R. P., & Salthouse, T. A. (2003). Assessing the age-related effects of proactive interference on working memory tasks using the Rasch Model. Psychology and Aging, 18, 608-615.
9. Brooks, B. M., & Gardiner, J. M. (1994). Age differences in memory for prospective compared with retrospective subject-performed tasks. Memory and Cognition, 22(1), 27-33.
10. Burke, D. M., & Peters, L. (1986). Word associations in old age: Evidence for consistency in semantic encoding during adulthood. Psychology and Aging, 1, 283-292.
11. Butters, M., Kaszniak, A., Glisky, E., Eslinger, D., & Schacter, D. (1994). Recency discrimination deficits in frontal lobe patients. Neuropsychology, 8, 343-353.
12. Caldwell, J. I., & Masson, M. E. J. (2001). Conscious and unconscious influences of memory for object location. Memory and Cognition, 29, 285-295.
13. Castel, A., & Craik, F. I. M. (2003). The effects of aging and divided attention on memory for item and associative information. Psychology and Aging, 18, 873-885.
14. Cohen, R. L. (1981). On the generality of some memory laws. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 22, 267-281.
15. Cohen, R. L., Sandier, S. P., & Schroeder, K. (1987). Aging and memory for words and action events: Effects of item repetition and list length. Psychology and Aging, 2, 280-285.
16. Cohen, R. L., & Stewart, M. (1982). How to avoid developmental effects in free recall. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 23, 9-16.
17. Collie, A., Myers, C., Schnirman, G., Wood, S., & Maruff, P. (2002). Selectively impaired associative learning in older people with cognitive decline. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14, 484-492.
18. Connelly, S. L., Hasher, L., & Zacks, R. T. (1991). Age and reading: The impact of distraction. Psychology and Aging, 6, 533-541.
19. Crowder, R. G. (1976). Similarity and order in memory. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 73, 319-353.
20. Dehn, D., & Engelkamp, J. (1997). Process dissociation procedure: Double dissociations following divided attention and speeded responding. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50A, 318-336.
21. Earles, J. (1996). Adult age differences in recall of performed and nonperformed items. Psychology and Aging, 11, 638-648.
22. Earles, J., & Coon, V. (1994). Adult age differences in long-term memory for performed activities. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 49, P32-P34.
23. Earles, J., Kersten, A., Turner, J., & McMullen, J. (1999). Influences of age, performance, and item relatedness on verbatim and gist recall of verb-noun pairs. Journal of General Psychology, 726(1), 97-110.
24. Engelkamp, J. (1998). Memory for actions. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press.
25. Engelkamp, J., & Zimmer, H. D. (2002). Free recall and organization as a function of varying relational encoding in action memory. Psychological Research, 66, 91-98.
26. Engelkamp, J., Zimmer, H. D., & Biegelmann, U. (1993). Bizarreness effects in verbal tasks and subject-performed tasks. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 5, 393-115.
27. Engelkamp, J., Zimmer, H. D., & Kurbjuweit, A. (1995). Verb frequency and enactment in implicit and explicit memory. Psychological Research, 57, 242-249.
28. Gershberg, F. B., & Shimamura, A. P. (1995). The role of the frontal lobes in the use of organizational strategies in free recall. Neuropsychologia, 13, 1305-1333.
29. Graf, P., & Schacter, D. L. (1985). Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17, 510-518.
30. Hartman, M., & Hasher, L. (1991). Aging and suppression: Memory for previously relevant information. Psychology and Aging, 6, 587-594.
31. Hasher, L., & Zacks, R. T. (1988). Working memory, comprehension, and aging: A review and new view. In G. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 22, pp. 193-225). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
32. Heil, M., Rolke, B., Engelkamp, J., Rosler, F., Izcan, M., & Hennighausen, E. (1999). Event-related brain potentials during recognition of ordinary and bizarre action phrases following verbal and subject-performed encoding conditions. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 11, 261-280.
33. Helstrup, T. (1993). Inter-event differences in action memory. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 34, 328-337.
34. Herlitz, A., Adolfsson, R., Bäckman, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (1991). Cue utilization following different forms of encoding in mildly, moderately, and severely demented patients with Alzheimer's disease. Brain and Cognition, 15, 119-130.
35. Hunt, R. R., & Einstein, G. O. (1981). Relational and item-specific information in memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 20, 497-514.
36. Jacoby, L. L., Jennings, J. M., & Hay, J. F. (1996). Dissociating automatic and consciously controlled processes: Implications for diagnosis and rehabilitation of memory deficits. In D. Hermann, C. McEvoy, C. Hertzog, P. Hertel & M. K. Johnson (Eds.), Basic and applied memory research: Theory in context (Vol. 1, pp. 161-193). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
37. Karantzoulis, S., Rich, J. B., & Mangels, J. A. (2004, February). Free recall and recognition following meaningful and bizarre subject-performance and verbal tasks in normal aging and mild cognitive impairment. Paper presented at the International Neuropsychology Society, Baltimore, MD.
38. Karlsson, T., Backman, L., Herlitz, A., Nilsson, L.-G., Winblad, W., & Osterlind, P. (1989). Memory improvement at different stages of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychologia, 27, 737-742.
39. Knopf, M. (1991). Having shaved a kiwi fruit: Memory of unfamiliar subject-performed actions. Psychological Research, 53, 203-211.
40. Knopf, M., & Neidhardt, E. (1989). Aging and memory for action events: The role of familiarity. Developmental Psychology, 25, 780-786.
41. Kormi-Nouri, R. (1995). The nature of memory for action events: An episodic integration view. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 7, 337-363.
42. Kormi-Nouri, R., & Nilsson, L.-G. (1998). The role of integration in recognition failure and action memory. Memory and Cognition, 26, 681-691.
43. Laver, G. D., & Burke, D. M. (1993). Why do semantic priming effects increase in old age? A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 8, 34-43.
44. Lekeu, F., Van der Linden, M., Moonen, G., & Salmon, E. (2002). Exploring the effect of action familiarity on SPTs recall performance in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, 24, 1057-1069.
45. Lezak, M. D. (1995). Neuropsychological assessment (3rd Ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
46. Light, L. L., Prull, M. W., La Voie, D. J., & Healy, M. R. (2000). Dual-process theories of memory in old age. In T. J. Perfect & E. Maylor (Eds.), Models of cognitive aging (pp. 238-300). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
47. Lustig, C., May, C. P., & Hasher, L. (2001). Working memory span and the role of proactive interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 199-207.
48. Mangels, J. A. (1997). Strategic processing and memory for temporal order in patients with frontal lobe lesions. Neuropsychology, 11, 207-221.
49. McAndrews, M., & Milner, B. (1991). The frontal cortex and memory for temporal order. Neuropsychologia, 29, 849-859.
50. McDaniel, M. A., DeLosh, E. L., & Merritt, P. S. (2000). Order information and retrieval distinctiveness: Recall of common versus bizarre material. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26, 1045-1056.
51. McDaniel, M. A., Einstein, G., DeLosh, E. L., May, D., & Brady, P. (1995). The bizarreness effect: It's not surprising, it's complex. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 422-435.
52. Mohr, G. (1992). Retrieval of action phrases: The efficacy of verb cues and noun cues. Zeitschrift fur Psychologie, 200, 363-370.
53. Mohr, G., Engelkamp, J., & Zimmer, H. D. (1989). Recall and recognition of self-performed acts. Psychological Research, 51, 181-187.
54. Nairne, J. S. (1990). Similarity and long-term memory for order. Journal of Memory and Language, 29, 733-746.
55. Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2000). Adult age differences in memory performance: Tests of an associative deficit hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 26, 1170-1187.
56. Naveh-Benjamin, M., Guez, J., & Marom, M. (2003). The effects of divided attention at encoding on item and associative memory. Memory and Cognition, 31, 1021-1035.
57. Naveh-Benjamin, M., Hussain, Z., Guez, J., & Bar-On, M. (2003). Adult age differences in episodic memory: Further support for an associative-deficit hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29, 826-837.
58. Nilsson, L.-G., & Backman, L. (1991). Encoding dimensions of subject-performed tasks. Psychological Research, 53, 212-218.
59. Nilsson, L.-G., & Craik, F. I. M. (1990). Additive and interactive effects in memory for subject-performed tasks. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 2, 305-324.
60. Nilsson, L.-G., Nyberg, L., Kormi-Nouri, R., & Ronnlund, M. (1995). Dissociative effects of elaboration on memory of enacted and non-enacted events: A case of negative effect. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 36, 225-231.
61. Nyberg, L., Maitland, S., Ronnlund, M., Backman, L., Dixon, R., Wahlin, A., et al. (2003). Selective adult age differences in an age-invariant multifactor model of declarative memory. Psychology and Aging, 18(1), 149-160.
62. Nyberg, L., Nilsson, L.-G., & Backman, L. (1992). Recall of actions, sentences, and nouns: Influences of adult age and passage of time. Acta Psychologica, 79, 245-254.
63. Nyberg, L., Persson, J., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2002). Individual differences in memory enhancement by encoding enactment: Relationships to adult age and biological factors. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 26, 835-839.
64. Peterson, R. C., Smith, G. E., Waring, S. C., Ivnik, R. J., Tangalos, E. G., & Kokmen, E. (1999). Mild cognitive impairment: Clinical characterization and outcome. Archives of Neurology, 58, 1985-1992.
65. Shimamura, A. P., Jurica, P. J., Mangels, J. A., Gershberg, F. B., & Knight, R. T. (1995). Susceptibility to interference in patients with frontal lobe lesions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 7, 144-152.
66. Spencer, W., & Raz, N. (1995). Differential age effects on memory for content and context: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 10, 527-539.
67. Troyer, A. K., Moscovitch, M., & Winocur, G. (1997). Clustering and switching as two components of verbal fluency: Evidence from younger and older healthy adults. Neuropsychology, 11(1), 138-146.
68. Wechsler, D. (1997). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III. New York: Psychological Corporation.
69. Worthen, J., & Wood, V. (2001a). A disruptive effect of bizarreness on memory for relational and contextual details of self-performed and other-performed acts. American Journal of Psychology, 114, 535-546.
70. Worthen, J., & Wood, V. (2001b). Memory discrimination for self-performed and imagined acts: Bizarreness effects in false recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology, 54A, 49-67.
71. Yonelinas, A. P. (1999). The contribution of recollection and familiarity to recognition and source-memory judgments: A formal dual-process model and an analysis of receiver operating characteristics. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 1415-1434.
72. Zimmer, H. D. (2001). Why do actions speak louder than words: Action memory as a variant of encoding manipulations or the result of a specific memory system? In H. D. Zimmer & R. L. Cohen (Eds.), Memory for action: A distinct form of episodic memory? (pp. 151-198). New York: Oxford University Press.
73. Zimmer, H. D., & Engelkamp, J. (1999). Levels-of-processing effects in subject-performed tasks. Memory and Cognition, 27, 907-914.