Experimental and computer modelling speciation studies of the effect of pH and phosphate on the precipitation of calcium and magnesium salts in urine

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

Volumn 44, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 185-191

  Darn, Simon M ^a   Sodi, Ravinder ^a   Ranganath, Lakshminarayan R ^a   Roberts, Norman B ^a   Duffield, John R ^b  

^a ROYAL LIVERPOOL AND BROADGREEN UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS NHS TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST OF ENGLAND   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Acidification; Calcium; Magnesium; pH; Phosphate; Precipitation; Speciation

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM PHOSPHATE; CALCIUM SALT; MAGNESIUM SALT; PHOSPHATE;

ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMPUTER MODEL; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; HUMAN; PH; PRECIPITATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THERMODYNAMICS; URINALYSIS; URINE ACIDIFICATION;

CALCIUM; CALCIUM PHOSPHATES; COMPUTER SIMULATION; HUMANS; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; MAGNESIUM; MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS; PHOSPHATES;

EID: 32544440769     PISSN: 14346621     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/CCLM.2006.034     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Pak CY, Eanes ED, Ruskin B. Spontaneous precipitation of brushite in urine: evidence that brushite is the nidus of renal stones originating as calcium phosphate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1971;68:1456-60.
2. Suller MT, Anthony VJ, Mathur S, Feneley RC, Greenman J, Stickler DJ. Factors modulating the pH at which calcium and magnesium phosphates precipitate from human urine. Urol Res 2005;33:254-60.
3. Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1994:71.
4. Gowans EM, Fraser CG. Biological variation in analyte concentrations in urine of apparently healthy men and women. Clin Chem 1987;33:847-50.
5. Nicoll GW, Struthers AD, Fraser CG. Biological variation of urinary magnesium. Clin Chem 1991;37:1794-5.
6. Ricos C, Jimenez CV, Hernandez A, Simon M, Perich C, Alvarez V, et al. Biological variation in urine samples used for analyte measurements. Clin Chem 1994;40:472-7.
7. Konigsberger E, Konigsberger L-C, May PM, Hefter GT. Complexation of iron(III) and iron(II) by citrate. Implications for iron speciation in blood plasma. J Inorg Biochem 2000;78:175-84.
8. Udert KM, Larsen TA, Gujer W. Estimating the precipitation potential in urine collecting systems. Water Res 2003;37:2667-77.
9. Ostwald W. The formation and changes of solids. Z Phys Chem 1897;22:289-330.
10. Shephard MD, Penberthy LA, Fraser CG. Short- and long-term biological variation in analytes in urine of apparently healthy individuals. Clin Chem 1981;27: 569-73.
11. Westenberg A, Harper M, Zafirakis H, Shah PJ. Bladder and renal stones: management and treatment. Hosp Med 2002;63:34-41.
12. Wickham JE. Treatment of urinary tract stones. Br Med J 1993;307:1414-7.
13. Mattle D, Hess B. Preventive treatment of nephrolithiasis with alkali citrate - a critical review. Urol Res 2005; 33:73-9.
14. Laube N, Zimmermann DJ. The influence of freezer storage of urine samples on the BONN Risk Index for calcium oxalate crystallization. Clin Chem Lab Med 2004;42: 665-9.
15. Coe FL, Evan A, Worcester E. Kidney stone disease. J Clin Invest 2005;115:2598-608.
16. Werness PG, Brown CM, Smith LH, Finlayson B. EQUIL 2: a basic computer program for the calculation of urinary supersaturation. J Urol 1985;134:1242-4.
17. Tiselius HG. Risk formulas in calcium oxalate urolithiasis. World J Urol 1997;15:176-85.
18. Laube N, Hergarten S, Hoppe B, Schmidt M, Hesse A. Determination of the calcium oxalate crystallization risk from urine samples: the BONN Risk Index in comparison to other risk formulas. J Urol 2004;172:355-59.