N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladium complex on polystyrene resin surface as polymer-supported catalyst and its application in Suzuki cross-coupling reaction

Tetrahedron Letters

Volumn 45, Issue 30, 2004, Pages 5827-5831

  Kim, Jong Ho ^a   Jun, Bong Hyun ^a   Byun, Jang Woong ^a   Lee, Yoon Sik ^a  

^a Seoul National University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Heterogeneous catalysis; Imidazolium; Palladium (Pd); Polymer supported N heterocyclic carbene (NHC); Suspension polymerization; Suzuki cross coupling

Indexed keywords

BENZENEBORONIC ACID; CARBENE; HALIDE; PALLADIUM; POLYMER; POLYSTYRENE;

ARTICLE; CATALYST; POLYMERIZATION; SUZUKI REACTION;

LATEOLABRAX JAPONICUS;

EID: 3242764475     PISSN: 00404039     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.06.006     Document Type: Article

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16. The loading capacity of the imidazolium groups on the resins was determined by means of the nitrogen content from elementary analysis
17. CLSM (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope) image was visualized using the following procedure: Fluoroscent dye, 5(6)-carboxytetramethyl rhodamine (34.5 μmol, 3 equiv), was dissolved in DMF (3 mL) and then added to the resin (0.23 mmol/g, 50 mg). After the mixture was shaken for 4 h at room temperature, the resins were washed with DMF, MC, and MeOH extensively. The resin beads were viewed through CLSM
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21. A typical procedure for measuring the swelling properties of the poly(imidazoliummethyl styrene)-sg-PS resin. The swelling volumes of the poly(imidazoliummethyl styrene)-sg-PS resin in various solvents were measured in a fritted column (ID 0.8 cm, length 20 cm). The resins (1.0 g) were swollen in a solvent at room temperature for 30 min, and then washed with a 10-fold volume of each solvent. The resin volume was measured after filtering out the solvent
22. 3), 128 (NCH, NCH, aromatic polystyrene skeleton), 146 (NCN, aromatic polystyrene skeleton)
23. 4 followed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The chemical identification of the product was performed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) from the mass database library (WILEY 275), showing a good similarity (>95%) with the reported data. After the biphenyl product had been isolated by column chromatography (eluent; n-hexane), the isolation yield was calculated from the mass of the product, and the purity of the isolated product was determined by GC (99.9% GC purity)