Protamine and protamine reactions

International Anesthesiology Clinics

Volumn 42, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 135-145

  Park, Kyung W ^a  

^a BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; HEPARIN LYASE; HEXADIMETHRINE BROMIDE; HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; PROTAMINE;

ADULT; ANAPHYLAXIS; DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; HEART SURGERY; HISTAMINE RELEASE; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; IMMEDIATE TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASE; LUNG EDEMA; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; RADIOALLERGOSORBENT TEST; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN TEST;

ANAPHYLAXIS; ANIMALS; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; HEPARIN ANTAGONISTS; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY; PROTAMINES; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 3242687890     PISSN: 00205907     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00004311-200404230-00011     Document Type: Review

References (43)

1. Hagedorn HC, Jensen BN, Krarup NB, et al. Protamine insulate. JAMA. 1936;106:177-180.
2. Cobb CA, Fung DL. Shock due to protamine hypersensitivity. Surg Neurol. 1981;17:245-246.
3. Horrow JC. Protamine allergy. J Cardiothor Anesth. 1988;2:225-242.
4. Conahan TJ, Andrews RW, MacVaugh H. Cardiovascular effects of protamine sulfate in man. Anesth Analg. 1981;60:33-36.
5. Sethna DH, Moffitt E, Gray RJ, et al. Effects of protamine sulfate on myocardial oxygen supply and demand in patients following cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg. 1982;61:247-251.
6. Sethna D, Gray R, Bussell J, et al. Further studies on the myocardial metabolic effects of protamine sulfate following cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg. 1982;61:476-477.
7. Michaels IA, Barash PG. Hemodynamic changes during protamine administration. Anesth Analg. 1983;62:831-835.
8. Coulon C, Freysz M, Jaboeuf R, et al. Appreciation of optimal loading at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass: "the protamine sulfate test" [letter]. Int J Artif Organs. 1982;5:387-389.
9. Porsche R, Brenner ZR. Allergy to protamine sulfate. Heart Lung. 1999;28:418-428.
10. Stewart WJ, McSweeney SM, Kellet MA, et al. Increased risk of severe protamine reactions in NPH insulin-dependent diabetics undergoing cardiac catheterization. Circulation. 1984;70:788-792.
11. Gottschlich GM, Gravelee GP, Georgitis JW. Adverse reactions to protamine sulfate during cardiac surgery in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Ann Allergy. 1988;61:277-281.
12. Weiss ME, Nyhan D, Peng Z, et al. Association of protamine IgE and IgG antibodies with life-threatening reactions to intravenous protamine. N Engl J Med. 1989;320:886-892.
13. Rent R, Ertel N, Eisenstein R, et al. Complement activation by interaction of polyanions and polycations. I. Heparin-protamine induced consumption of complement. J Immunol. 1975;114:120-124.
14. Best N, Sinosich MJ, Teisner B, et al. Complement activation during cardiopulmonary bypass by heparin-protamine interaction. Br J Anaesth. 1984;56:339-343.
15. Kirklin JK, Chenoweth DE, Naftel DC, et al. Effects of protamine administration after cardiopulmonary bypass on complement, blood elements, and the hemodynamic state. Ann Thorac Surg. 1986;41:193-199.
16. Tan F, Jackman H, Skidgel RA, et al. Protamine inhibits plasma carboxypeptidase N, the inactivator of anaphylatoxins and kinins. Anesthesiology. 1989;70:267-275.
17. Lowenstein E, Johnston WE, Lappas DG, et al. Catastrophic pulmonary vasoconstriction associated with protamine reversal of heparin. Anesthesiology. 1983;59:470-473.
18. Morel DR, Zapol WM, Thomas SJ, et al. C5a and thromboxane generation associated with pulmonary vaso- and broncho-constriction during protamine reversal of heparin. Anesthesiology. 1987;66:597-604.
19. Conzen PF, Habazettl H, Gutmann R, et al. Thromboxane mediation of pulmonary hemodynamic responses after neutralization of heparin by protamine in pigs. Anesth Analg. 1989;68:25-31.
20. Knape JTA, Schuller JL, de Haan P, et al. An anaphylactic reaction to protamine in a patient allergic to fish. Anesthesiology. 1981;55:324-325.
21. Levy JH, Schweiger IM, Zaidan JR, et al. Evaluation of patients at risk for protamine reactions. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1989;98:200-204.
22. Adourian U, Shampaine EL, Hirshman CA, et al. High-titer protamine-specific IgG antibody associated with anaphylaxis: report of a case and quantitative analysis of antibody in vasectomized men. Anesthesiology. 1993;78:368-372.
23. Samuel T, Linnert L, Rumke P. Post vasectomy autoimmunity to protamines in relation to the formation of granulomas and sperm agglutinating antibodies. Clin Exp Immunol. 1978;33:261-269.
24. Samuel T, Kolk AHJ, Rumke P, et al. Autoimmunity to sperm antigens in vasectomized men. Clin Exp Immunol. 1975;21:65-74.
25. Watson RA, Ansbacher R, Barry M, et al. Allergic reaction to protamine: a late complication of elective vasectomy? Urology, 1983;22:493-495.
26. Kurtz AB, Gray RS, Markand S, et al. Circulating IgG antibody to protamine in patients treated with protamine-insulins. Diabetologia. 1983;25:322-324.
27. Sharath MD, Metzger WJ, Richerson HB, et al. Protamine-induced fatal anaphylaxis: prevalence of antiprotamine immunoglobulin E antibody. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1985;90:86-90.
28. Horrow JC, Pharo GH, Levit LS, et al. Neither skin tests nor serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests provide specificity for protamine allergy. Anesth Analg. 1996;82:386-389.
29. Schwartz LB, Yunginger JW, Miller J, et al. Time course of appearance and disappearance of human mast cell tryptase in the circulation after anaphylaxis. J Clin Invest. 1989;83:1551-1555.
30. Takenoshita M, Sugiyama M, Okuno Y, et al. Anaphylactoid reaction to protamine confirmed by plasma tryptase in a diabetic during open heart surgery. Anesthesiology. 1996;84:233-235.
31. Velders AJ, Wildevuur CR. Platelet damage by protamine and the protective effect of prostacyclin: an experimental study in dogs. Ann Thorac Surg. 1986;42:168-171.
32. Mochizuki T, Olson PJ, Szlam F, et al. Protamine reversal of heparin affects platelet aggregation and activated clotting time after cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg. 1998;87:781-785.
33. Okano K, Saito Y, Matsushima A, et al. Protamine interacts with the D-domains of fibrinogen. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1981;671:164-167.
34. Cobel-Gerard RJ, Hassouna HI. Interaction of protamine sulfate with thrombin. Am J Hematol. 1983;14:227-233.
35. Morel DR, Mo Costabella PM, Pittet J-F. Adverse cardiopulmonary effects and increased plasma thromboxane concentrations following the neutralization of heparin with protamine in awake sheep are infusion rate-dependent. Anesthesiology. 1990;73:415-424.
36. Zaidan JR, Johnson S, Brynes R, et al. Rate of protamine administration: its effect on heparin reversal and antithrombin recovery after coronary artery surgery. Anesth Analg. 1986;65:377-380.
37. Ralley FE. The use of nitric oxide for managing catastrophic pulmonary vasoconstriction arising from protamine administration. Anesth Analg. 1999;88:505-507.
38. Levy JH, Cormack JG, Morales A. Heparin neutralization by recombinant platelet factor 4 and protamine. Anesth Analg. 1995;81:35-37.
39. Kikura M, Lee MK, Levy JH. Heparin neutralization with methylene blue, hexadimethrine, or vancomycin after cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg. 1996;83:223-227.
40. Hunsicker LG, Shearer TP, Shaffer SJ. Acute reversible proteinuria induced by infusion of the polycation hexadimethrine. Kidney Int. 1981;20:7-17.
41. Bridges CRJ, Rennke HG, Deen WM, et al. Reversible hexadimethrine-induced alterations in glomerular structure and permeability. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1991;1:1095-1108.
42. Despotis GJ, Summerfield AL, Joist JH, et al. In vitro reversal of heparin effect with heparinase: evaluation with whole blood prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time in cardiac surgical patients. Anesth Analg. 1994;79:670-674.
43. Zwischenberger JB, Vertrees RA, Brunston RL, et al. Application of a heparin removal device in patients with known protamine hypersensitivity. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;115:729-731.