Smoking and cataract: Review of causal association

Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery

Volumn 31, Issue 12, 2005, Pages 2395-2404

  Kelly, Simon P ^a   Thornton, Judith ^b   Edwards, Richard ^b   Sahu, Anjana ^c   Harrison, Roger ^b,d  

^a BOLTON NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^c Bury Primary Care Trust   (United Kingdom)

^d Bolton Primary Care Trust   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CATARACT; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DOSE RESPONSE; EMBASE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LITERATURE; MEDLINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SMOKING;

EID: 32244438985     PISSN: 08863350     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2005.06.039     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. World Health Organization World Health Report. Life in the 21st Century: A Vision For All 1998 WHO Geneva
2. A. Taylor, P.F. Jacques, and E.M. Epstein Relations among aging, antioxidant status, and cataract Am J Clin Nutr 62 suppl 1995 1439S 1447S
3. H.R. Taylor Epidemiology of age-related cataract Eye 13 1999 445 448
4. R.M. Clayton, J. Cuthbert, and J. Duffy Some risk factors associated with cataract in SE Scotland: a pilot study Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 102 1982 331 336
5. J.J. Harding, and R. van Heyningen Drugs, including alcohol, that act as risk factors for cataract, and possible protection against cataract by aspirin-like analgesics and cyclopenthiazide B J Ophthalmol 72 1988 809 814
6. B. Muñoz, U. Tajchman, T. Bochow, and S. West Alcohol use and risk of posterior subcapsular opacities Arch Ophthalmol 111 1993 110 112
7. A. Arnarsson, F. Jonasson, and H. Sasaki Risk factors for nuclear lens opacification: the Reykjavik Eye Study Dev Ophthalmol 35 2002 12 20
8. B.E.K. Klein, R. Klein, and K.E. Lee Incident cataract after a five-year interval and lifestyle factors: the Beaver Dam Eye Study Ophthalmic Epidemiol 6 1999 247 255
9. D.E. Flaye, K.N. Sullivan, and T.R. Cullinan Cataracts and cigarette smoking; the City Eye Study Eye 3 1989 379 384
10. M. Mohan, R.D. Sperduto, and S.K. Angra India-US case-control study of age-related cataracts; India-US Case-Control Study Group Arch Ophthalmol 107 1989 670 676
11. M.C. Leske, L.T. Chylack Jr., and S.-Y. Wu The lens opacities case-control study; risk factors for cataract; the Lens Opacities Case-Control Study Group Arch Ophthalmol 109 1991 244 251
12. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E and beta-carotene for age-related cataract and vision loss; AREDS Report No 9 Arch Ophthalmol 119 2001 1439 1452
13. J.M. Teikari, M. Rautalahti, and J. Haukka Incidence of cataract operations in Finnish male smokers unaffected by alpha tocopherol or beta carotene supplements J Epidemiol Community Health 52 1998 468 472
14. L.T. Chylack Jr., N.P. Brown, and A. Bron The Roche European American Cataract Trial (REACT): a randomized clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of an oral antioxidant micronutrient mixture to slow progression of age-related cataract; the REACT Group Ophthalmic Epidemiol 9 2002 49 80
15. A.B. Hill The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc R Soc Med 58 1965 295 300
16. M. Susser What is a cause and how do we know one? A grammar for pragmatic epidemiology Am J Epidemiol 133 1991 635 648
17. B.E.K. Klein, R. Klein, and S.E. Moss Prevalence of cataracts in a population-based study of persons with diabetes mellitus Ophthalmology 92 1985 1191 1196
18. S.K. Angra, N. Pushker, M.S. Sachdev, and N.F. Jaffery Risk factors for age-related posterior subcapsular cataract Ann Ophthalmol 32 2000 101 106
19. S. West, B. Munoz, E.A. Emmett, and H.R. Taylor Cigarette smoking and risk of nuclear cataracts Arch Ophthalmol 107 1989 1166 1169
20. S. West, B. Muñoz, and O.D. Schein Cigarette smoking and risk for progression of nuclear opacities Arch Ophthalmol 113 1995 1377 1380
21. W.G. Christen, J.E. Manson, and J.M. Seddon A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of cataract in men JAMA 268 1992 989 993
22. W.G. Christen, R.J. Glynn, and U.A. Ajani Smoking cessation and risk of age-related cataract in men JAMA 284 2000 713 716
23. S.E. Hankinson, W.C. Willett, and G.A. Colditz A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of cataract surgery in women JAMA 268 1992 994 998
24. H.S. Newland, A.J. Woodward, and L.A. Taumoepeau Epidemiology of blindness and visual impairment in the kingdom of Tonga Br J Ophthalmol 78 1994 344 348
25. M. Janghorbani, R.B. Jones, and S.P. Allison Incidence of and risk factors for cataract among diabetes clinic attenders Ophthalmic Epidemiol 7 2000 13 25
26. E.O. Ojofeitimi, D.A. Adelekan, and A. Adeoye Dietary and lifestyle patterns in the aetiology of cataracts in Nigerian patients Nutr Health 13 1999 61 68
27. C.A. McCarty, M.B. Nanjan, and H.R. Taylor Attributable risk estimates for cataract to prioritize medical and public health action Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 41 2000 3720 3725
28. B.E.K. Klein, R. Klein, K.L.P. Linton, and T. Franke Cigarette smoking and lens opacities; the Beaver Dam Eye Study Am J Prevent Med 9 1993 27 30
29. H. Hirvelä, H. Luukinen, and L. Laatikainen Prevalence and risk factors of lens opacities in the elderly in Finland; a population-based study Ophthalmology 102 1995 108 117
30. P.J. Foster, T.Y. Wong, and D. Machin Risk factors for nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts in the Chinese population of Singapore: the Tanjong Pagar Survey Br J Ophthalmol 87 2003 1112 1120
31. R. Hiller, R.D. Sperduto, and M.J. Podgor Cigarette smoking and the risk of development of lens opacities; the Framingham Studies Arch Ophthalmol 115 1997 1113 1118
32. M.C. Leske, L.T. Chylack Jr., and Q. He Risk factors for nuclear opalescence in a longitudinal study; LSC Group. Longitudinal Study of Cataract Am J Epidemiol 147 1998 36 41
33. J.M. Weintraub, W.C. Willett, and B. Rosner Smoking cessation and risk of cataract extraction among US women and men Am J Epidemiol 155 2002 72 79
34. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group Risk factors associated with age-related nuclear and cortical cataract; a case-control study in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, AREDS Report No 5 Ophthalmology 108 2001 1400 1408
35. R.G. Cumming, and P. Mitchell Alcohol, smoking, and cataracts; the Blue Mountains Eye Study Arch Ophthalmol 115 1997 1296 1303
36. C.Y. Cheng, J.H. Liu, S.J. Chen, and F.L. Lee Population-based study on prevalence and risk factors of age-related cataracts in Peitou, Taiwan Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih 63 2000 641 648
37. N. Katoh, K. Sasaki, and T. Shibata Case-control study of senile cataract in Japan: a preliminary report Jpn J Ophthalmol 37 1993 467 477
38. C.I. Phillips, R.M. Clayton, and J. Cuthbert Human cataract risk factors: significance of abstention from, and high consumption of, ethanol (U-curve) and non-significance of smoking Ophthalmic Res 28 1996 237 247
39. C.A. McCarty, B.N. Mukesh, C.L. Fu, and H.R. Taylor The epidemiology of cataract in Australia Am J Ophthalmol 128 1999 446 465
40. C. Delcourt, J.P. Cristol, and F. Tessier Risk factors for cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataracts: the POLA study; Pathologies Oculaires Liées à l'Age Am J Epidemiol 151 2000 497 504
41. S. Ottonello, C. Foroni, and A. Carta Oxidative stress and age-related cataract Ophthalmologica 214 2000 78 85
42. C.K. Chow, R.R. Thacker, and C. Changchit Lower levels of vitamin C and carotenes in plasma of cigarette smokers J Am Coll Nutr 5 1986 305 312
43. P. Rácz, and A. Erdöhelyi Cadmium, lead and copper concentrations in normal and senile cataractous human lenses Ophthalmic Res 20 1998 10 13
44. S. Ramakrishnan, K.N. Sulochana, and T. Selvaraj Smoking of beedies and cataract: cadmium and vitamin C in the lens and blood Br J Ophthalmol 79 1995 202 206
45. J.J. Harding Cigarettes and cataract: cadmium or lack of vitamin C? [editorial] Br J Ophthalmol 79 1996 199 200
46. O. Cekic Effect of cigarette smoking on copper, lead, and cadmium acccumulation in human lens Br J Ophthalmol 82 1998 186 188
47. V.K. Shalini, M. Luthra, and L. Srinivas Oxidative damage to the eye lens caused by cigarette smoke and fuel smoke condensates Indian J Biochem Biophys 31 1994 261 266
48. Department of Health Survey for England 1998: Cardiovascular Disease 1999 Department of Health London
49. S.N. Ughade, S.P. Zodpey, and V.A. Khanolkar Risk factors for cataract: a case control study Indian J Ophthalmol 46 1998 221 227
50. L.T. Chylack Jr., M.C. Leske, and R. Sperduto Lens opacities classification system; the Lens Opacities Case-Control Study Group Arch Ophthalmol 106 1988 330 334
51. M.C. Leske, L.T. Chylack Jr., and R. Sperduto Evaluation of a lens opacities classification system; the Lens Opacities Case-Control Study Group Arch Ophthalmol 106 1988 327 329
52. B.E.K. Klein, R. Klein, and K.L.P. Linton Assessment of cataracts from photographs in the Beaver Dam Eye Study Ophthalmology 97 1990 1428 1433
53. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) system for classifying cataracts from photographs: AREDS Report No 4 Am J Ophthalmol 131 2001 167 175
54. G. Bidwell, A. Sahu, and R. Edwards Perceptions of blindness related to smoking: a hospital-based cross-sectional study Eye 19 2005 945 948
55. M. Raw, A. McNeill, and R. West Smoking cessation guidelines for health professionals - a guide to effective smoking cessation interventions for the health care system Thorax 53 suppl 5 1998 S1 S18
56. N. Katoh, F. Jonasson, and H. Sasaki Cortical lens opacification in Iceland; risk factor analysis - Reykjavik Eye Study Acta Ophthalmol Scand 79 2001 154 159